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Bhatnagar S, Kumari R, Kaur I. Seaweed and a biocontrol agent and their effects on the growth and production of Brassica juncea: a sustainable approach. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:16. [PMID: 37978090 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are crucial for increasing agricultural growth and productivity, but inorganic fertilizers can negatively impact agricultural systems. To address this issue, sustainable techniques like organic farming are being developed, which improve soil quality and nutritional status while preserving human safety. In the Botanical Garden, of Department of Botany at the University of Delhi, India, experiments on Brassica juncea were carried out over a three-year period in six micro plots, each measuring 10 square meters. Vermicompost (V), Sargassum johnstoni (S), NPK (N), Trichoderma viride (T), and Sargassum + Trichoderma viride were five distinct organic combinations that were used to replenish the garden soil (ST). The aim of the study was to assess the effects of organic fertilizers and compare the results with commercially available chemical fertilizers (NPK) on Brassica growth and yield. The study found that soil modified with seaweed fertilizers significantly improved the morphological, reproductive, and biochemical properties of plants. Sargassum + Trichoderma soil amendment led to early flowering and fruiting, better-quality produce, and a low incidence of fungal infection and aphid infestation. This study reveals a new cost-effective method for crop development and production sustainability, benefiting both farmers and environmentalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Reeta Kumari
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India.
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India.
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Inderdeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
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Pradhan PC, Mukhopadhyay A, Kumar R, Kundu A, Patanjali N, Dutta A, Kamil D, Bag TK, Aggarwal R, Bharadwaj C, Singh PK, Singh A. Performance appraisal of Trichoderma viride based novel tablet and powder formulations for management of Fusarium wilt disease in chickpea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:990392. [PMID: 36275506 PMCID: PMC9585344 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.990392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In developing a Trichoderma viride-based biocontrol program for Fusarium wilt disease in chickpea, the choice of the quality formulation is imperative. In the present study, two types of formulations i.e. powder for seed treatment (TvP) and tablet for direct application (TvT), employing T. viride as the biocontrol agent, were evaluated for their ability to control chickpea wilt under field conditions at three dosages i.e. recommended (RD), double of recommended (DD) and half of recommended (1/2 RD). A screening study for the antagonistic fungi strains based on volatile and non-volatile bioassays revealed that T. viride ITCC 7764 has the most potential among the five strains tested (ITCC 6889, ITCC 7204, ITCC 7764, ITCC 7847, ITCC 8276), which was then used to develop the TvP and TvT formulations. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of T. viride strain confirmed the highest abundance of compositions comprising octan-3-one (13.92%), 3-octanol (10.57%), and 1-octen-3-ol (9.40%) in the most potential T. viride 7764. Further Physico-chemical characterization by standard Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council (CIPAC) methods revealed the optimized TvP formulation to be free flowing at pH 6.50, with a density of 0.732 g cm-3. The TvT formulation showed a pH value of 7.16 and density of 0.0017 g cm-3 for a complete disintegration time of 22.5 min. The biocontrol potential of TvP formulation was found to be superior to that of TvT formulation in terms of both seed germination and wilt incidence in chickpea under field conditions. However, both the developed formulations (TvP and TvT) expressed greater bioefficacy compared to the synthetic fungicide (Carbendazim 50% WP) and the conventional talc-based formulation. Further research should be carried out on the compatibility of the developed products with other agrochemicals of synthetic or natural origin to develop an integrated disease management (IDM) schedule in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Pradhan
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Arkadeb Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Randeep Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditi Kundu
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Patanjali
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Dutta
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Deeba Kamil
- Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Bag
- Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi Aggarwal
- Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Chellapilla Bharadwaj
- Division of Genetics, (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - P. K. Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Evaluation of Punica granatum L. fruits extracts as anti-fungus infecting Iraqi wheat crop Triticum aestivum (L.). Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022. [DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v6ns3.6248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Faculty of Science / University of Kufa from October 2021 to March 2022, the Pomegranate granatum (L.) fruits plant was collected from Kufa marked and was cleaned of plankton with tap water and the fruits parts mesocarp (grease) and Peels were cut after separating them into small pieces and dried in shade and room temperature (24±2) and then crushed into a dry powder. A specific weight (10) grams of Mixing of two part (mesocarp and Peels) powder was extracted separately by soxhlet method using ethanol 96%. The qualitative analysis was studied for the detection phytochemicals using chemical reagents and GC-MS analysis was conducted to identify the quality and quantity of phytochemical compounds in crude extraction methods used in this study. Results of chemical tests for the alcoholic extract showed positive results for alkaloids, phenols, terpenes and glucosides, and the ethanolic extract of the mixing of ( mesocarp and Peels) using the Soxhlet method showed the highest rate of the chemical compounds diagnosed using GC-MS indicated 72 peaks.
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Inhibitory Effect of CUSTOS, a Formulated Allium-Based Extract, on the Growth of Some Selected Plant Pathogens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/ijpb13020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are in intimate association with a great diversity of pathogenic and mutualistic microbes that use host plants for proliferation. Plants, in turn, have evolved mechanisms that are contingent upon their innate immune system to resist perceived biotic stresses. The objective of this work is to determine the antimicrobial properties of an allium-based antimicrobial formulation named CUSTOS on the growth of plant pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi, oomycetes, and bacteria. Two anthracnose-related species of the fungal genus Colletotrichum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the oomycete Phytophthora cactorum, and the bacterium Xanthomonas fragariae associated with strawberry plants were tested in vitro. Furthermore, two fungi Alternaria dauci and Botrytis cinerea, associated with carrot plants, were tested in planta. CUSTOS inhibited the growth of all plant pathogens tested. We found that both curative and preventive planta treatments with CUSTOS inhibited the growth of Alternaria dauci and Botrytis cinerea in carrots. Furthermore, the differential expression levels of the PR 10 genes were correlated with the magnitude of infection. We also found that the field application of CUSTOS on strawberry plants results in a reduction of fungal pathogens on strawberry fruits stored under refrigeration. In summary, CUSTOS may induce pathogen resistance in fruit and vegetable plants and can be used as both a curative and a preventive against rotting and disease.
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Ain QU, Asad S, Ahad K, Safdar MN, Jamal A. Antimicrobial Activity of Pinus wallachiana Leaf Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Analysis of Its Fractions by HPLC. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030347. [PMID: 35335671 PMCID: PMC8953374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt has ruined banana production and poses a major threat to its industry because of highly virulent Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 4. The present study focused on the efficacy of Pinus wallachiana leaf extracts and its organic fractions against Foc in in vitro and greenhouse experiments. The presence of polyphenols in the fractions was also investigated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The in vitro tests carried out for the leaf extract of P. wallachiana showed its inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth and, based on this evidence, further characterization of fractions were done. Complete mycelial inhibition and the highest zone of inhibition against Foc was observed for the n-butanol fraction in vitro, while the n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions showed lower disease severity index (DSI) in greenhouse experiments. The fractions were further analysed by HPLC using nine polyphenolic standards, namely quercitin, myrecitin, kaempferol, rutin, gallic acid, trans-ferulic acid, coumeric acid, epicatechin and catechin. The highest content of polyphenols, based on standards used, was quantified in the n-butanol fraction followed by the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extract. This is the first report of antimicrobial activity of Pinus wallachiana extracts against Foc to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurat Ul Ain
- PARC Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
- Crop Diseases Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); (A.J.)
| | - Shahzad Asad
- Crop Diseases Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Karam Ahad
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Naeem Safdar
- Food Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Atif Jamal
- Crop Diseases Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); (A.J.)
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Kumar P, Lokesh V, Doddaraju P, Kumari A, Singh P, Meti BS, Sharma J, Gupta KJ, Manjunatha G. Greenhouse and field experiments revealed that clove oil can effectively reduce bacterial blight and increase yield in pomegranate. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar
- Biocontrol laboratory University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot India
- Department of Biotechnology Basaveshwar Engineering College (Autonomous) Bagalkot India
| | - Veeresh Lokesh
- Biocontrol laboratory University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot India
| | - Pushpa Doddaraju
- Biocontrol laboratory University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot India
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute for Plant Genome Research New Delhi India
| | - Pooja Singh
- National Institute for Plant Genome Research New Delhi India
| | - Bharati S. Meti
- Department of Biotechnology Basaveshwar Engineering College (Autonomous) Bagalkot India
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Asif R, Siddique MH, Zakki SA, Rasool MH, Waseem M, Hayat S, Muzammil S. Saccharothrix Algeriensis NRRL B-24137 Potentiates Chemical Fungicide Carbendazim in Treating Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Vasinfectum-Induced Cotton Wilt Disease. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820960346. [PMID: 32994756 PMCID: PMC7503036 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820960346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) wilt is one of the destructive disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and lead to 100% yield loss under favorable conditions. This study aims to estimate the potential of biological control agents Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 (SA) and chemical fungicides against cotton wilt pathogen under in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. The in-vitro study revealed that carbendazim showed maximum mycelia growth inhibition with a mean of 91% over control, which was further validated in glasshouse assay. In-vitro dual culture test of biocontrol agents with F. oxysporum determined that SA had a potential to inhibit mycelia growth by 68% compared to control. Further in glasshouse assay, the combination of the SA and carbendazim (10 µg/mL) showed a significant (p < 0.05) disease control. Moreover, results demonstrated that carbendazim and SA remarkably decreased the disease development up to 83% and subsequently, significant improvement was observed in the plant growth parameters (plant length, root length, and plant weight) compared to untreated plants. Conclusively, exploration and utilization of bioagent for fungal diseases in cotton may provide a better line with maximum efficacy and with lesser adverse effects, which will pave a way toward better consequences in fungal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussnain Siddique
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki
- Department of Public Health, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Shabana YM, Abdalla ME, Shahin AA, El-Sawy MM, Draz IS, Youssif AW. Efficacy of plant extracts in controlling wheat leaf rust disease caused by Puccinia triticina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M. Shabana
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Abdalla
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Atef A. Shahin
- Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. El-Sawy
- Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim S. Draz
- Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Ahmed W. Youssif
- Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Oyelana O, Durugbo E, Olukanni O, Ayodele E, Aikulola Z, Adewole A. Antimicrobial Activity of Ficus Leaf Extracts on Some Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens of Dioscorea rotundata from Southwest Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2011.359.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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