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Gao W, Lu J, Yang Z, Li E, Cao Y, Xie L. Mitotic Functions and Characters of KIF11 in Cancers. Biomolecules 2024; 14:386. [PMID: 38672404 PMCID: PMC11047945 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitosis mediates the accurate separation of daughter cells, and abnormalities are closely related to cancer progression. KIF11, a member of the kinesin family, plays a vital role in the formation and maintenance of the mitotic spindle. Recently, an increasing quantity of data have demonstrated the upregulated expression of KIF11 in various cancers, promoting the emergence and progression of cancers. This suggests the great potential of KIF11 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. However, the molecular mechanisms of KIF11 in cancers have not been systematically summarized. Therefore, we first discuss the functions of the protein encoded by KIF11 during mitosis and connect the abnormal expression of KIF11 with its clinical significance. Then, we elucidate the mechanism of KIF11 to promote various hallmarks of cancers. Finally, we provide an overview of KIF11 inhibitors and outline areas for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yufei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.G.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.G.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (E.L.)
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2
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Sun RF, He N, Zhang GY, Yu ZY, Li LS, Ma ZJ, Jiao ZY. Combined Inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 as an Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Gastric Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2023; 23:293-306. [PMID: 35713129 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220616122846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently required to improve clinical outcomes of gastric cancer (GC). KIF15 cooperates with KIF11 to promote bipolar spindle assembly and formation, which is essential for proper sister chromatid segregation. Therefore, we speculated that the combined inhibition of KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective strategy for GC treatment. Hence, to test this hypothesis, we aimed to evaluate the combined therapeutic effect of KIF15 inhibitor KIF15- IN-1 and KIF11 inhibitor ispinesib in GC. METHODS We validated the expression of KIF11 and KIF15 in GC tissues using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Next, we determined the effects of KIF11 or KIF15 knockout on the proliferation of GC cell lines. Finally, we investigated the combined effects of the KIF11 and KIF15 inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS KIF11 and KIF15 were overexpressed in GC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. Knockout of either KIF11 or KIF15 inhibited the proliferative and clonogenic abilities of GC cells. We found that the KIF15 knockout significantly increased ispinesib sensitivity in GC cells, while its overexpression showed the opposite effect. Further, using KIF15-IN-1 and ispinesib together had a synergistic effect on the antitumor proliferation of GC both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION This study shows that the combination therapy of inhibiting KIF11 and KIF15 might be an effective therapeutic strategy against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Fei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na He
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng-Yuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Yuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Shun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jian Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Yi Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Duan X, Luo M, Li J, Shen Z, Xie K. Overcoming therapeutic resistance to platinum-based drugs by targeting Epithelial–Mesenchymal transition. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008027. [PMID: 36313710 PMCID: PMC9614084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs (PBDs), including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, have been widely used in clinical practice as mainstay treatments for various types of cancer. Although there is firm evidence of notable achievements with PBDs in the management of cancers, the acquisition of resistance to these agents is still a major challenge to efforts at cure. The introduction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) concept, a critical process during embryonic morphogenesis and carcinoma progression, has offered a mechanistic explanation for the phenotypic switch of cancer cells upon PBD exposure. Accumulating evidence has suggested that carcinoma cells can enter a resistant state via induction of the EMT. In this review, we discussed the underlying mechanism of PBD-induced EMT and the current understanding of its role in cancer drug resistance, with emphasis on how this novel knowledge can be exploited to overcome PBD resistance via EMT-targeted compounds, especially those under clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Duan
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Maochao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Xie, ; Zhisen Shen,
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Xie, ; Zhisen Shen,
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4
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Guido BC, Brandão DC, Barbosa ALA, Vianna MJX, Faro L, Ramos LM, Nihi F, de Castro MB, Neto BAD, Corrêa JR, Báo SN. Exploratory comparisons between different anti-mitotics in clinically-used drug combination in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1920-1936. [PMID: 34548908 PMCID: PMC8448514 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes a very aggressive type of breast cancer with few options of cytotoxic chemotherapy available for them. A chemotherapy regimen comprising of doxorubicin hydrochloride and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel, known as AC-T, is approved for usage as an adjuvant treatment for this type of breast cancer. In this study we aimed to elucidate the role of KIF11 in TNBC progression throughout its inhibition by two synthetic small molecules containing the DHPM core (dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones or -thiones), with the hypothesis that these inhibitors could be an interesting option of antimitotic drug used alone or as adjuvant therapy in association with AC. For this purpose, we evaluated the efficacy of DHPMs used as monotherapy or in combination with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, in Balbc-nude mice bearing breast cancer induced by MDA-MB-231, having AC-T as positive control. Our data provide extensive evidence to demonstrate that KIF11 inhibitors showed pronounced antitumor activity, acting in key points of tumorigenesis and cancer progression in in vivo xenograft model of triple negative breast cancer, like down-regulation of KIF11 and ALDH1-A1. Moreover, they didn’t show the classic peripheral neuropathy characterized by impaired mobility, as it is common with paclitaxel use. These results suggest that the use of a MAP inhibitor in breast cancer regimen treatment could be a promising strategy to keep antitumoral activity reducing the side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cândido Guido
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Douglas Cardoso Brandão
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Augusto Barbosa
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Monique Jacob Xavier Vianna
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Faro
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Machado Ramos
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Organic Syntesis, Exact and Technological Sciences Campus, State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás 75001-970, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Nihi
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Botelho de Castro
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute, University of Brasília, Brasília 70904-900, Brazil
| | - José Raimundo Corrêa
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia Nair Báo
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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Wu B, Hu C, Kong L. ASPM combined with KIF11 promotes the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1154. [PMID: 34504599 PMCID: PMC8393588 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) in the regulation of the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), bioinformatics analysis was utilized to analyze the role of ASPM in the malignant progression of HCC and its potential interaction with the kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) gene. The expression levels of ASPM and KIF11 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Following knockdown of ASPM expression, Cell Counting Kit-8/colony formation assays were performed to detect cell viability and proliferation. Wound healing and Transwell assays were employed to detect cell migration and invasion. Additionally, a co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay was used to detect whether there was an interaction between ASPM and KIF11. KIF11 overexpression was performed to verify if ASPM exerted its effects via KIF11. ASPM was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and was closely associated with a poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Interference with ASPM expression markedly inhibited the viability, proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. Using a CO-IP assay, it was revealed that there was an interaction between ASPM and KIF11. Rescue experiments subsequently revealed the regulatory effects of ASPM on the activity, proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells via KIF11. Finally, western blot analysis demonstrated that ASPM in combination with KIF11 promoted the malignant progression of HCC by regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that ASPM may interact with KIF11 in HCC cells to promote the malignant progression of HCC via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Hu
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Identification of novel biomarkers involved in pulmonary arterial hypertension based on multiple-microarray analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226338. [PMID: 32886110 PMCID: PMC7494994 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening chronic cardiopulmonary disorder. However, studies providing PAH-related gene expression profiles are scarce. To identify hub genes involved in PAH, we investigate two microarray data sets from gene expression omnibus (GEO). A total of 150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma package. Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of DEGs mostly included mitotic nuclear division, ATPase activity, and Herpes simplex virus one infection. Ten hub genes from three significant modules were ascertained by Cytoscape (CytoHubba). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) plots showed that transcription elongation factor complex was the most significantly enriched gene set positively correlated with the PAH group. At the same time, solute proton symporter activity was the most significantly enriched gene set positively correlated with the control group. Correlation analysis between hub genes suggested that SMC4, TOP2A, SMC2, KIF11, KIF23, ANLN, ARHGAP11A, SMC3, SMC6 and RAD50 may involve in the pathogenesis of PAH. Then, the miRNA-target genes regulation network was performed to unveil the underlying complex association among them. Finally, RNA extracted from monocrotaline (MCT)-induced Rat-PAH model lung artery tissues were to conduct quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to validate these hub genes. In conclusion, our study offers new evidence for the underlying molecular mechanisms of PAH as well as attractive targets for diagnosis and treatment of PAH.
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7
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Kinesin family member 18B regulates the proliferation and invasion of human prostate cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:302. [PMID: 33753726 PMCID: PMC7985494 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Expression of kinesin family member 18B (KIF18B), an ATPase with key roles in cell division, is deregulated in many cancers, but its involvement in prostate cancer (PCa) is unclear. Here, we investigated the expression and function of KIF18B in human PCa specimens and cell lines using bioinformatics analyses, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence microscopy, and RT-qPCR and western blot analyses. KIF18B was overexpressed in PCa specimens compared with paracancerous tissues and was associated with poorer disease-free survival. In vitro, KIF18B knockdown in PCa cell lines promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis, while KIF18B overexpression had the opposite effects. In a mouse xenograft model, KIF18B overexpression accelerated and promoted the growth of PCa tumors. Bioinformatics analysis of control and KIF18B-overexpressing PCa cells showed that genes involved in the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway were significantly enriched among the differentially expressed genes. Consistent with this observation, we found that KIF18B overexpression activates the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway in PCa cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that KIF18B plays a crucial role in PCa via activation of the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway, and raise the possibility that KIF18B could have utility as a novel biomarker for PCa.
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8
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Ogawa LM, Buhagiar AF, Abriola L, Leland BA, Surovtseva YV, Baserga SJ. Increased numbers of nucleoli in a genome-wide RNAi screen reveal proteins that link the cell cycle to RNA polymerase I transcription. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:956-973. [PMID: 33689394 PMCID: PMC8108525 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-10-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoli are dynamic nuclear condensates in eukaryotic cells that originate through ribosome biogenesis at loci that harbor the ribosomal DNA. These loci are known as nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), and there are 10 in a human diploid genome. While there are 10 NORs, however, the number of nucleoli observed in cells is variable. Furthermore, changes in number are associated with disease, with increased numbers and size common in aggressive cancers. In the near-diploid human breast epithelial cell line, MCF10A, the most frequently observed number of nucleoli is two to three per cell. Here, to identify novel regulators of ribosome biogenesis we used high-throughput quantitative imaging of MCF10A cells to identify proteins that, when depleted, increase the percentage of nuclei with ≥5 nucleoli. Unexpectedly, this unique screening approach led to identification of proteins associated with the cell cycle. Functional analysis on a subset of hits further revealed not only proteins required for progression through the S and G2/M phase, but also proteins required explicitly for the regulation of RNA polymerase I transcription and protein synthesis. Thus, results from this screen for increased nucleolar number highlight the significance of the nucleolus in human cell cycle regulation, linking RNA polymerase I transcription to cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Amber F Buhagiar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Laura Abriola
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Bryan A Leland
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Yulia V Surovtseva
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Susan J Baserga
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.,Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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Zhang X, Powell K, Li L. Breast Cancer Stem Cells: Biomarkers, Identification and Isolation Methods, Regulating Mechanisms, Cellular Origin, and Beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3765. [PMID: 33327542 PMCID: PMC7765014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer (BC) is still a major cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small but significant subpopulation of heterogeneous breast cancer cells demonstrating strong self-renewal and proliferation properties. Accumulating evidence has proved that BCSCs are the driving force behind BC tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. As a heterogeneous disease, BC contains a full spectrum of different BC subtypes, and different subtypes of BC further exhibit distinct subtypes and proportions of BCSCs, which correspond to different treatment responses and disease-specific outcomes. This review summarized the current knowledge of BCSC biomarkers and their clinical relevance, the methods for the identification and isolation of BCSCs, and the mechanisms regulating BCSCs. We also discussed the cellular origin of BCSCs and the current advances in single-cell lineage tracing and transcriptomics and their potential in identifying the origin and lineage development of BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 320B Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | | | - Lang Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 320B Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
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Zhou L, Wu Y, Xin L, Zhou Q, Li S, Yuan Y, Wang J, Wu D. Development of RNA binding proteins expression signature for prognosis prediction in gastric cancer patients. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:6775-6792. [PMID: 33194072 PMCID: PMC7653620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It was reported that the expression of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in malignant tumors is dysregulated and is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, some studies have confirmed the role of RBPs in gastric cancer (GC). We obtained data on gastric cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and identified RBPs that are dysregulated between gastric normal and cancer tissues. Then, we systematically investigated the expression characteristics and clinical prognostic potential of these RBPs through bioinformatics methods. We found 278 dysregulated RBPs in the GC, 91 of which were up-regulated and 181 were down-regulated. We detected 4 hub RBPs (HNRNPL, PABPN1, PCF, SNRPN) are related to overall survival (OS), and 3 hub RBPs (EEF1A2, MRPS5, PCF1) are related to disease-specific survival (DSS), and furthermore, we constructed prognostic signatures. Analysis of the OS and DSS signature showed that the GC patients with high-risk groups have worse OS and DSS than the low-risk groups. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of the 5-year survival rate of OS and DSS prognosis signature were drawn, and the areas under the two curves were 0.62 and 0.64, respectively. We constructed nomograms to predict OS and DSS, and evaluated by the calibration curve, which showed the GC prediction ability of these two models. Furthermore, the expression of the above six genes was verified by PCR, which is consistent with our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Xin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiwu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dengzhong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Yousefnia S, Seyed Forootan F, Seyed Forootan S, Nasr Esfahani MH, Gure AO, Ghaedi K. Activated coagulation time in monitoring heparinized dogs. Am J Vet Res 1981; 10:452. [PMID: 32426267 PMCID: PMC7212408 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are the minor population of breast cancer (BC) cells that exhibit several phenotypes such as migration, invasion, self-renewal, and chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy resistance. Recently, BCSCs have been more considerable due to their capacity for recurrence of tumors after treatment. Recognition of signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in stemness phenotypes of BCSCs could be effective for discovering novel treatment strategies to target BCSCs. This review introduces BCSC markers, their roles in stemness phenotypes, and the dysregulated signaling pathways involved in BCSCs such as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), TGF-β, hedgehog (Hh), Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hippo pathway. In addition, this review presents recently discovered molecular mechanisms implicated in chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BCSCs. Finally, we reviewed the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in BCSCs as well as several other therapeutic strategies such as herbal medicine, biological agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, nanoparticles, and microRNAs, which have been more considerable in the last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Yousefnia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzad Seyed Forootan
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Farzad Seyed Forootan ;
| | - Shiva Seyed Forootan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Osmay Gure
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Ali Osmay Gure
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Kamran Ghaedi ; ;
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