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Khadivi Y, Saeedpour M, Arjmandmazidi S, Nemati M, Monajjemzadeh F. Quantification of Arbutin and its degradation products, hydroquinone and p-Benzoquinone, in hyperpigmentation topical formulation: Effect of extraction procedure and interference assessment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116223. [PMID: 38763108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of Hydroquinone (HQ) in over-the-counter skincare items is subject to restrictions. Consequently, Arbutin (AR) serves as a reliable alternative for addressing hyperpigmentation in non-prescription topical formulations. Nevertheless, AR undergoes decomposition into HQ and p-Benzoquinone (BZ) when exposed to temperature stress, ultraviolet light, or dilution in an acidic environment, all of which can induce skin toxicity. The intention of this paper is to investigate the effect of extraction procedure on the conversion of AR to HQ and or BZ and to evaluate kinetics of AR hydrolysis to HQ. Meanwhile this study aims to evaluate AR and BZ interference with the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) identification and assessment method for HQ Hydrolytic stress during extraction conditions underwent optimization through systematic screening tests. Subsequent assessment of the residual drug and its degradation products were achieved by HPLC method. The resulting data were meticulously fitted to various kinetic models. To analyze the potential interference of AR in HQ measurement using USP method, the standard concentrations of AR and HQ were analyzed through UV-VIS spectrophotometry. For enhanced certainty, a validated HPLC method analysis was also conducted. Notably, the acid hydrolysis of AR exhibited independence from its initial concentration. So, the hydrolytic degradation of AR exhibited a Zero-order kinetic profile. Furthermore, the proven interference of AR in the UV-VIS spectrophotometry method was identified within the context of the USP method. This study successfully utilized an adopted HPLC method for the concurrent quantification of AR, HQ, and BZ. The potential interference of AR in the UV-VIS spectrophotometric assay for HQ may lead to false results especially for regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Khadivi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Midia Saeedpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Arjmandmazidi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboob Nemati
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Monajjemzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Brito de Oliveira Moreira O, Vinícius de Faria L, Matos RC, Enes KB, Costa Couri MR, de Oliveira MAL. Determination of hydroquinone and benzoquinone in pharmaceutical formulations: critical considerations on quantitative analysis of easily oxidized compounds. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4784-4794. [PMID: 36377694 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01631a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent used as an active ingredient in topical dermatological formulations prescribed for treating cutaneous diseases caused by hyperpigmentation. Despite being widely used, some toxicological aspects have been associated with these products, mainly due to overdosage and long-term use combined with the easy oxidation of hydroquinone. In this work, an investigative study has been done to gather enough data for selecting a quantitative analytical method for quality control purposes that considers the ease of oxidation not only within the product but also during the experimental procedures. After studying the influence of pH, reversibility, sampling, and standard solution preparation on the redox reaction between hydroquinone and benzoquinone by using spectroscopic, electrophoretic, and electroanalytical measurements, a reliable, fast, and selective chronoamperometric method was achieved. The optimized method was used for the analysis of samples, previously diluted in Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer (pH 5.5) and methanol (1 : 9, v/v), by applying a potential fixed at 0.4 V. A glassy-carbon working electrode, lab-made Ag/AgCl(sat) and platinum wire as a reference electrode and auxiliary electrodes, respectively, and BR buffer (pH 5.5) as supporting electrolyte were the additional experimental conditions used. Analytical performance parameters were verified to confirm the applicability of the new method (LOD 4.22 μmol L-1 and LOQ 14.1 μmol L-1; recovery mean value of 100% with 0.22% RSD). A gel topical formulation containing 4% (w/w) hydroquinone was analyzed through the developed method for determination of dosage and oxidation traces, and a content of 3.53 ± 0.095% (w/w) was found with no indications of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Vinícius de Faria
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Renato Camargo Matos
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Karine Braga Enes
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Mara Rúbia Costa Couri
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics - INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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3
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Zhou Z, Liu W, Li X, Li C, An R, Liang K, Wang X. Comparative pharmacokinetics of four major flavonoids in normal and chronic gastritis rats after oral administration of different combinations of Banxia Xiexin Decoction. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5458. [PMID: 35883246 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chronic gastritis (CG) has become a major threat to human health. Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXXXD) has been used clinically to treat gastritis by acting on the spleen and stomach for thousands of years. Baicalin, wogonoside, liquiritin and liquiritigenin, are the main bioactive flavonoids of BXXXD. A rapid, sensitive and selective HPLC-TQ-MS/MS method was developed to simultaneously quantify the four flavonoids in rat plasma in this study. With salidroside as internal standard (IS), plasma samples were extracted and separated on a Welch HPLC XB-C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) using gradient elution. An optimized gradient of mobile phase consisted of water (containing 0.1% formic acid) (A) and methanol (B) was used. Detection was implemented in MRM mode with an electrospray negative ionization source. Comparative pharmacokinetics of four analytes in normal and CG rats after oral administration of BXXXD or its different compatibilities were firstly investigated. Results indicated that the pharmacokinetic behaviors of analytes were obviously changed in CG rats. From the comparison between the whole prescription group and the compatibility groups, it was found that the pharmacokinetic behavior of analytes also changed to some extent. The pharmacokinetic alterations of analytes might be due to the pathological conditions of CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangzhenzu Liu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Li
- LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chan Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui An
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Zhao J, Kumar M, Sharma J, Yuan Z. Arbutin effectively ameliorates the symptoms of Parkinson's disease: the role of adenosine receptors and cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2030-2040. [PMID: 33642391 PMCID: PMC8343309 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.308102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An antagonistic communication exists between adenosinergic and dopaminergic signaling in the basal ganglia, which suggests that the suppression of adenosine A2A receptors-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway may be able to restore the disrupted dopamine transmission that results in motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Arbutin is a natural glycoside that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether arbutin could ameliorate the symptoms of PD and to examine the underlying mechanism. In this study, Swiss albino mouse models of PD were established by the intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine for 4 successive days, with the concurrent intraperitoneal administration of arbutin (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days. The results showed that arbutin significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, total nitrite levels, and inflammation in the substantia nigra and striatum of PD mouse models. In addition, arbutin decreased the activity of endogenous antioxidants, reduced the levels of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid, and minimized neurodegeneration in the striatum. Arbutin also reduced the abnormal performance of PD mouse models in the open field test, bar test, pole test, and rotarod test. The therapeutic efficacy of arbutin was similar to that of madopar. The intraperitoneal injection of the A2AR agonist CGS21680 (0.5 mg/kg) attenuated the therapeutic effects of arbutin, whereas the intraperitoneal injection of forskolin (3 mg/kg) enhanced arbutin-mediated improvements. These findings suggest that arbutin can improve the performance of PD mouse models by inhibiting the function of the A2AR and enhancing the effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (1616/PO/Re/S/12/CPCSEA) on November 17, 2019 (approval No. IAEC/2019/010).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura (Patiala), Punjab, India
| | - Jeevan Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura (Patiala), Punjab, India
| | - Zhihai Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Méndez D, Donoso-Bustamante V, Pablo Millas-Vargas J, Pessoa-Mahana H, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of acylhydroquinone derivatives as potent antiplatelet agents. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114341. [PMID: 33197432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are the smallest blood cells, and their activation (platelet cohesion or aggregation) at sites of vascular injury is essential for thrombus formation. Since the use of antiplatelet therapy is an unsolved problem, there are now focused and innovative efforts to develop novel antiplatelet compounds. In this context, we assessed the antiplatelet effect of an acylhydroquinone series, synthesized by Fries rearrangement under microwave irradiation, evaluating the effect of diverse acyl chain lengths, their chlorinated derivatives, and their dimethylated derivatives both in the aromatic ring and also the effect of the introduction of a bromine atom at the terminus of the acyl chain. Findings from a primary screening of cytotoxic activity on platelets by lactate dehydrogenase assay identified 19 non-toxic compounds from the 27 acylhydroquinones evaluated. A large number of them showed IC50 values less than 10 µM acting against specific pathways of platelet aggregation. The highest activity was obtained with compound 38, it exhibited sub-micromolar IC50 of 0.98 ± 0.40, 1.10 ± 0.26, 3.98 ± 0.46, 6.79 ± 3.02 and 42.01 ± 3.48 µM against convulxin-, collagen-, TRAP-6-, PMA- and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, respectively. It also inhibited P-selectin and granulophysin expression. We demonstrated that the antiplatelet mechanism of compound 38 was through a decrease in a central target in human platelet activation as in mitochondrial function, and this could modulate a lower response of platelets to activating agonists. The results of this study show that the chemical space around ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone moiety is a rich source of biologically active compounds, signaling that the acylhydroquinone scaffold has a promising role in antiplatelet drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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6
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Durak BY, Sel S, Bakırdere S. Accurate and Sensitive Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Arbutin in Blueberries and Characterization of Its Stability in Simulated Gastric Fluid and under Ultraviolet Irradiation. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1710523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Yılmaz Durak
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Sel
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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7
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Prabhu D, Ravikumar P. Novel user‐friendly night care spray to manage skin darkening. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1439-1446. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Van Noten N, Van Liefferinge E, Degroote J, De Smet S, Desmet T, Michiels J. Fate of Thymol and Its Monoglucosides in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Piglets. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5241-5248. [PMID: 32201813 PMCID: PMC7081444 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The monoterpene thymol has been proposed as a valuable alternative to in-feed antibiotics in animal production. However, the effectiveness of the antimicrobial is comprised by its fast absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In this work, two glucoconjugates, thymol α-d-glucopyranoside (TαG) and thymol β-d-glucopyranoside (TβG), were compared with free thymol for their potential to deliver higher concentrations of the active compound to the distal small intestine of supplemented piglets. Additionally, an analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of thymol and its glucoconjugates in different matrices. In stomach contents of pigs fed with 3333 μmol kg-1 thymol, TαG, or TβG, total thymol concentrations amounted to 3048, 2357, and 1820 μmol kg-1 dry matter, respectively. In glucoconjugate-fed pigs, over 30% of this concentration was present in the unconjugated form, suggesting partial hydrolysis in the stomach. No quantifiable levels of thymol or glucoconjugates were detected in the small intestine or cecum for any treatment, indicating that conjugation with one glucose unit did not sufficiently protect thymol from early absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Van Noten
- Department
of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elout Van Liefferinge
- Department
of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Degroote
- Department
of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- Department
of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Department
of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Michiels
- Department
of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- . Phone: +32 9/264.90.00
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9
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Méndez D, Urra FA, Millas-Vargas JP, Alarcón M, Rodríguez-Lavado J, Palomo I, Trostchansky A, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Synthesis of antiplatelet ortho-carbonyl hydroquinones with differential action on platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen or TRAP-6. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112187. [PMID: 32155530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Platelets have a major role in cardiovascular events as they bind to the damaged endothelium activating and forming thrombi. Although some hydroquinone scaffold-containing compounds have known antiplatelet activities, currently there is a lack of evidence on the antiplatelet activity of hydroquinones carrying electron attractor groups. In this work, we evaluate the antiplatelet effect of a series of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone derivatives on cytotoxicity and function of human platelets, using collagen and thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP-6) as agonists. Our structure-activity relationship study shows that gem-diethyl/methyl substitutions and the addition/modifications of the third ring of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone scaffold influence on the selective index (IC50 TRAP-6/IC50 Collagen) and the inhibitory capacity of platelet aggregation. Compounds 3 and 8 inhibit agonist-induced platelet aggregation in a non-competitive manner with IC50 values of 1.77 ± 2.09 μM (collagen) and 11.88 ± 4.59 μM (TRAP-6), respectively and show no cytotoxicity. Both compounds do not affect intracellular calcium levels and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Consistently, they reduce the expression of P-selectin, activation of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and release of adenosine triphosphate and CD63 from platelet. Our findings may be used for further development of new drugs in platelet-related thrombosis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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Ibrahim F, Sharaf El-Din MK, El-Deen AK, Shimizu K. A New HPLC-DAD Method for the Concurrent Determination of Hydroquinone, Hydrocortisone Acetate and Tretinoin in Different Pharmaceuticals for Melasma Treatment. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:495-501. [PMID: 30941396 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohie K Sharaf El-Din
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Kamal El-Deen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ahmadian SR, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Pouramir M, Sadeghi F. Arbutin attenuates cognitive impairment and inflammatory response in pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling model of epilepsy. Neuropharmacology 2019; 146:117-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondria-targeted quinone-and hydroquinone-derivatives: Review on new strategy of antiplatelet activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Comparative pharmacokinetics of six major bioactive components in normal and type 2 diabetic rats after oral administration of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction extracts by UPLC-TQ MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:248-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Kim J, Kim JI, Lee CW. Development and validation of a modified QuEChERS method coupled with LC-MS/MS to determine arbutin in pear peels. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:987-992. [PMID: 30263364 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A new effective method was developed to determine the concentration of arbutin in pear peels using a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The original QuEChERS was modified to enable the extraction of the polar arbutin molecule. Use of an initial 50:50 acetonitrile:water extraction solvent led to the highest extraction efficiency. The arbutin extracted from pear peels was found to be identical to the β-arbutin standard, as confirmed by NMR and LC-MS/MS analyses. For quantitative analysis, the mass spectra of the precursor ion [M+NH4]+ at m/z 290.0 and the product ion of arbutin at m/z 163.0 were used. The limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, precision, accuracy, and recovery of the proposed method were evaluated. We successfully applied this method to pear samples and it may be suitable for the quantitative analysis of arbutin in other similar plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jueun Kim
- 1Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- 2Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Korea
| | - Chul Won Lee
- 1Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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