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Simon P, Lőrinczi B, Szatmári I. Alkoxyalkylation of Electron-Rich Aromatic Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6966. [PMID: 39000077 PMCID: PMC11241777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alkoxyalkylation and hydroxyalkylation methods utilizing oxo-compound derivatives such as aldehydes, acetals or acetylenes and various alcohols or water are widely used tools in preparative organic chemistry to synthesize bioactive compounds, biosensors, supramolecular compounds and petrochemicals. The syntheses of such molecules of broad relevance are facilitated by acid, base or heterogenous catalysis. However, degradation of the N-analogous Mannich bases are reported to yield alkoxyalkyl derivatives via the retro-Mannich reaction. The mutual derivative of all mentioned species are quinone methides, which are reported to form under both alkoxy- and aminoalkylative conditions and via the degradation of the Mannich-products. The aim of this review is to summarize the alkoxyalkylation (most commonly alkoxymethylation) of electron-rich arenes sorted by the methods of alkoxyalkylation (direct or via retro-Mannich reaction) and the substrate arenes, such as phenolic and derived carbocycles, heterocycles and the widely examined indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Simon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bálint Lőrinczi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HUN REN SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Assadzadeh F, Eshghi H, Afrough T. An Efficient One-Pot and Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Heterocyclic Systems of 5,6-Dihydrobenzo[b]Pyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]Oxazepine. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Assadzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Eshghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Toktam Afrough
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Fast and efficient regioselective synthesis of a novel eight membered ring system, 5H-benzo[f]pyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocine. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02758-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Afrough T, Bakavoli M, Eshghi H, Tajabadi J, Mague J. Regioselective synthesis of new 5H,10H-dipyrimido[2,1-b:4′,5′-d][1,3]thiazine: a combined experimental and computational study. J Sulphur Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2019.1576685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Afrough
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakavoli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Eshghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Tajabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Joel Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
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Firoozi N, Bakavoli M, Eshghi H, Ramazanian N, Akbarzadeh M. Synthesis of pyrimido[4′,5′:5,6][1,4]dithiepino[2,3-b]quinoxalines: Derivatives of a novel seven membered ring system. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2016.1248290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Firoozi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakavoli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Eshghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Ramazanian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Kraljević TG, Petrović M, Krištafor S, Makuc D, Plavec J, Ross TL, Ametamey SM, Raić-Malić S. Methoxymethyl (MOM) group nitrogen protection of pyrimidines bearing C-6 acyclic side-chains. Molecules 2011; 16:5113-29. [PMID: 21694675 PMCID: PMC6264546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16065113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel N-methoxymethylated (MOM) pyrimidine (4−13) and pyrimidine-2,4-diones (15−17) nucleoside mimetics in which an isobutyl side-chain is attached at the C-6 position of the pyrimidine moiety were synthesized. Synthetic methods viaO-persilylated or N-anionic uracil derivatives have been evaluated for the synthesis of N-1- and/or N-3-MOM pyrimidine derivatives with C-6 acyclic side-chains. A synthetic approach using an activated N-anionic pyrimidine derivative afforded the desired N,N-1,3-diMOM and N-1-MOM pyrimidines 4 and 5 in good yield. Introduction of fluorine into the side-chain was performed with DAST as the fluorinating reagent to give a N,N-1,3-diMOM pyrimidine 13 with a 1-fluoro-3-hydroxyisobutyl moiety at C-6. Conformational study of the monotritylated N-1-MOM pyrimidine 12 by the use of the NOE experiments revealed the predominant conformation of the compound to be one where the hydroxymethyl group in the C-6 side-chain is close to the N-1-MOM moiety, while the OMTr is in proximity to the CH3-5 group. Contrary to this no NOE enhancements between the N-1-MOM group and hydroxymethyl or fluoromethyl protons in 13 were observed, which suggested a nonrestricted rotation along the C-6 side-chain. Fluorinated N,N-1,3-diMOM pyrimidine 13 emerged as a model compound for development of tracer molecules for non-invasive imaging of gene expression using positron emission tomography (PET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazivoda Kraljević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; (T.G.K.); (S.R.-M.); Tel.: +385-1-4597-213; Fax: +385-1-4597-224
| | - Martina Petrović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Svjetlana Krištafor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damjan Makuc
- Slovenian NMR centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Centre of Exellence, Dunajska 156, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Centre of Exellence, Dunajska 156, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tobias L. Ross
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Fritz-Strassmann Weg 2, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Simon M. Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvana Raić-Malić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; (T.G.K.); (S.R.-M.); Tel.: +385-1-4597-213; Fax: +385-1-4597-224
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Seven-membered ring systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(05)80338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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