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Qin L, Yao S, Meng W, Zhang J, Shi R, Zhou C, Wu J. Novel antibacterial dental resin containing silanized hydroxyapatite nanofibers with remineralization capability. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1989-2002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Development of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin with added benzalkonium chloride or cetylpyridinium chloride as antimicrobial restorative materials for root caries. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104838. [PMID: 34555621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To develop antimicrobial restorative materials for root caries, we assessed a 4-META/MMA-TBB resin (Bondfill SB Plus, Sun Medical) containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC) or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) at 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 wt%. The same resin without antibacterial agent was used as control. The degree of conversion was measured by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The 3-point flexural strength test was conducted according to ISO 4049. The antimicrobial effect against three oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, and Actinomyces naeslundii) was assessed using agar diffusion tests. The shear bond strength to root dentin was assessed after 24 h of storage in water with or without 10,000 thermal cycles. The shear bond strength data were statistically compared using a linear mixed-effects model (α = 0.05). The specimen with 5.0 wt% BAC showed a significantly higher degree of conversion than the control, but it also had significantly lower flexural strength and lower shear bond strength after thermal cycling than the other specimens. When BAC or CPC was added at ≥ 2.5 wt%, the resins inhibited the growth of the three investigated microbes. In conclusion, both BAC and CPC showed significant antimicrobial effects when added at 5.0 wt% to the 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. Up to 2.5 wt%, neither antimicrobial agent affected the degree of conversion, flexural strength, or shear bond strength of the resin.
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Meher Vineesha C, Varma DPK, Bhupathi PA, Priya CVP, Anoosha M, Harsha GVD. Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Effects of Nanoparticle-Incorporated Orthodontic Primer: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0301574220988182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objectives: To compare and evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of various nanoparticles incorporated in orthodontic primer with that of conventional antimicrobial agents at different concentrations on Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans) strain. Materials and Methods: Transbond XT Primer was mixed with 2.5% and 5% benzalkonium chloride (BAC), 0.2% and 2.5% chlorhexidine, 1% and 3% titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, 0.2% and 0.5% nanohydroxyapatite, and 0.2% and 0.5% silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite powders. Antibacterial activity against S. mutans for all the materials was evaluated by the disk diffusion method for periods of 48 (T1) and 72 (T2) hours. Results: There was a significant increase in the antimicrobial activity of the orthodontic primer modified by the addition of antibacterial agents. The highest zone of inhibition against S. mutans was observed for silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite of 0.5% (11.03 mm) among all the nanoparticles, which was similar to the conventional antibacterial agents used in our study. Conclusions: • Among all the groups, BAC at 5% concentration showed the highest antimicrobial activity, and the least activity was exhibited by 1% TiO2 nanoparticles. • Silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite at 0.5% expressed the greatest antibacterial activity among all the nanoparticles. • All the materials showed sustained antibacterial activity even after 72 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheepurupalli Meher Vineesha
- Anil Neerukonda Instiutute of Dental Sciences, Sangivalasa, Thagarapuvalasa, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - CV Padma Priya
- Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Anoosha
- Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - GVD Harsha
- Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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4
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Bhadila G, Baras BH, Weir MD, Wang H, Melo MAS, Hack GD, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Novel antibacterial calcium phosphate nanocomposite with long-term ion recharge and re-release to inhibit caries. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:678-689. [PMID: 32295987 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-term studies on calcium-phosphate (CaP) ion-rechargeable composites were reported. The long-term rechargeability is important but unknown. The objectives of this study were to investigate nanocomposite with strong antibacterial and ion-recharge capabilities containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP), and evaluate long-term ion-recharge by testing for 12 cycles (taking 6 months to complete) for the first time. Three groups were tested: (1) Heliomolar control; (2) Resin+20%NACP+50%glass; (3) Resin+3%DMAHDM+20%NACP+50%glass. Biofilm acid and colony-forming units (CFU) were measured. Ion-recharge was tested for 12 cycles. NACP-DMAHDM composite reduced biofilm acid, and reduced CFU by 4 logs. High levels of ion releases were maintained throughout 12 cycles of recharge, maintaining steady-state releases without reduction in 6 months (p>0.1), representing long-term remineralization potential. Bioactive nanocomposite demonstrated long-term ion-rechargeability for the first time, showed remineralization and potent anti-biofilm functions, with promise for tooth restorations to combat caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghalia Bhadila
- Biomedical Sciences, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz University
| | - Bashayer H Baras
- Biomedical Sciences, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Mary Ann S Melo
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Gary D Hack
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry.,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine
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5
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Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Formulations. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5975-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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6
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do Amaral GS, Negrini T, Maltz M, Arthur RA. Restorative materials containing antimicrobial agents: is there evidence for their antimicrobial and anticaries effects? A systematic review. Aust Dent J 2016; 61:6-15. [PMID: 26018839 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic literature review was to investigate whether the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into dental restorative materials truly exerts an antimicrobial effect against common cariogenic bacteria (primary outcome), and whether the inclusion of antimicrobial agents is able to prevent caries around restorations (secondary outcome). MEDLINE, via PubMed, was searched for papers published between 1980 and 30 November 2014. A total of 1126 articles were retrieved. After inclusion/exclusion assessment, 147 full text articles were read and included in the review, comprising 130 in vitro, 1 in situ, and 4 in vivo studies, as well as 12 literature reviews. In about 78% of in vitro studies, and in all identified in situ and in vivo studies, a positive antimicrobial effect had been found. However, the anticaries effect had not been tested in any of the selected studies. It was concluded that there is indeed evidence that restorative dental materials containing antimicrobial agents exert an antimicrobial effect, both in laboratory and in clinical studies. However, no evidence has been found regarding the role of these agents in preventing or controlling dental caries, or in preventing caries around restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S do Amaral
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - T Negrini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M Maltz
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R A Arthur
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Nedeljkovic I, Teughels W, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Is secondary caries with composites a material-based problem? Dent Mater 2015; 31:e247-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Pupo YM, Farago PV, Nadal JM, Simão LC, Esmerino LA, Gomes OMM, Gomes JC. Effect of a novel quaternary ammonium methacrylate polymer (QAMP) on adhesion and antibacterial properties of dental adhesives. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:8998-9015. [PMID: 24853131 PMCID: PMC4057771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15058998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the resin–dentin bond strength (μTBS), degree of conversion (DC), and antibacterial potential of an innovative adhesive system containing a quaternary ammonium methacrylate polymer (QAMP) using in situ and in vitro assays. Forty-two human third molars were flattened until the dentin was exposed and were randomly distributed into three groups of self-etching adhesive systems: Clearfil™ SE Bond containing 5% QAMP (experimental group), Clearfil™ Protect Bond (positive control) and Clearfil™ SE Bond (negative control). After light curing, three 1 mm-increments of composite resin were bonded to each dentin surface. A total of thirty of these bonded teeth (10 teeth per group) was sectioned to obtain stick-shaped specimens and tested under tensile stress immediately, and after 6 and 12 months of storage in distilled water. Twelve bonded teeth (4 teeth per group) were longitudinally sectioned in a mesio-to-distal direction to obtain resin-bonded dentin slabs. In situ DC was evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. In vitro DC of thin films of each adhesive system was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro susceptibility tests of these three adhesive systems were performed by the minimum inhibitory/minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) assays against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, and Actinomyces naeslundii. No statistically significant difference in μTBS was observed between Clearfil™ SE Bond containing 5% QAMP and Clearfil™ SE Bond (p > 0.05) immediately, and after 6 and 12 months of water storage. However Clearfil™ Protect Bond showed a significant reduction of μTBS after 12 months of storage (p = 0.039). In addition, QAMP provided no significant change in DC after incorporating into Clearfil™ SE Bond (p > 0.05). Clearfil™ SE Bond containing 5% QAMP demonstrated MIC/MBC values similar to the positive control against L. casei and A. naeslundii and higher than the negative control for all evaluated bacterial strains. The use of QAMP in an adhesive system demonstrated effective bond strength, a suitable degree of conversion, and adequate antibacterial effects against oral bacteria, and may be useful as a new approach to provide long-lasting results for dental adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine M Pupo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Vitor Farago
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Products, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - Jessica M Nadal
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Products, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - Luzia C Simão
- Multi-user Laboratory, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - Luís Antônio Esmerino
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - Osnara M M Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
| | - João Carlos Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
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Kim HJ, Kwon TY, Kim KH, Kwon ST, Cho DH, Son JS. Long-term release of chlorhexidine from dental adhesive resin system using human serum albumin nanoparticles. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Kim SR, Shin DH. Antibacterial effect of self-etching adhesive systems on Streptococcus mutans. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:32-8. [PMID: 24516827 PMCID: PMC3916503 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2014.39.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of self-etching adhesive systems against Streptococcus mutans using the agar diffusion method. Materials and Methods Three 2-step systems, Clearfil SE Bond (SE, Kuraray), Contax (CT, DMG), and Unifil Bond (UnB, GC), and three 1-step systems, Easy Bond (EB, 3M ESPE), U-Bond (UB, Vericom), and All Bond SE (AB, BISCO) were used. 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX, Bukwang) and 37% phosphoric acid gel (PA, Vericom) were used as positive controls. Results The antibacterial activity of CHX and PA was stronger than that of the other groups, except SE. After light activation, the inhibition zone was reduced in the case of all 2-step systems except CT. However, all 1-step systems did not exhibit any inhibition zone upon the light activation. Conclusions SE may be better than CT or UnB among the 2-step systems with respect to antibacterial activity, however, 1-step systems do not exhibit any antibacterial activity after light curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dankook University College of Dentistry and Institute of Dental Science, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dankook University College of Dentistry and Institute of Dental Science, Cheonan, Korea
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11
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Dorozhkin SV. Self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations. J Funct Biomater 2013; 4:209-311. [PMID: 24956191 PMCID: PMC4030932 DOI: 10.3390/jfb4040209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are bioactive and biodegradable grafting bioceramics in the form of a powder and a liquid. After mixing, both phases form pastes, which set and harden forming either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite or brushite. Since both of them are remarkably biocompartible, bioresorbable and osteoconductive, self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations appear to be promising bioceramics for bone grafting. Furthermore, such formulations possess excellent molding capabilities, easy manipulation and nearly perfect adaptation to the complex shapes of bone defects, followed by gradual bioresorption and new bone formation. In addition, reinforced formulations have been introduced, which might be described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. The discovery of self-setting properties opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates and many commercial trademarks have been introduced as a result. Currently such formulations are widely used as synthetic bone grafts, with several advantages, such as pourability and injectability. Moreover, their low-temperature setting reactions and intrinsic porosity allow loading by drugs, biomolecules and even cells for tissue engineering purposes. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent bioceramics suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.
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Komlev VS, Fadeeva IV, Barinov SM, Rau JV, Fosca M, Gurin AN, Gurin NA. Phase Development During Setting and Hardening of a Bone Cement Based on α-Tricalcium and Octacalcium Phosphates. J Biomater Appl 2011; 26:1051-68. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328210390403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the phase development in the cement system α-TCP–OCP with phosphoric acid as a setting liquid was studied. The most promising formulation of α-TCP (60 wt%) and OCP (40 wt%) is proposed. This cement has the following characteristics: setting time 10 min, pH = 6.7, the compressive strength about 30 MPa, and high dissolution rate in an isotonic solution; the final wt% composition of α-TCP/DCPD/HA/OCP equals 27/38/20/15. Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction techniques were used for in situ monitoring of the processes taking place in the cement in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S. Komlev
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 49, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna V. Fadeeva
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 49, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Barinov
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 49, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100–00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fosca
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100–00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexey N. Gurin
- Federal Public Institution ‘Central Scientific Research Institute of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Federal Agency for High-Tech Medical Assistance,’ Timura Frunze 16, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Gurin
- Federal Public Institution ‘Central Scientific Research Institute of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Federal Agency for High-Tech Medical Assistance,’ Timura Frunze 16, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Saito K, Hayakawa T, Kuwahara NS, Kasai K. Antibacterial Activity and Bond Strength to Enamel of Catechin-Incorporated 4-META/MMA-TBB Resin as an Orthodontic Adhesive Resin. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.20.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Uoda H, Matsuda E, Yamamoto T, Mori H. Preparation and Evaluation of Octacalcium Phosphate Bone Precursor Transformable to Apatite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4164/sptj.48.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Repairing collagen in dentin carious lesions. Influence of sealing the material: a morphometric study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010; 34:223-8. [PMID: 20578659 DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.34.3.ut5444720r61375h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work was to morphometrically evaluate collagen in carious lesions sealed with calcium hydroxide, adhesive systems, glass ionomer cement, and an antibacterial cement. STUDY DESIGN Samples of infected and affected dentin were stained with Sirius Red (SR). The areas intensively stained with SR were delimited, and the percentage of these areas was measured by blind calibrated examiners. The mean results were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS The affected dentin sealed with Ca(OH)2 showed a better organization of the collagen in relation to the adhesive systems Prime & Bond (p = .0159) and Adhese (p < 0.0001). The affected dentin sealed with Prime & Bond promoted better increase of organized collagen areas in relation to Adhese (p = 0.0004). The infected dentin sealed with glass ionomer cement (p = 0.0018) or antibacterial cement (p = 0.0004) brought a significant increase in the organized collagen areas. CONCLUSIONS Ca(OH)2 is indicated to seal affected dentin and glass ionomer cement and antibacterial cement may be used for treatment of infected dentin. The addition of antibiotics did not influence the restoration of the infected dentin.
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Kwon TY, Hong SH, Kim YK, Kim KH. Antibacterial effects of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin containing chlorhexidine. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 92:561-7. [PMID: 20024968 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 4-acryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butylborane (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin containing chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate. The CHX was incorporated into the resins at varying concentrations from 0.0 (control) to 3.0%. The antibacterial effect of each resin against seven microorganisms was examined using agar diffusion tests. Growth inhibition of two streptococci was also tested in brain heart infusion (BHI) liquid broth containing each resin. Release of CHX was analyzed using HPLC, and enamel and dentin bond strengths of each resin were measured. In the agar diffusion tests, growth of all the microorganisms was inhibited by the resin specimens containing CHX at 1.0% or higher except for Enterococcus faecalis. There was greater sensitivity in Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus than in the other bacteria tested. Complete growth inhibition of these two streptococci was observed in BHI liquid broth containing 1.0-1.5% or greater CHX-incorporated resin. According to HPLC analysis, 1.0% and 1.5% CHX-containing resins released means of 3.63 and 8.59 microg/mL of CHX, respectively. Specimens with 0.5-1.5% and 0.5-2.0% CHX exhibited no significant reduction in enamel and dentin bond strengths, respectively, when compared to the control (p > 0.05). This in vitro study suggested that incorporation of 1.0-1.5% CHX digluconate into the 4-META resin is optimal in terms of antibacterial effects and bond strength to the tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yub Kwon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-412, Korea
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Saito K, Hayakawa T, Kawabata R, Meguro D, Kasai K. In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxicity assessments of an orthodontic bonding agent containing benzalkonium chloride. Angle Orthod 2009; 79:331-7. [PMID: 19216609 DOI: 10.2319/120907-578.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of an orthodontic bonding material containing an antibacterial agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Superbond C&B (4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane [4-META/MMA-TBB]) resin was mixed with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to obtain final BAC concentrations of 0.25%, 0.75%, 1.25%, 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (wt/ wt). Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus was evaluated by soaking the BAC-resin in distilled water at 37 degrees C for periods of 30, 90, and 180 days. Antibacterial activity of the BAC-resin was measured by the disk diffusion method, and the inhibition zone around each sample was measured and recorded. For evaluation of cytotoxicity, BAC-resin samples were put into cell culture inserts placed above human gingival cells and were incubated at 37 degrees C for 1, 3, and 6 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. RESULTS The antibacterial activity of BAC-incorporated resin samples decreased significantly after immersion in water for 180 days, regardless of BAC concentration. The antibacterial activity of nonimmersed resin containing 0.25% or 1.75% BAC was comparable with that of 5.0% BAC-resin immersed for 180 days. In cytotoxicity tests, most cells died when exposed to resins containing 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5% BAC. No difference was observed between resins containing 0.25% and 0.75% BAC at 1, 3, and 6 days of culture. CONCLUSIONS The addition of BAC to 4-META/MMA-TBB resin confers an antibacterial effect even after immersion in water, and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin containing 0.25% to 0.75% BAC has no significant cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Saito
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan.
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Li F, Chen J, Chai Z, Zhang L, Xiao Y, Fang M, Ma S. Effects of a dental adhesive incorporating antibacterial monomer on the growth, adherence and membrane integrity of Streptococcus mutans. J Dent 2009; 37:289-96. [PMID: 19185408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was attempted to incorporate an antibacterial monomer, methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB), into a commercial dental adhesive and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the DMAE-CB-incorporated adhesive after being cured against Streptococcus mutans. METHODS DMAE-CB was incorporated at 3% (w/v) into a clinically used dental adhesive, Single Bond 2. Single Bond 2 without DMAE-CB was served as a negative control; Clearfil Protect Bond, containing an intensively researched antibacterial monomer MDPB, was enrolled as a positive control. The effects of the cured adhesives and their eluents on the growth of S. mutans were determined by film contact test and absorbance measurement, respectively. The effects of the cured adhesives on the adherence and membrane integrity of S. mutans were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in conjunction with fluorescent indicators. RESULTS Compared with negative control, the cured DMAE-CB-incorporated dental adhesive and positive control were found to exhibit inhibitory effect on the growth of S. mutans (P<0.05), whereas their eluents did not show detectable antibacterial activity. Moreover, the fluorescence analysis of CLSM images demonstrated that the cured DMAE-CB-incorporated adhesive and positive control could hamper the adherence of S. mutans and exert detrimental effect on bacterial membrane integrity (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of DMAE-CB can render dental adhesive with contact antibacterial activity after polymerization via influencing the growth, adherence and membrane integrity of S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Xi Road 145, Xi'an, China
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Gondim JO, Duque C, Hebling J, Giro EMA. Influence of human dentine on the antibacterial activity of self-etching adhesive systems against cariogenic bacteria. J Dent 2008; 36:241-8. [PMID: 18276056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incorporation of antibacterial agents into adhesive systems has been proposed to eliminate residual bacteria from dentine. This study used the agar diffusion method to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Clearfil Protect Bond (CPB), Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB), Clearfil Tri-S Bond (C3SB) and Xeno-III (XIII) self-etching adhesive systems, with or without light-activation, against cariogenic bacteria, and to assess the influence of human dentine on the antibacterial activity of these materials. METHODS An aliquot of 10 microl per material (and individual components) were pipetted onto paper and dentine discs distributed in Petri dishes containing bacterial culture in BHI agar. Positive control was 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). RESULTS After incubation, the adhesive components of CPB and CSEB, liquid A of XIII and C3SB did not present antibacterial activity when applied to paper discs. The non-light-activated CPB primer+adhesive promoted the greatest inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (p<0.05), whereas with light-activation, there was no significant difference between primer+adhesive and primer alone. For Lactobacillus acidophilus, CPB primer presented the greatest antibacterial activity in both light-activation conditions (p<0.05). Regarding the dentine discs, only CHX promoted an inhibitory effect, though less intense than on paper discs (p<0.05). CHX presented greater antibacterial activity against S. mutans than against L. acidophilus (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Light-activation significantly reduced the antibacterial activity of the self-etching adhesive systems; MDPB incorporation contributed to the effect of adhesive systems against cariogenic bacteria; the components eluted from the adhesive systems were not capable to diffuse through 400 microm-thick dentine disc to exert their antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana O Gondim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Saito K, Hayakawa T, Kawabata R, Meguro D, Kasai K. Antibacterial Activity and Shear Bond Strength of 4-Methacryloxyethyl Trimellitate Anhydride/Methyl Methacrylate-Tri-n-butyl Borane Resin Containing an Antibacterial Agent. Angle Orthod 2007; 77:532-6. [PMID: 17465666 DOI: 10.2319/0003-3219(2007)077[0532:aaasbs]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To produce an antibacterial adhesive for orthodontic bonding without compromising the mechanical property. MATERIALS AND METHODS We added benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to the Superbond C&B (4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane [4-META/MMA-TBB]), a resin that exhibits a strong bonding strength between enamel and bracket. BAC concentrations in the BAC composites were 0.25%, 0.75%, 1.25%, 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5% (wt/wt). Antibacterial activity of the BAC composite was measured by the disk diffusion method. BAC-composite discs were placed on the surface of the agar inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, and the plates were incubated at 37 degrees C. After 48 hours of incubation, the inhibition zone around each sample was measured and recorded. The BAC-modified composite was used to bond metal brackets to the phosphoric acid-etched enamel surface of human premolars. The shear bond strengths were measured after immersion in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. RESULTS The BAC-composite samples showed significant (P < .0001) antibacterial activity compared with the control. Measurable zones of bacterial inhibition increased as the BAC content in test samples increased. The shear bond strength declined with the increase in BAC concentration in the composite. A significant difference was found between the control composite and composites containing 1.25%, 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5% BAC (P < .05). No significant difference was found between the control composite and composites containing 0.25% and 0.75% BAC. However, shear bond strengths of the modified composites ranged from 10.12 MPa to 20.94 MPa. CONCLUSIONS These results confirmed that BAC-modified 4-META/MMA-TBB resin has a possibility for clinical application as an orthodontic bonding adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Saito
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
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Abstract
This paper reviews the research conducted on the evaluation of antibacterial properties of commercial composites and adhesive systems, in addition to the discussion on many attempts to achieve antibacterial composites or adhesives. With regard to composites, commercially available products including fluoride-releasing materials have no antibacterial effect after being cured, which may explain why composites accumulate more plaque than other filling materials. The attempts to provide composites with antibacterial properties involve alterations to the resin components and filler components, and the trials can be subsequently classified into two groups based on the release profile of antibacterial components; agent-releasing or non-agent-releasing materials. Each type of antibacterial composite has advantages and disadvantages, and further modifications are needed to achieve clinically useful materials. Among proprietary dentin bonding systems (DBS), the products which contain glutaraldehyde or have an acidic property exhibit some antibacterial effects. However, the antibacterial properties shown by these products are only side-effects which are derived from the constituents included to produce superior bonding characteristics, and appear to be unreliable. Inclusion of antibacterial components into DBS has also been attempted using several methods, and the results of in vitro tests indicate that some of the trials seem promising. It is worthy of continuing the attempts to develop DBS which can inhibit invading bacteria after the placement of restoration as well as residual bacteria in the cavity. Achievement of bio-functional composites or DBS with therapeutic effects would contribute to prevent secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Imazato S, Kinomoto Y, Tarumi H, Ebisu S, Tay FR. Antibacterial activity and bonding characteristics of an adhesive resin containing antibacterial monomer MDPB. Dent Mater 2003; 19:313-9. [PMID: 12686296 DOI: 10.1016/s0109-5641(02)00060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to investigate the antibacterial activity of an adhesive resin incorporating the antibacterial monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) as well as its bonding characteristics in terms of bond strength into dentin and curing ability. METHODS An experimental adhesive resin was prepared by incorporation of 2.5% MDPB into proprietary adhesive (LB Bond), and the inhibitory effect of cured specimen against the growth of Streptococcus mutans on its surface was determined. Bond strength to human dentin and degree of conversion of the experimental adhesive in combination with 1, 2, or 5% MDPB-containing primers, which were previously reported to possess bactericidal effect, were evaluated by conventional tensile bond strength test and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS The cured experimental adhesive exhibited an inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth, reducing the number of bacteria to approximately 3% of control adhesive without MDPB. Tensile bond strength of experimental adhesive was not significantly different from that of the control (p>0.05), and use in combination with MDPB-containing primer did not show any adverse influence on bond strength. The degree of conversion of the bonding system was not different (p>0.05) between control and experimental adhesive irrespective of addition of MDPB into primer. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that an adhesive resin with antibacterial activity after curing could be produced by incorporation of MDPB without influencing bond strength or curing performance, suggesting that the comprehensive bonding system including MDPB-containing primer and adhesive should be highly effective in its antibacterial effect before and after curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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