1
|
Kundu J, Banerjee P, Bose C, Das U, Ghosh U, Sinha S. Internal Oligoguanidinium Transporter: Mercury-Free Scalable Synthesis, Improvement of Cellular Localization, Endosomal Escape, Mitochondrial Localization, and Conjugation with Antisense Morpholino for NANOG Inhibition to Induce Chemosensitization of Taxol in MCF-7 Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2367-2382. [PMID: 32986398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A nontoxic delivery vehicle is essential for the therapeutic applications of antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMOs). Though guanidinium-rich or arginine-rich cellular transporter conjugated Vivo-PMO or PPMO has been developed for in vivo application, however, either their toxicity or stability has become an issue. Previously, we reported nonpeptidic internal guanidinium transporter (IGT) mediated delivery of PMO for gene silencing and got encouraging results. In this paper, we report the synthesis of IGT using a Hg-free method for scale up and N-terminal modification of IGT with a suitable hydrophobic or lipophilic group to improve the cell permeability, endosomal escape, and mitochondrial localization and to reduce toxicity in the MTT assay. For the delivery of PMO, IGT-PMO conjugate was synthesized to target NANOG in cells, a transcription factor required for cancer stem cell proliferation and embryonic development and is involved in many cancers. Our data shows IGT-PMO-facilitated NANOG inhibition, and thereby the prevention of EpCAM-N-Cadherin-Vimentin axis mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, unlike taxol, NANOG inhibition influences the expression of stemness factor c-Myc, Hh-Gli signaling proteins, other cancer related factors, and their respective phenotypes in cancer cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to illustrate that the IGT-PMO-mediated NANOG inhibition increases the therapeutic potential of taxol and induces G0-G1 arrest in cancer cells to prevent cancer progression. However, it warrants further investigation in other cancer cells and preclinical platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kundu
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanjalee Banerjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandra Bose
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ujjal Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ujjwal Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Surajit Sinha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Telang N, Nair HB, Wong GYC. Growth inhibitory efficacy and anti-aromatase activity of Tabebuia avellanedae in a model for post-menopausal Luminal A breast cancer. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:222-229. [PMID: 31632670 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) represent a treatment option for post-menopausal estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer as monotherapy, or in combination with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 or mTOR inhibitors. Long-term treatment with these agents leads to dose-limiting toxicity and drug resistance. Natural substances provide testable alternatives to current therapy. Tabebuia avellanedae (TA) tree is indigenous to the Amazon rainforest. The inner bark of TA represents a medicinal dietary supplement known as Taheebo. Non-fractionated aqueous extract from TA is an effective growth inhibitor in the Luminal A and triple negative breast cancer models. The quinone derivative naphthofurandione (NFD) is a major bioactive agent in TA. The present study examined the efficacy of finely ground powder from the inner bark of TA, available under the name of Taheebo-NFD-Marugoto (TNM). The ER+ MCF-7 cells stably transfected with the aromatase gene MCF-7AROM represented a model for aromatase-expressing post-menopausal breast cancer. Anchorage-independent colony formation, cell cycle progression, pro-apoptotic caspase 3/7 activity, apoptosis-specific gene expression, aromatase activity and select estradiol (E2) target gene expression represented the mechanistic end points. Treatment of MCF-7AROM cells with TNM induced a dose-dependent reduction in E2-promoted anchorage-independent colony number. Mechanistic assays on TNM-treated MCF-7AROM cells demonstrated that TNM at a concentration of 10 µg (NFD content: 2 ng), induced S-phase arrest, increased pro-apoptotic caspase 3/7 activity, increased pro-apoptotic BAX and decreased anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene expression, and inhibited aromatase activity. Additionally, TNM treatment downregulated ESR-1 (gene for ER-α), aromatase and progesterone gene expression and reduced mRNA levels of E2 target genes pS2, GRB2 and cyclin D1. Inhibition of aromatase activity, based on the NFD content of TNM was superior to the clinical AIs Letrozole and Exemestane. These data demonstrated the potential efficacy of TNM as a nutritional alternative for current therapy of aromatase positive, post-menopausal breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Telang
- Cancer Prevention Research Program, Palindrome Liaisons Consultants, Montvale, NJ 07645-1559, USA
| | - Hareesh B Nair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - George Y C Wong
- American Foundation for Chinese Medicine, New York, NY 11103, USA.,Breast Center, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA
| |
Collapse
|