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Fan Y, Li X, Ding L, Zhou W, Xu G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ni Q. Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Gardeniae Fructus and Its Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and PC12 Cell Protective Activities. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112805. [PMID: 34829086 PMCID: PMC8622743 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gardeniae fructus is a common neuroprotective medicinal food in China, however the extraction efficiency and mixture activities are rarely mentioned. In this study, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) parameters were optimized by a response surface methodology to extract antioxidants from Gardeniae fructus. Neuroprotective activity was evaluated using H2O2 and amyloid-β25–35 peptide-treated PC12 cells. By comparing with three other extract methods (i.e., heated refluxing extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)), it was found that the yield (35.10%), total iridoids (27.69%), total flavonoid (6.12%) content, antioxidant activities (IC50 on DPPH, 164.46 µg/mL; FRAP value 4703.54 μmol/L), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory ability (IC50 92.58 µg/mL) of ASE extract under the optimal condition (150 °C temperature, 10 min static time, 60% ethanol, 2 extract cycles) were significantly higher than other extract methods. The strongest ability to protect PC12 cells from damage was also present in ASE extract, as evidenced by decreasing lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde levels, elevating superoxide dismutase and glutathioneperoxidase activities. Compositional analysis indicated that the extremely high crocetin level in ASE extract (1.30 μg/mg) may offer great potential. Our results indicated that ASE is a proper extraction method that could offer great potential for finding the neuroprotective ability of Gardeniae fructus for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Fan
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xueying Li
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lan Ding
- Agricultural and Forestry Technology Extension Center of Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Weiying Zhou
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Guangzhi Xu
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Youzuo Zhang
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qinxue Ni
- Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (G.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15858191911
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Ding M, Jiang Y, Yu X, Zhang D, Li J, Wang H, Shen J, Gao XM, Chang YX. Screening of Combinatorial Quality Markers for Natural Products by Metabolomics Coupled With Chemometrics. A Case Study on Pollen Typhae. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:691. [PMID: 30002628 PMCID: PMC6033115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products, especially for traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), are of great importance to cure diseases. Yet it was hard to screen the influential quality markers for monitoring the quality. A simple and comprehensive strategy was developed and validated to screen for the combinatorial quality markers for precise quality evaluation and discrimination of natural products. In this study, Pollen Typhae (PT) and it's processed products carbonized PT were selected as the representative case. Firstly, metabolomics data of 49 batches crude PT and carbonized PT was obtained by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Then, metabolomics approaches were performed to screen for the potential markers that lead to the quality difference. Finally, chemometric methods were used to validate the accuracy of combinatorial quality markers. Thus, 42 compounds were identified from PT, 5 markers (isorhamnetin-3-O-(2G-α-L-rhamnosyl)-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, astragalin, kaempferol and umbelliferone) were successfully screened, identified, quantified and regarded as combinatorial quality markers for precise quality evaluation of crude and carbonized PT. It was demonstrated that the established comprehensively strategy provide an efficient tool for precise quality evaluation of natural products from the whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingya Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiean Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayuan Shen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiu-mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Analysis of the Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus atrophaeus GQJK17 Reveals Its Biocontrol Characteristics as a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9473542. [PMID: 30046614 PMCID: PMC6038694 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9473542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus atrophaeus GQJK17 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Lycium barbarum L. in China, which was shown to be a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium as a new biological agent against pathogenic fungi and gram-positive bacteria. We present its biological characteristics and complete genome sequence, which contains a 4,325,818 bp circular chromosome with 4,181 coding DNA sequences and a G+C content of 43.3%. A genome analysis revealed a total of 8 candidate gene clusters for producing antimicrobial secondary metabolites, including surfactin, bacillaene, fengycin, and bacillibactin. Some other antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting genes were also discovered. Our results provide insights into the genetic and biological basis of B. atrophaeus strains as a biocontrol agent for application in agriculture.
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