A pictorial review of the pathophysiology and classification of the magnetic resonance imaging patterns of perinatal term hypoxic ischemic brain injury - What the radiologist needs to know…

This article provides a correlation of the pathophysiology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns identified on imaging of children with hypoxic ischemic brain injury (HIBI). The purpose of this pictorial review is to empower the reading radiologist with a simplified classification of the patterns of cerebral injury matched to images of patients demonstrating each subtype. A background narrative literature review was undertaken of the regional, continental and international databases looking at specific patterns of cerebral injury related to perinatal HIBI. In addition, a database of MRI studies accumulated over a decade (including a total of 314 studies) was analysed and subclassified into the various patterns of cerebral injury. Selected cases were annotated to highlight the areas involved and for ease of identification of the affected substrate in daily practice.

KEYWORDS

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy; Magnetic resonance imaging; Acute profound; Partial prolonged; Hypoxic ischemic brain injury; Ulegyria; Multicystic; Encephalopathy.