1
|
Teymoori F, Asghari G, Farhadnejad H, Nazarzadeh M, Atifeh M, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Various proline food sources and blood pressure: substitution analysis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:332-340. [PMID: 31460809 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1650004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of total proline intake, proline of various food sources, and substitution analysis for proline of food sources with blood pressure (BP) and 3.1-year incidence of hypertension in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The cohort consisted of 4287 participants (41.9% male), aged ≥ 20-70 years. In fully-adjusted model, individuals in the highest tertile for proline intake had an increased risk of incident hypertension than those in the lowest one (OR: 1.45; 95%CI: 1.06-1.97; p for trend: .017). Replacing proline of cheese and legumes source with that of yogurt, poultry, milk, and red meat source was associated with significant negative β coefficient for BP. The present study indicated that high dietary intakes of proline may increase the risk of incident hypertension. Also, substituting proline intake of cheese and legumes by those of proline intake of meats and milk is associated with a lower risk of high BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Teymoori
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Nazarzadeh
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,The Collaboration Center of Meta-Analysis Research, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mitra Atifeh
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Szpetnar M, Hordyjewska A, Malinowska I, Golab P, Kurzepa J. The fluctuation of free amino acids in serum during acute ischemic stroke. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2016-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Currently, little data exists regarding the involvement of free amino acids (AA) in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Thus, our objective was to study the degree of the degree of fluctuation of free amino acids level in serum during the acute phase of IS. The study consisted of eighteen patients (female/male: 10/8; age: 73.1 ± 4.1) with acute IS that was confirmed by way of computed tomography, while twelve sex and age matched individuals were assigned as control group. During the study period, the patients did not receive any supplemental amino acids therapy that could affect the obtained results. The venous blood was obtained after >3 hours fasting at two time-points; time-point 1 – at admission to the hospital; time-point 2 – on day 5 from stroke onset. The blood for control purposes was collected only once, and the blood collection at time-point 1 was done before thrombolytic treatment (nine patients). The amino acids were identified using the Amino Acids Analyser (AAA 400) by INGOS Corp., Praha, Czech Republic. Our results revealed a statistically significant increase of glutamate, cystine and methionine on day 1 of stroke, in comparison to control, whereas, proline level was decreased on day 1 of stroke – in comparison to control serum. On comparing day 5 to the initial day of IS, elevation was observed of levels of asparagine, glycine, tyrosine, arginine, threonine, valine, leucine and phenylalanine. It can be said, then, that ischemic stroke induces both essential and nonessential amino acid fluctuations. Moreover, the decrease in proline and glutamine serum level with the simultaneous increase in the concentration of branch chain amino acids, Glu and Thr suggests a violent mobilization of the body’s proteins. Thus, a decrease of Pro and a simultaneous increase of Glu serum level could be considered as a marker of acute IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Szpetnar
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Hordyjewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Malinowska
- Department of Mathematics, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Golab
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Holy Family Specialist Hospital in Rudna Mala, Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takemoto Y. Functional cardiovascular action of l-cysteine microinjected into pressor sites of the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat. Amino Acids 2013; 46:863-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1651-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
4
|
Lopes-Azevedo S, Scopinho AA, Busnardo C, Aguiar Corrêa FM. Cardiovascular effects of the microinjection of L-proline into the third ventricle or the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in unanesthetized rats. J Neurosci Res 2012; 90:2183-92. [PMID: 22740501 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the cardiovascular effects of the microinjection of L-proline (L-Pro) into the third ventricle (3V) and its peripheral mechanisms. Different doses of L-Pro into the 3V caused dose-related pressor and bradycardiac responses. The pressor response to L-Pro injected into the 3V was potentiated by intravenous pretreatment with the ganglion blocker pentolinium (5 mg/kg), thus excluding any significant involvement of the sympathetic nervous system. Because the response to the microinjection of L-Pro into the 3V was blocked by intravenous pretreatment with the V1-vasopressin receptor antagonist dTyr(CH(2) )(5) (Me)AVP (50μg/kg), it is suggested that these cardiovascular responses are mediated by a vasopressin release. The pressor response to the microinjection of L-Pro into the 3V was found to be mediated by circulating vasopressin, so, given that the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is readily accessible from the 3V, we investigated whether the PVN could be a site of action for the L-Pro microinjected in the 3V. The microinjection of L-Pro (0.033 μmoles/0.1 μl) into the PVN caused cardiovascular responses similar to those of injection of the 3V and were also shown to be mediated by vasopressin release. In conclusion, these results show that the microinjection of L-Pro into the 3V causes pressor and bradycardiac responses that could involve stimulation of the magnocellular cells of the PVN and release of vasopressin into the systemic circulation. Also, because the microinjection of L-Pro into the PVN caused a pressor response, this is the first evidence of cardiovascular effects caused by its injection in a supramedullary structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Lopes-Azevedo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Takemoto Y. Amino acids that centrally influence blood pressure and regional blood flow in conscious rats. JOURNAL OF AMINO ACIDS 2012; 2012:831759. [PMID: 22690328 PMCID: PMC3368589 DOI: 10.1155/2012/831759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional roles of amino acids have increasingly become the focus of research. This paper summarizes amino acids that influence cardiovascular system via the brain of conscious rats. This paper firstly describes why amino acids are selected and outlines how the brain regulates blood pressure and regional blood flow. This section includes a concise history of amino acid neurotransmitters in cardiovascular research and summarizes brain areas where chemical stimulations produce blood pressure changes mainly in anesthetized animals. This is followed by comments about findings regarding several newly examined amino acids with intracisternal stimulation in conscious rats that produce changes in blood pressure. The same pressor or depressor response to central amino acid stimulations can be produced by distinct mechanisms at central and peripheral levels, which will be briefly explained. Thereafter, cardiovascular actions of some of amino acids at the mechanism level will be discussed based upon findings of pharmacological and regional blood flow measurements. Several examined amino acids in addition to the established neurotransmitter amino acids appear to differentially activate brain structures to produce changes in blood pressure and regional blood flows. They may have physiological roles in the healthy brain, but pathological roles in the brain with cerebral vascular diseases such as stroke where the blood-brain barrier is broken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Takemoto
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi-cho 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|