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Halder S, Anand U, Nandy S, Oleksak P, Qusti S, Alshammari EM, El-Saber Batiha G, Koshy EP, Dey A. Herbal drugs and natural bioactive products as potential therapeutics: A review on pro-cognitives and brain boosters perspectives. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:879-907. [PMID: 34408548 PMCID: PMC8363108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory, one of the most vital aspects of the human brain, is necessary for the effective survival of an individual. 'Memory' can be defined in various ways but in an overall view, memory is the retention of the information that the brain grasps. Different factors are responsible for the disbalance in the brain's hippocampus region and the acetylcholine level, which masters the memory and cognitive functions. Plants are a source of pharmacologically potent drug molecules of high efficacy. Recently herbal medicine has evolved rapidly, gaining great acceptance worldwide due to their natural origin and fewer side effects. In this review, the authors have discussed the mechanisms and pharmacological action of herbal bioactive compounds to boost memory. Moreover, this review presents an update of different herbs and natural products that could act as memory enhancers and how they can be potentially utilized in the near future for the treatment of severe brain disorders. In addition, the authors also discuss the differences in biological activity of the same herb and emphasize the requirement for a higher standardization in cultivation methods and plant processing. The demand for further studies evaluating the interactions of herbal drugs is mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Halder
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Safaa Qusti
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eida M. Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Eapen P. Koshy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
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Proconvulsant effects of Nepeta menthoides hydro alcoholic extract in different seizure tests: behavioral and biochemical studies. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05579. [PMID: 33294706 PMCID: PMC7701200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In Iran, both Nepeta menthoides - the endemic species of Nepeta genus - and Lavandula officinalis are known as Ustukhuddoos and used widely as medicinal herbs. In Iranian traditional medicine, Ustukhuddoos has been recommended for several neuronal diseases including depression and epilepsy. While the antiepileptic effects of Lavandula officinalis have been investigated in a number of studies, no reports are available taking into account the effect of Nepeta menthoides on epilepsy. Since convulsion is an important side effect of some medicinal plants, a thorough study of the effects of Nepeta menthoides on epilepsy seems necessary. This study was designed to investigate the potential anti- or pro-convulsant activity of Nepeta menthoides and its effects on oxidative stress markers. Since an herbal medicine showed opposite effects in two animal models of epilepsy in our laboratory, authers decided to study Nepeta effects through several seizure tests including the intravenous pentylenetetrazol (i.v. PTZ) infusion, the maximal electroshock (MES), acute PTZ and PTZ-kindling tests. These seizure models are generally used for screening pro- or anti-epileptic drugs. Nepeta menthoides (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the dose of PTZ necessary for clonus seizure induction. Combining either phenytoin (Phen) or Valproate (Val) with Nepeta decreased their antiepileptic effects. Therefore, Nepeta menthoides not only failed to prevent the seizures but also increased sensitivity to them. Nepeta raised brain NO levels in different seizure tests. It seems there is a relation between NO elevation by Nepeta and increased sensitivity to seizures that should be investigated later.
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Liu M, Yang S, Yang J, Lee Y, Kou J, Wang C. Neuroprotective and Memory-Enhancing Effects of Antioxidant Peptide From Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protein Hydrolysates. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19865838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides have been reported to possess interesting biological properties. The present study was designed to evaluate neuroprotective and memory-enhancing effects of antioxidant peptide from walnut ( Juglans regia L.) protein hydrolysates. The neuroprotective effect of walnut peptide (WP) against oxidative stress on PC12 cells was evaluated. And zebrafish was used as the model to corroborate the effect. Its effect on learning and memory of mice using the Morris water maze and the step-down passive avoidance tests were performed. Moreover, the acute toxicity of WP was carried out to assess its safety profile. It was found that WP was able to suppress H2O2-induced cell death in PC12 cells. In the zebrafish model, WP had an obvious neuroprotective effect, and the ratio reached 42% at 222 µg/mL. The mechanism study revealed that WP could inhibit the activity of caspases 3/7 and 8, reduce the mRNA expression levels of Bax and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and improve the mRNA expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor significantly. Besides, the treatment of mice with WP shortened the escape latency and exhibited much longer target time and more crossing times significantly, compared with untreated control groups in the Morris water maze test. Similarly, the step-down passive avoidance test showed that WP could ameliorate memory impairments. The administrated dose (20.1 g/kg body weight [BW]) did not produce mortality or treatment-related adverse effects with regard to BW, general behavior, or relative organ weights of the tested male and female mice. The current results indicated that WP could exert neuroprotective effect, and attenuated learning and memory impairments. These ameliorating effects of WP may be useful for treatment of memory impairment in Alzheimer’s and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Liu
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Yang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yita Lee
- R&D Center, Sinphar Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ilan, Republic of China
| | - Junping Kou
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaojih Wang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- R&D Center, Sinphar Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ilan, Republic of China
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Memariani Z, Rahimi A, Farzaei MH, Zakaria Nejad N. Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse, an endemic species in Iran: A review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nepeta menthoides Boiss & Buhse is one of the endemic species in Iran. Named Ostokhodus, it is almost used as substitute of the Lavandula stoechas –the original Ostokhodus- in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) over the time and widely used for the management of some ailments such as anxiety, depression, dementia and chronic pain. The aim of this study is to review the pharmacological and phytochemical evidence on Nepeta menthoides for the assessment of the recommended traditional indications of this herb. In this review, all the relevant articles that met our inclusion criteria [English or Persian articles, having full text, evaluating therapeutic effects of N. menthoides and dated mainly from the year 1980 to 2018] were included by searching studies in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and SID. The search terms were "Nepeta menthoides, "Ostokhodus". Triterpenes and monoterpenes were the most chemicals reported from essential oil of N. menthoides. Several pharmacological properties via in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have been reported including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, antidepressant and anxiolytic, anticholinesterase, neuroprotective, memory enhancing, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, anticancer and effect on opioid dependence. Some proposed traditional indications of this herb in TPM books are in accordance with pharmacological evidence like anti-nociceptive, anti-seizure, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, memory enhancing, neuroprotective, antidepressant, anxiolytic activity and anti-infective properties. Although some properties in TPM, such as anti-tussive and gastrotonic effects are not supported by scientific evidence, they need more investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Atena Rahimi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Niloofar Zakaria Nejad
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Treatment of Meniere’s Disease with Persian Medicine: A Case Report. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ans.82409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Setayesh M, Zargaran A, Sadeghifar AR, Salehi M, Rezaeizadeh H. New candidates for treatment and management of carpal tunnel syndrome based on the Persian Canon of Medicine. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:126-135. [PMID: 29984174 PMCID: PMC6026351 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is defined as a compressing median mononeuropathy. CTS is one of the major costly debilitating diseases of the hand. Although CTS is a relatively recent concept in current medicine, some evidences show that medieval physicians in Persian medicine (PM) such as Avicenna were familiar with it. The PM textbook written by Avicenna, the Canon of Medicine, defines the anatomy of carpal tunnel and median nerve, as well as mononeuropathy; it also offers suggestions for the prevention and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (called as Vaja al-asab and Khadar) in the chapter of nerve diseases. The book describes not only symptoms including pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia, tingling, and numbness, but also its etiology such as nerve compression (entrapment neuropathy); nonphysical reasons such as disturbed balance among the four body humors; alteration in the nerve's temperament (Mizaj) that prevents the transmission of nerve impulses; and the others such as nutrition, mental condition, sleep, weather condition, body movements, and proper disposal of body waste. Furthermore, the book suggests a lifestyle modification method based on six factors and 10 prescriptions composed with 85 natural products that are not actively used for CTS treatment in modern times. The medicinal suggestions for CTS in the Canon of Medicine will be good candidates for discovering new treatments besides providing historical significance to the various insights considered 1000 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Setayesh
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arman Zargaran
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of History of Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Sadeghifar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Salehi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hossein Rezaeizadeh
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Firoozabadi A, Kolouri S, Zarshenas MM, Salehi A, Mosavat SH, Dastgheib SA. Efficacy of a freeze-dried aqueous extract of Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse in the treatment of anxiety in patients with depression: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. J Herb Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Rahmati B, Beik A. Prevention of morphine dependence and tolerance by Nepeta menthoides was accompanied by attenuation of Nitric oxide overproduction in male mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:39-51. [PMID: 28130112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Repeated administration of morphine for chronic pain leads to dependence and tolerance that limits clinical usage. Nepeta menthoides is commonly known as Iranian Ustukhuddoos and are administered in traditional medicine for gastrodynia, bone pain, blood depurative and restlessness. AIMS OF STUDY To investigate the effects of Nepeta menthoides on expression and acquisition of morphine dependence and tolerance in mice with regard to oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS Morphine dependence in mice was developed by administration of gradually increasing doses of morphine twice daily for 7 consecutive days. In experimental groups, administration of Nepeta menthoides (200 and 400mg/kg), methadone and their combination were performed 60min prior to each morphine injection (for acquisition) or the last injection of morphine on test day (for expression). Morphine tolerance was measured by the tail-immersion test before and after the administration of a single dose of morphine (100mg/kg; i.p.) on the test day (8th day). Morphine dependence was also evaluated by counting the number of jumps after the injection of naloxone (5mg/kg; i.p.). RESULTS Nepeta menthoides, similar to methadone, significantly prevented the development (but not the expression) of morphine dependence, tolerance, and potentiated morphine antinociception and also reduced (23.23±1.15) Nitric oxide (NO) overproduction (35.23±3.36) (in compared with naloxone group (6.3±0.52)). However, single and repeated application of the extract could not change high single-dose morphine analgesia. CONCLUSION It appears that Nepeta menthoides and methadone prevented morphine dependence and tolerance, partly through inhibition of the NO overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Rahmati
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, 1417953836 Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, 3319118651 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Beik
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, 3319118651 Tehran, Iran.
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The Effects of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Alone and in Combination With Nepeta menthoides on the Menstrual Bleeding in Students With Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.28941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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