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Bhattacharya S, Varshney S, Heidler P, Tripathi SK. Expanding the horizon for breast cancer screening in India through artificial intelligent technologies -A mini-review. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:1082884. [PMID: 36620183 PMCID: PMC9822715 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.1082884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer among Indian women, with an incidence of 25.8 per 100,000 women according to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Late detection is responsible for poor quality of life (QOL), and it is the leading cause of death. In metropolitan regions, one in every 22 women will have breast cancer over their lifetime; but in rural areas, one in every 60 women will develop breast cancer as per estimates. Aim and objective This paper aims to describe the various AI based breast screening technologies which are used in breast cancer screening in India. Methodology The literature search was done using "Pub Med," "Google scholar," and "Scopus" databases for the key terms "technology," "cancer research," "artificial intelligence," "mammography", "breast cancer," "cancer," and/or "neoplasia in breast." All the relevant articles were included to support this mini review. Results We found that emerging artificial intelligent technologies namely "Niramai", "iBreastExam," "MammoAssist" are emerging as an hope for early detection by screening in resource poor settings, in turn, which can improve the QOL among breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India,Correspondence: Sudip Bhattacharya Petra Heidler
| | - Saurabh Varshney
- Department of ENT (Otorhinolaryngology), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India
| | - Petra Heidler
- Department for Economy and Health, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria,Department of International Business and Export Management, IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems, Krems an der DonauAustria,Department of Health Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Pölten, Austria,Correspondence: Sudip Bhattacharya Petra Heidler
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Cascini F, Beccia F, Causio FA, Muscat NA, Ricciardi W. Editorial: Digitalization for precision healthcare. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1078610. [PMID: 36530708 PMCID: PMC9755876 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1078610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fidelia Cascini
- Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Beccia
- Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Flavia Beccia
| | - Francesco Andrea Causio
- Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Natasha Azzopardi Muscat
- Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Gaynor M, BeLue R, Tuttle-Newhall JE, Martin M, Patejdl F, Vogt C. Blockchain and population health. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022; 44:e530-e536. [PMID: 35333333 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blockchain technology has made great strides in many industries but has yet to impact the world of public health. Population health issues such as outbreak surveillance and controlled substance tracking during emergencies all require a secure, easily accessible database. While the healthcare industry is typically slow to adapt to change, blockchain technology lends itself well to many healthcare issues. METHODS We utilized a 3D framework using difficulty, novelty and necessity to examine the adoption of blockchain technology in population health, based on the 2D framework of difficulty and novelty as driving factors for the development of foundational technologies in the world of business by Iansiti and Lakhani in The Harvard Business Review. RESULTS We find that by implementing the third dimension of necessity into an evaluation framework, we can better predict the adoption of technology. We found how different areas of population health fit into the evaluation framework and how necessity can eliminate barriers from implementing novel technologies. CONCLUSION The byproduct of this paper will be the extension of the Iansiti and Lakhani framework. We will show that blockchain, in all of these domains, shows promise to improve population health as we move past COVID-19 and into the future of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gaynor
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63103, USA
| | - Rhonda BeLue
- Department Chair of Health Management and Policy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63103, USA
| | - J E Tuttle-Newhall
- Department Chair of Surgery, East Carolina University, Greeneville 27834, USA
| | - Maxwell Martin
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63103, USA
| | - Frank Patejdl
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63103, USA
| | - Clare Vogt
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis 63103, USA
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Bhattacharya S, Varshney S, Tripathi S. Harnessing public health with "metaverse" technology. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1030574. [PMID: 36530689 PMCID: PMC9750999 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, Jharkhand, India,*Correspondence: Sudip Bhattacharya
| | - Saurabh Varshney
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shailesh Tripathi
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Yik MHY, Wong VCWT, Wong TH, Shaw PC. HerBChain, a blockchain-based informative platform for quality assurance and quality control of herbal products. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:598-600. [PMID: 34765524 PMCID: PMC8572703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants is popular worldwide. Correct herbal authentication is of paramount importance to the safety and best interest of consumers. On the market, there is no comprehensive blockchain-based system to track the processes from plantation to manufacturing and to the sale. With the advancement of information technology, an open and transparent blockchain-based platform, HerBChain, was created to enhance the quality control of herbal products. The implementation of blockchain technology is to minimize the manipulation of recorded information. HerBChain is an information platform for recording the six important processes of herbal product manufacturing and marketing, which include plantation base, TCM processing factory, TCM manufacturer, testing laboratory, distributor and retailer. By duly recording the parameters and data essential for product quality in manufacturing and supply chain, the traceability and reliability of the products can be ensured. A blockchain-based informative platform, HerBChain, was established for the herbal industry. Plantation base, processing factory, manufacturer, testing laboratory, distributor and retailer are recorded. The traceability and reliability of herbal products can be ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mavis Hong-Yu Yik
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Center for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Tin-Hang Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Center for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China.,School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Application of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China
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Fatoum H, Hanna S, Halamka JD, Sicker DC, Spangenberg P, Hashmi SK. Blockchain Integration With Digital Technology and the Future of Health Care Ecosystems: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e19846. [PMID: 34726603 PMCID: PMC8596226 DOI: 10.2196/19846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT), digital data have become essential for our everyday functioning and in health care services. The sensitive nature of health care data presents several crucial issues such as privacy, security, interoperability, and reliability that must be addressed in any health care data management system. However, most of the current health care systems are still facing major obstacles and are lacking in some of these areas. This is where decentralized, secure, and scalable databases, most notably blockchains, play critical roles in addressing these requirements without compromising security, thereby attracting considerable interest within the health care community. A blockchain can be maintained and widely distributed using a large network of nodes, mostly computers, each of which stores a full replica of the data. A blockchain protocol is a set of predefined rules or procedures that govern how the nodes interact with the network, view, verify, and add data to the ledger. OBJECTIVE In this article, we aim to explore blockchain technology, its framework, current applications, and integration with other innovations, as well as opportunities in diverse areas of health care and clinical research, in addition to clarifying its future impact on the health care ecosystem. We also elucidate 2 case studies to instantiate the potential role of blockchains in health care. METHODS To identify related existing work, terms based on Medical Subject Headings were used. We included studies focusing mainly on health care and clinical research and developed a functional framework for implementation and testing with data. The literature sources for this systematic review were PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane library, in addition to a preliminary search of IEEE Xplore. RESULTS The included studies demonstrated multiple framework designs and various implementations in health care including chronic disease diagnosis, management, monitoring, and evaluation. We found that blockchains exhibit many promising applications in clinical trial management such as smart-contract application, participant-controlled data access, trustless protocols, and data validity. Electronic health records (EHRs), patient-centered interoperability, remote patient monitoring, and clinical trial data management were found to be major areas for blockchain usage, which can become a key catalyst for health care innovations. CONCLUSIONS The potential benefits of blockchains are limitless; however, concrete data on long-term clinical outcomes based on blockchains powered and supplemented by AI and IoT are yet to be obtained. Nonetheless, implementing blockchains as a novel way to integrate EHRs nationwide and manage common clinical problems in an algorithmic fashion has the potential for improving patient outcomes, health care experiences, as well as the overall health and well-being of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Fatoum
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sam Hanna
- School of Professional & Extended Studies, American University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - John D Halamka
- Mayo Clinic Platform, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Douglas C Sicker
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Peter Spangenberg
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kassab MH, Neto VVG, Destefanis G, Malas T. Could Blockchain Help With COVID-19 Crisis? IT PROFESSIONAL 2021; 23:44-50. [PMID: 35582212 PMCID: PMC8864936 DOI: 10.1109/mitp.2021.3072585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread all over the world at an unprecedented rate. With growing recognition of the distributed nature of health services, the technology of blockchain has recently reached the impetus of the healthcare domain. This article provides: 1) a panoramic overview of existing solutions and scenarios incorporating blockchain to combat COVID-19 in the healthcare domain along with their benefits and challenges; as well as 2) a framework that will facilitate new research activities on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tarek Malas
- University of Laval Quebec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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Royal A, Mali MA, Kumar V, Wagh IA, Bhushan S, Mokal AN, Mehta K, Bhattacharya S. Harnessing the potential of the primary healthcare facilities in India to respond COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping evidence-based research synthesis. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:116-121. [PMID: 34017712 PMCID: PMC8132786 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1609_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has resulted in an unprecedented loss of human lives and sufferings across the world. It has resulted in the collapse of public health systems and economy across the globe. As most of the national health systems lack organized surveillance infrastructure, resources, and expertise to respond to a pandemic, most of the countries failed to mount an effective response to contain the spread of this virus initially. As primary healthcare (PHC) has better access to the community, the settings where PHC services are inadequate or weak, hospitals are overwhelmed with patients, thus overburdening, and wasting meager specialist resources. PHC interventions can manage mild to moderate cases (>80% of total cases) and their contacts, along with addressing the needs of general population while only severe cases may require specialized hospital care. As PHC interventions have huge potential to tackle this pandemic, strengthening and inclusion of PHC in pandemic response could play a significant role in relieving the workload on secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities and minimizing loss of lives and its short and long term socioeconomic consequences. This article explores the scope and importance of strengthening PHC in breaking the chain of the transmission of this infectious disease, building an adequate response to minimize its disastrous consequences and prevent future emerging and reemerging disease outbreaks, if any.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Royal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marcelo Amaral Mali
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vaibhav Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, TPCT'S Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Indrani Alhad Wagh
- Medical Data Analyst, Vasta Bioinformatics, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Psychiatry Department, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Avishkar Nitin Mokal
- Private Dental Practitioner and Consulting Orthodontist, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kedar Mehta
- Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Science, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Bhattacharya S, Singh A. Why the tremendous potential of uploading health educational material on medical institutions' website remains grossly underutilized in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution? JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2020; 9:248. [PMID: 33209940 PMCID: PMC7652078 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_283_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the short span available for consultation with clinicians, patients try to become well versed with their clinical conditions before the medical consultation. They search Google for their medical information; here comes the problem of authenticity of the sources. It is very difficult to obtain authentic medical information for the patients from the Internet. As a result, sometimes, patients ask questions to the overburdened doctors and irritate them. To solve this problem and wider dissemination of authentic medical knowledge, the existing website of Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) has been utilized. In PGIMER, Chandigarh, health education materials in text and video formats have been uploaded on the PGIMER website for empowering patients. All these have been successfully tested in the outpatient departments of PGIMER, Chandigarh. To our knowledge, this unique approach is the first of its kind in India. We hope this approach of sharing medical information through the PGIMER website may help patient empowerment to a large extent. Later, this concept can be replicated in all medical colleges in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Egli A, Schrenzel J, Greub G. Digital microbiology. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1324-1331. [PMID: 32603804 PMCID: PMC7320868 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digitalization and artificial intelligence have an important impact on the way microbiology laboratories will work in the near future. Opportunities and challenges lie ahead to digitalize the microbiological workflows. Making efficient use of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in clinical microbiology requires a profound understanding of data handling aspects. OBJECTIVE This review article summarizes the most important concepts of digital microbiology. The article gives microbiologists, clinicians and data scientists a viewpoint and practical examples along the diagnostic process. SOURCES We used peer-reviewed literature identified by a PubMed search for digitalization, machine learning, artificial intelligence and microbiology. CONTENT We describe the opportunities and challenges of digitalization in microbiological diagnostic processes with various examples. We also provide in this context key aspects of data structure and interoperability, as well as legal aspects. Finally, we outline the way for applications in a modern microbiology laboratory. IMPLICATIONS We predict that digitalization and the usage of machine learning will have a profound impact on the daily routine of laboratory staff. Along the analytical process, the most important steps should be identified, where digital technologies can be applied and provide a benefit. The education of all staff involved should be adapted to prepare for the advances in digital microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Egli
- Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - J Schrenzel
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Greub
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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How Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Can Help Better Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093176. [PMID: 32370204 PMCID: PMC7246824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV2 is a novel coronavirus, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic declared by the World Health Organization. Thanks to the latest advancements in the field of molecular and computational techniques and information and communication technologies (ICTs), artificial intelligence (AI) and Big Data can help in handling the huge, unprecedented amount of data derived from public health surveillance, real-time epidemic outbreaks monitoring, trend now-casting/forecasting, regular situation briefing and updating from governmental institutions and organisms, and health facility utilization information. The present review is aimed at overviewing the potential applications of AI and Big Data in the global effort to manage the pandemic.
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