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Yona A, Fridman M. Poacic Acid, a Plant-Derived Stilbenoid, Augments Cell Wall Chitin Production, but Its Antifungal Activity Is Hindered by This Polysaccharide and by Fungal Essential Metals. Biochemistry 2024; 63:1051-1065. [PMID: 38533731 PMCID: PMC11025111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Climate and environmental changes have modified the habitats of fungal pathogens, inflicting devastating effects on livestock and crop production. Additionally, drug-resistant fungi are increasing worldwide, driving the urgent need to identify new molecular scaffolds for the development of antifungal agents for humans, animals, and plants. Poacic acid (PA), a plant-derived stilbenoid, was recently discovered to be a novel molecular scaffold that inhibits the growth of several fungi. Its antifungal activity has been associated with perturbation of the production/assembly of the fungal cell wall β-1,3-glucan, but its mode of action is not resolved. In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity of PA and its derivatives on a panel of yeast. PA had a fungistatic effect on S. cerevisiae and a fungicidal effect on plasma membrane-damaged Candida albicans mutants. Live cell fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed that PA increases chitin production and modifies its cell wall distribution. Chitin production and cell growth returned to normal after prolonged incubation. The antifungal activity of PA was reduced in the presence of exogenous chitin, suggesting that the potentiation of chitin production is a stress response that helps the yeast cell overcome the effect of this antifungal stilbenoid. Growth inhibition was also reduced by metal ions, indicating that PA affects the metal homeostasis. These findings suggest that PA has a complex antifungal mechanism of action that involves perturbation of the cell wall β-1,3-glucan production/assembly, chitin production, and metal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yona
- School of Chemistry, Raymond
& Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond
& Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Cai X, Li B, Li X, Dang H, Wang D, Pei Z, Feng X, Ren X, Kong Q. Characteristic Structures of Different Stilbenes Distinguish the Impact on Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis Intermediate Pathway and Metabolites of Aspergillus carbonarius. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7996-8007. [PMID: 37192315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we accurately pinpointed the inhibition sites of ochratoxin A (OTA) synthesis pathway in Aspergillus carbonarius acted by stilbenes from the perspective of oxidative stress and comprehensively explored the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of natural polyphenolic substances and their biochemical properties of antitoxin. To facilitate the application of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for real-time tracking of pathway intermediate metabolite content, the synergistic effect of Cu2+-stilbenes self-assembled carriers was utilized. Cu2+ increased the generation of reactive oxygen species to accumulate mycotoxin content, while stilbenes had the inhibitory effect. The impact of the m-methoxy structure of pterostilbene on A. carbonarius was found to be superior to that of resorcinol and catechol. The m-methoxy structure of pterostilbene acted on the key regulator Yap1, downregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and accurately inhibited the halogenation step of the OTA synthesis pathway, thus accumulating the content of OTA precursors. This provided a theoretical basis for the extensive and efficient application of a wide range of natural polyphenolic substances for postharvest disease control and quality assurance of grape products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cai
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Boqiang Li
- Chinese Academy Sciences, Institute of Botany, Key Lab Plant Resources, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Pei
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Feng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Qingjun Kong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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Tran TM, Atanasova V, Tardif C, Richard-Forget F. Stilbenoids as Promising Natural Product-Based Solutions in a Race against Mycotoxigenic Fungi: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5075-5092. [PMID: 36951872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mycotoxins can pose a variety of adverse health effects to mammals. Despite dozens of mycotoxin decontamination strategies applied from pre- to postharvest stages, it is always challenging to guarantee a safe level of these natural toxic compounds in food and feedstuffs. In the context of the increased occurrence of drug-resistance strains of mycotoxin-producing fungi driven by the overuse of fungicides, the search for new natural-product-based solutions is a top priority. This review aims to shed a light on the promising potential of stilbenoids extracted from renewable agricultural wastes (e.g., grape canes and forestry byproducts) as antimycotoxin agents. Deeper insights into the mode of actions underlying the bioactivity of stilbenoid molecules against fungal pathogens, together with their roles in plant defense responses, are provided. Safety aspects of these natural compounds on humans and ecology are discussed. Perspectives on the development of stilbenoid-based formulations using encapsulation technology, which allows the bypassing of the limitations related to stilbenoids, particularly low aqueous solubility, are addressed. Optimistically, the knowledge gathered in the present review supports the use of currently underrated agricultural byproducts to produce stilbenoid-abundant extracts with a high efficiency in the mitigation of mycotoxins in food and feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Minh Tran
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Vessela Atanasova
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Charles Tardif
- UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, UR OENOLOGIE, EA 4577, USC 1366, ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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LC-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolomics Approaches Applied to the Detection of Antifungal Compounds and a Metabolic Dynamic Assessment of Orchidaceae. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227937. [PMID: 36432039 PMCID: PMC9692279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics approach is a powerful technology for discovering novel biologically active molecules. In this study, we investigated the metabolic profiling of Orchidaceae species using LC-HRMS/MS data combined with chemometric methods and dereplication tools to discover antifungal compounds. We analyze twenty ethanolic plant extracts from Vanda and Cattleya (Orchidaceae) genera. Molecular networking and chemometric methods were used to discriminate ions that differentiate healthy and fungal-infected plant samples. Fifty-three metabolites were rapidly annotated through spectral library matching and in silico fragmentation tools. The metabolomic profiling showed a large production of polyphenols, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, chromones, stilbenoids, and tannins, which varied in relative abundance across species. Considering the presence and abundance of metabolites in both groups of samples, we can infer that these constituents are associated with biochemical responses to microbial attacks. In addition, we evaluated the metabolic dynamic through the synthesis of stilbenoids in fungal-infected plants. The tricin derivative flavonoid- and the loliolide terpenoidfound only in healthy plant samples, are promising antifungal metabolites. LC-HRMS/MS, combined with state-of-the-art tools, proved to be a rapid and reliable technique for fingerprinting medicinal plants and discovering new hits and leads.
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Navarro-Orcajada S, Conesa I, Vidal-Sánchez FJ, Matencio A, Albaladejo-Maricó L, García-Carmona F, López-Nicolás JM. Stilbenes: Characterization, bioactivity, encapsulation and structural modifications. A review of their current limitations and promising approaches. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7269-7287. [PMID: 35234546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Stilbenes are phenolic compounds naturally synthesized as secondary metabolites by the shikimate pathway in plants. Research on them has increased in recent years due to their therapeutic potential as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and anti-obesity agents. Amongst them, resveratrol has attracted the most attention, although there are other natural and synthesized stilbenes with enhanced properties. However, stilbenes have some physicochemical and pharmacokinetic problems that need to be overcome before considering their applications. Human clinical evidence of their bioactivity is still controversial due to this fact and hence, exhaustive basis science on stilbenes is needed before applied science. This review gathers the main physicochemical and biological properties of natural stilbenes, establishes structure-activity relationships among them, emphasizing the current problems that limit their applications and presenting some promising approaches to overcome these issues: the encapsulation in different agents and the structural modification to obtain novel stilbenes with better features. The bioactivity of stilbenes should move from promising to evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Navarro-Orcajada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Conesa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Vidal-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Albaladejo-Maricó
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Carmona
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
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Badalamenti N, Sottile F, Bruno M. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Biological, and Nutritional Properties of Genus Crepis-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040519. [PMID: 35214852 PMCID: PMC8875603 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Crepis L., included within the Asteraceae family, has a very wide distribution, expanding throughout the northern hemisphere, including Europe, northern Africa, and temperate Asia. This genus has a fundamental value from biodynamic and ecological perspectives, with the different species often being chosen for soil conservation, for environmental sustainability, and for their attraction towards pollinating species. Furthermore, various species of Crepis have been used in the popular medicine of several countries as medicinal herbs and food since ancient times. In most cases, the species is consumed either in the form of a decoction, or as a salad, and is used for its cardiovascular properties, as a digestive, for problems related to sight, for the treatment of diabetes, and for joint diseases. This literature review, the first one of the Crepis genus, includes publications with the word 'Crepis', and considers the single metabolites identified, characterised, and tested to evaluate their biological potential. The various isolated compounds, including in most cases sesquiterpenes and flavonoids, were obtained by extracting the roots and aerial parts of the different species. The secondary metabolites, extracted using traditional (solvent extraction, column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, preparative HPLC, vacuum liquid chromatography), and modern systems such as ultrasounds, microwaves, etc., and characterised by mono- and bi- dimensional NMR experiments and by HPLC-MS, have a varied application spectrum at a biological level, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, antiviral, antiulcer, phytotoxic, and nutritional properties having been reported. Unfortunately, in vitro tests have not always been accompanied by in vivo tests, and this is the major critical aspect that emerges from the study of the scientific aspects related to this genus. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to evaluate the real capacity of the different species used in food, and above all to discover what the different plants that have never been analysed could offer at a scientific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orleans II, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riuszo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riuszo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Corbu VM, Gheorghe I, Marinaș IC, Geană EI, Moza MI, Csutak O, Chifiriuc MC. Demonstration of Allium sativum Extract Inhibitory Effect on Biodeteriogenic Microbial Strain Growth, Biofilm Development, and Enzymatic and Organic Acid Production. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237195. [PMID: 34885775 PMCID: PMC8659052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the efficiency of Allium sativum hydro-alcoholic extract (ASE) againstFigure growth, biofilm development, and soluble factor production of more than 200 biodeteriogenic microbial strains isolated from cultural heritage objects and buildings. The plant extract composition and antioxidant activities were determined spectrophotometrically and by HPLC-MS. The bioevaluation consisted of the qualitative (adapted diffusion method) and the quantitative evaluation of the inhibitory effect on planktonic growth (microdilution method), biofilm formation (violet crystal microtiter method), and production of microbial enzymes and organic acids. The garlic extract efficiency was correlated with microbial strain taxonomy and isolation source (the fungal strains isolated from paintings and paper and bacteria from wood, paper, and textiles were the most susceptible). The garlic extract contained thiosulfinate (307.66 ± 0.043 µM/g), flavonoids (64.33 ± 7.69 µg QE/g), and polyphenols (0.95 ± 0.011 mg GAE/g) as major compounds and demonstrated the highest efficiency against the Aspergillus versicolor (MIC 3.12-6.25 mg/mL), A. ochraceus (MIC: 3.12 mg/mL), Penicillium expansum (MIC 6.25-12.5 mg/mL), and A. niger (MIC 3.12-50 mg/mL) strains. The extract inhibited the adherence capacity (IIBG% 95.08-44.62%) and the production of cellulase, organic acids, and esterase. This eco-friendly solution shows promising potential for the conservation and safeguarding of tangible cultural heritage, successfully combating the biodeteriogenic microorganisms without undesirable side effects for the natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Maria Corbu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Botanical Garden, 3 Intrarea Portocalelor St., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.C.); (O.C.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (M.C.C.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Gheorghe
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (M.C.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Botanical Garden, 3 Intrarea Portocalelor St., District 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (I.C.M.)
| | - Ioana Cristina Marinaș
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (M.C.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (I.C.M.)
| | - Elisabeta Irina Geană
- National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICIT, Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei St., 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Maria Iasmina Moza
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (M.C.C.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Botanical Garden, 3 Intrarea Portocalelor St., District 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ortansa Csutak
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Botanical Garden, 3 Intrarea Portocalelor St., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (V.M.C.); (O.C.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței St., District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (M.C.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Botanical Garden, 3 Intrarea Portocalelor St., District 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, 54 Spl. Independentei St., District 5, 50085 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy, 25, Calea Victoriei, Sector 1, District 1, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
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