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Schmidt S, Taeger A, Morinière J, Liston A, Blank SM, Kramp K, Kraus M, Schmidt O, Heibo E, Prous M, Nyman T, Malm T, Stahlhut J. Identification of sawflies and horntails (Hymenoptera, 'Symphyta') through DNA barcodes: successes and caveats. Mol Ecol Resour 2016; 17:670-685. [PMID: 27768250 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The 'Symphyta' is a paraphyletic assemblage at the base of the order Hymenoptera, comprising 14 families and about 8750 species. All have phytophagous larvae, except for the Orussidae, which are parasitoids. This study presents and evaluates the results of DNA barcoding of approximately 5360 specimens of 'Symphyta', mainly adults, and 4362 sequences covering 1037 species were deemed of suitable quality for inclusion in the analysis. All extant families are represented, except for the Anaxyelidae. The majority of species and specimens are from Europe, but approximately 38% of the species and 13% of the specimens are of non-European origin. The utility of barcoding for species identification and taxonomy of 'Symphyta' is discussed on the basis of examples from each of the included families. A significant level of cryptic species diversity was apparent in many groups. Other attractive applications include the identification of immature stages without the need to rear them, community analyses based on metabarcoding of bulk samples and association of the sexes of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmidt
- SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Taeger
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Jérôme Morinière
- SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew Liston
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Stephan M Blank
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Katja Kramp
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Kraus
- Manfred Kraus, Fallrohrstr. 27, 90480, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Olga Schmidt
- SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Heibo
- Erik Heibo, Rypeveien 34 A, 3420, Lierskogen, Norway
| | - Marko Prous
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.,Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tommi Nyman
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland
| | - Tobias Malm
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie Stahlhut
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Liston AD, Knight GT, Sheppard DA, Broad GR, Livermore L. Checklist of british and irish hymenoptera - sawflies, 'symphyta'. Biodivers Data J 2014; 2:e1168. [PMID: 25197241 PMCID: PMC4152835 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.2.e1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Liston
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Guy T. Knight
- Entomology, National Museums Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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