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Boerth EM, Gong J, Roffler B, Thompson CM, Song B, Malley SF, Hirsch A, MacLennan CA, Zhang F, Malley R, Lu YJ. Induction of Broad Immunity against Invasive Salmonella Disease by a Quadrivalent Combination Salmonella MAPS Vaccine Targeting Salmonella Enterica Serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Typhi, and Paratyphi A. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1671. [PMID: 38006003 PMCID: PMC10675568 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are most frequently attributed to invasive Salmonella disease caused by four primary serovars of Salmonella enterica: Typhi, Paratyphi A, Typhimurium, and Enteritidis. We showed previously that a bivalent vaccine targeting S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A using a Multiple Antigen-Presenting System (MAPS) induced functional antibodies against S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi. In the current study, we describe the preclinical development of a first candidate quadrivalent combination Salmonella vaccine with the potential to cover all four leading invasive Salmonella serotypes. We showed that the quadrivalent Salmonella MAPS vaccine, containing Vi from S. Typhi, O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) from S. Paratyphi A, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium, combined with the Salmonella-specific protein SseB, elicits robust and functional antibody responses to each of the components of the vaccine. Our data indicates that the application of MAPS technology to the development of vaccines targeting invasive forms of Salmonella is practical and merits additional consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Boerth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joyce Gong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky Roffler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Claudette M. Thompson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Boni Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sasha F. Malley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Angelika Hirsch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Calman A. MacLennan
- Enteric & Diarrheal Diseases, Global Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 500 5th Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard Malley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ying-Jie Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Multiple immunodominant O-epitopes co-expression in live attenuated Salmonella serovars induce cross-protective immune responses against S. Paratyphi A, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010866. [PMID: 36228043 PMCID: PMC9595534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (S. enterica) is a significant public health concern and is estimated to cause more than 300,000 deaths annually. Nowadays, the vaccines available for human Salmonellosis prevention are all targeting just one serovar, i.e., S. Typhi, leaving a huge potential risk of Salmonella disease epidemiology change. In this study, we explored the strategy of multiple immunodominant O-epitopes co-expression in S. enterica serovars and evaluated their immunogenicity to induce cross-immune responses and cross-protections against S. Paratyphi A, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. We found that nucleotide sugar precursors CDP-Abe and CDP-Par (or CDP-Tyv) could be utilized by S. enterica serovars simultaneously, exhibiting O2&O4 (or O4&O9) double immunodominant O-serotypes without obvious growth defects. More importantly, a triple immunodominant O2&O4&O9 O-serotypes could be achieved in S. Typhimurium by improving the substrate pool of CDP-Par, glycosyltransferase WbaV and flippase Wzx via a dual-plasmid overexpressing system. Through immunization in a murine model, we found that double or triple O-serotypes live attenuated vaccine candidates could induce significantly higher heterologous serovar-specific antibodies than their wild-type parent strain. Meanwhile, the bacterial agglutination, serum bactericidal assays and protection efficacy experiments had all shown that these elicited serum antibodies are cross-reactive and cross-protective. Our work highlights the potential of developing a new type of live attenuated Salmonella vaccines against S. Paratyphi A, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis simultaneously.
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