Panigrahi MK, Suresh Kumar C, Jaganathan V, Vinod Kumar S. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: Experience in 13 adult patients.
Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2015;
23:1050-5. [PMID:
26394630 DOI:
10.1177/0218492315606303]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon disorder. There is a lack of information on spontaneous pneumomediastinum in India. We aimed to understand the clinical profile, hospital course, and long-term outcome of such patients.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed all patients (aged ≥15 years) diagnosed with spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the respiratory ward of a tertiary care hospital over a 7-year period from 2005.
RESULTS
Of the 3326 patients hospitalized during the study period, 13 (10 male) were diagnosed with spontaneous pneumomediastinum, constituting 0.39% of all hospitalizations. The median age was 37 years (interquartile range 20-55 years). The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea in 85% followed by neck swelling (69%), chest pain (69%) and cough (54%). Subcutaneous emphysema and preexisting lung diseases were identified in 11 (85%) patients each. Post-tubercular pulmonary sequelae (5 patients) and asthma (4 patients) were the most common underlying lung diseases. Pneumothorax was identified in 6 (46%) patients; 4 required tube thoracostomy. Chest radiography was diagnostic in 92% of patients. The median length of hospital stay was 9 days (interquartile range 6-12 days). No recurrence was reported in 11 patients followed up for a median of 1550 days (interquartile range 691-1909 days).
CONCLUSIONS
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a benign disorder, but underlying lung diseases and concomitant pneumothorax are likely to complicate the disease course. Exacerbation of post-tubercular obstructive airway disease is a common risk factor for spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a tuberculosis endemic country.
Collapse