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Huang YC, Lin PY, Lee Y, Lee CY, Lo YC, Hung CF, Chen CS. Metabolic syndrome components and leukocyte telomere length in patients with major depressive disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:483-492. [PMID: 34854357 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.2013091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) attrition in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. METHODS We recruited 70 MDD patients (mean age: 44.6 years, 60.0% female) and 51 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age: 41.2 years, 68.6% female) to examine the associations of MetS components and LTL. Five MetS components-waist circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, serum levels of fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides-were assessed. LTL was measured through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MDD had higher prevalence of MetS (34.3 vs. 17.6%, p=.042), low HDL-C (25.7 vs. 7.8%, p=.009) and shorter LTL (-0.038 ± 0.169 vs. 0.033 ± 0.213, p=.042). Regression analysis revealed that MDD (p=.046) and age (p=.003) associated with LTL, while a significant interaction effect of group (MDD vs. controls) × HDL-C (p=.037) was observed. Post-hoc analysis showed MDD with low HDL-C had greater LTL attrition than controls without low HDL-C (p=.020). In MDD, HDL-C dysregulation negatively correlated with LTL (p=.010); but no significance after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS HDL-C may be involved in accelerated ageing process regarding metabolic disturbance in MDD only. The relationship merits prospective investigations with larger sample size for clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fa Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Sheng Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Grover S, Chakravarty R, Mehra A, Chakrabarti S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly patients with depression. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jgmh.jgmh_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Nebhinani N, Sharma P, Suthar N, Pareek V, Kunwar D, Purohit P, Purohit P. Correlates of metabolic syndrome in patients with depression: A study from north-western India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1997-2002. [PMID: 33080542 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MS) is found to be prevalent in patients with mental illness including depression. Data is sparse on the role of lifestyle factors on MS in depression. METHODS This study was aimed to assess correlates of MS in patients with depression. METHODOLOGY Three hundred eighty-two patients with depressive disorders were assessed for the prevalence of MS by using modified National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria (NCEP ATP-III). Their illness severity, functionality, physical activity and nutritional habits were also assessed. CONCLUSIONS Majority of patients with depression (82.2%) were drug naive. One-fourth of the patients had metabolic syndrome (27.7%). Additionally, other 59% of patients had one or two metabolic abnormalities and one-third of patients were obese. Lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was the most common abnormality (65%), while abnormal blood pressure was the least common abnormality (18%). Significant correlates of MS were greater age, and age at onset of depression, greater illness duration, lesser physical activity and lower nutritional score. CONCLUSION Nearly one-fourth of patients with depression had MS; another three-fifth of patients had one or two metabolic abnormalities. MS was more commonly seen with sedentary lifestyle and poor nutritional habits. It calls for comprehensive assessment and timely management of cardiovascular risk factors as well as lifestyle factors in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Nebhinani
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Navratan Suthar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vrinda Pareek
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Deep Kunwar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Purohit
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Kucukgoncu S, Kosir U, Zhou E, Sullivan E, Srihari VH, Tek C. Glucose metabolism dysregulation at the onset of mental illness is not limited to first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:1021-1031. [PMID: 30277314 PMCID: PMC6445792 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the differences of glucose metabolism outcomes between treatment-naïve, patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and mood disorders. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of glucose intolerance in treatment-naïve, first episode patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). RESULTS We identified 31 eligible studies. Compared to healthy controls, FEP group have higher insulin and insulin resistance levels, and both groups have higher glucose tolerance test results. No significant differences were found in glucose metabolism outcomes between FEP and mood disorder groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight impaired glucose metabolism at the onset of SMIs, suggesting both patients with psychosis and mood disorders are high-risk groups for diabetes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Kucukgoncu
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Urska Kosir
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Elton Zhou
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Erin Sullivan
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vinod H Srihari
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Cenk Tek
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
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Nebhinani N, Sharma P, Pareek V, Suthar N, Jakhotia S, Gehlot M, Purohit P. Association of Inflammatory and Liver Markers with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Depression. Indian J Clin Biochem 2019; 34:219-224. [PMID: 31092997 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-018-0738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is found to be more prevalent in patients with psychiatric disorders including depression. This study aimed to assess the association of inflammatory and liver markers with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with Depressive disorders. Prevalence of MS by using Modified NCEP ATP-III Criteria and liver enzymes and CRP were assessed in 382 patients with depressive disorders. MS prevalence was 27.7% and lower HDL level was the commonest metabolic abnormality. ALT, GGT, and CRP levels were positively correlated with weight and BMI. ALT, GGT, and CRP levels were significantly greater in patients with abnormal waist circumference, triglyceride levels and raised blood pressure, compared to patients with normal indices. Such association was not found with abnormal HDL cholesterol and hyperglycemia. Levels of GGT and CRP were significantly greater in patients with MS compared to patients without MS and CRP was significant predictor for MS. To conclude, one-fourth of depressed patients had MS. MS and metabolic abnormalities were associated with inflammatory marker and liver enzymes. Patients with depression should be regularly evaluated for cardiovascular risk factors, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Nebhinani
- 1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- 2Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Vrinda Pareek
- 1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Navratan Suthar
- 1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Shobhan Jakhotia
- 1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Mukesh Gehlot
- 1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- 2Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
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Anjum S, Bathla M. A comparative study of prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in various psychiatric disorders in state of Haryana: More than 30 years Vs. less than 30 years. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:510-516. [PMID: 30641756 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exponential growth of metabolic syndrome in psychiatric disorders is becoming alarming situation to handle with. It is associated with reduced life span of 10-30 years in psychiatric patients attributed to metabolic syndrome, thus needs to be screened and addressed in all psychiatric patients. OBJECTIVE the objective of this study was to know the prevalence and its risk factors in various psychiatric disorder and comparing them in older vs younger patients. METHODOLOGY A cross sectional indoor based study was conducted after taking ethical committee approval in 140 patients (substance use disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar and depressive disorders). All the metabolic parameters as per International diabetes federation criteria for metabolic syndrome were assessed involving waist circumference, weight, height, Systolic/diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, high density lipoprotein and triglycerides. STATISTICS Chi square and t-test were used. RESULTS It was seen that prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS); 21.4% in psychiatric illness, up to 40% in major depressive disorders, followed by 33% in substance use disorder and 26.7% in psychotic disorders. Prevalence of MS was higher in older patients >30 years group (26% Vs. 16.4% in <30 years group). It was observed that substance use and depressive disorder and high BP in older male patients are all the significant risk factors for metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION More than 1/5th psychiatric patients are affected by metabolic syndrome. Thus, all male psychiatric patients with high BP must be evaluated for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Anjum
- MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Manish Bathla
- MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
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Grover S, Nebhinani N, Chakrabarti S, Avasthi A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with depressive disorder admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit: A comparison with healthy controls. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 27:139-144. [PMID: 28558888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among inpatients with depressive disorders and matched healthy controls. METHOD One hundred fifty eight patients with depressive disorders and 52 age and gender matched healthy controls were assessed for the prevalence of MS using Common Criteria for MS. RESULTS Prevalence of Metabolic syndrome among inpatients with depressive disorders was 44.3%, which was significantly higher than the healthy control group (17.3%). Increased waist circumference was the most common abnormality in both the groups. Prevalence of MS among patients with recurrent depression disorder (60.3%) was almost double that seen among those with first episode depression (32.6%). Compared to healthy controls, significantly greater proportion of patients with depressive disorders had increased blood pressure, abnormal fasting blood sugar, and HDL levels. Besides the prevalence of MS in 44.3% of patients with depressive disorders, another 46% of patients fulfilled one or two criteria of MS. Significant predictors of MS were being married, obese, greater age, higher weight, higher body mass index, and multiple episodes of depression. CONCLUSIONS Nearly two-fifth of depressed patients have MS and another two-fifth of patients had one or two abnormalities in the MS criteria. The prevalence of MS among patients with depressive disorders is significantly higher than the healthy controls. Hence, patients with depressive disorders should be regularly evaluated for the presence of MS and other cardiovascular risk factors and appropriate management strategies must be instituted at the earliest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | | | - Subho Chakrabarti
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ajit Avasthi
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Agarwal A, Agarwal M, Garg K, Dalal PK, Trivedi JK, Srivastava JS. Metabolic syndrome and central obesity in depression: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Psychiatry 2016; 58:281-286. [PMID: 28066005 PMCID: PMC5100119 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.192021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current epidemiological data and meta-analyses indicate a bidirectional association between depression and metabolic syndrome (MetS). AIMS To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity in drug naïve patients (in current episode) having Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Depression. METHOD This was a single point cross sectional observational study that involved administration of diagnostic and assessment tools and blood investigations. Recruitment for the study was done from a period of September 2008 to august 2009. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was significantly more in the depression group when compared to healthy controls. The Bipolar depression group had 24% prevalence and recurrent depression group had 26% prevalence as opposed to none in the control group. The prevalence of MetS did not differ significantly amongst the both depression groups. Presence of central obesity was significantly more in the recurrent depression (30%) and Bipolar depression (24%) as compared to controls (8%). There was no statistically significant difference between the two depression subgroups. DISCUSSION Our study adds to the mounting evidence that links the presence of depression and metabolic syndrome. As we had ensured a drug free period of at least 3 months, the findings in our study indicate that the metabolic syndrome observed in our study is independent of drug exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated significantly more incidence of metabolic syndrome and central obesity in patients of depression than age and sex matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manu Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kabir Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pronob Kumar Dalal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - J S Srivastava
- (Retd.) Senior Scientist, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Garcia-Toro M, Gili M, Ibarra O, Monzón S, Vives M, Garcia-Campayo J, Gomez-Juanes R, Roca M. Metabolic syndrome improvement in depression six months after prescribing simple hygienic-dietary recommendations. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:339. [PMID: 24899528 PMCID: PMC4055255 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in diet and exercise have been separately demonstrated to improve Depression, although scientific evidence available is scarce. In a previously published controlled study, just recommending these and other lifestyle measures (sleep restriction and sunlight exposure) in combination once, patients experienced improvements in their depressive symptoms six months later. In this sample, one in three depressive patients had metabolic syndrome (MetS) at baseline. First line treatment of MetS condition is hygienic-dietetic, being Mediterranean diet and exercise especially important. Therefore we analyzed if lifestyle recommendations also improved their metabolic profile. Findings During the sixth month evaluation, a smaller number of patients from the group receiving hygienic-dietary recommendations met MetS criteria comparing with the control group. Conclusions This study suggests that costless lifestyle recommendations, such as exercise and Mediterranean diet, have the capacity to promote both mental and physical health in a significant proportion of depressive patients. Further research is needed to confirm or discard these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Garcia-Toro
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands and Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (RedIAPP), Palma, Spain.
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