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Batur M, Özer MD, Üçler R, Seven E, Tekin S, Ünal F. Corneal parameters, ocular biometers, and retinal and choroidal thickness in acromegaly patients. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103773. [PMID: 37640205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare ocular findings of acromegaly patients with healthy individuals and investigate the relation of serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) along with growth hormone (GH) and pituitary tumor (adenoma) dimensions (TD) with specific ocular parameters. METHODS The ocular parameters of acromegaly patients (n = 38) were compared with those of healthy subjects (n = 36). These parameters were intraocular pressure, keratometric (K1-K2) values, central corneal thickness (CCT), total axial length along with anterior chamber-lens-vitreous length, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, central foveal thickness (CFT), choroidal thickness (CT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT), and inner plexiform layer thickness (IPLT). Also investigated was whether there was a correlation between disease duration, TD, GH, IGF-I, CCT, RNFL, CFT, GCLT, IPLT, and CT. RESULTS The lens length of the acromegaly group was increased (p = 0.014). GH and IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with CT and CCT, respectively (p = 0.041, r = 0.343) (p = 0.03, r = 0.347). Analysis of TD also found a highly negative correlation with the mean RNFL thickness of the acromegaly patients (p < 0.01, r = -0.603). The mean value of the inner parts of GCLT and IPLT was negatively correlated with TD (p = 0.041, r = -0.343 and p = 0.025, r = -0.379, respectively). CONCLUSION Serum IGF-1 and GH levels might be determinant factors in CCT and CT, respectively. The pituitary adenoma size increasing may be prone to lead RNFL, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer thinning. Increased lens thickness was found in the acromegaly group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Batur
- Yuzuncu Yıl University Medical Faculty Department of Ophthalmology, Goz Hastaliklari AD, Van 65080, Turkey.
| | - Muhammet Derda Özer
- Yeni Yuzyil University Medical Faculty Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rıfkı Üçler
- Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty Department of Endocrinology, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Erbil Seven
- Yuzuncu Yıl University Medical Faculty Department of Ophthalmology, Goz Hastaliklari AD, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Serek Tekin
- Yuzuncu Yıl University Medical Faculty Department of Ophthalmology, Goz Hastaliklari AD, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Fikret Ünal
- Batı Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Corneal Tonometric and Morphological Changes in Patients with Acromegaly. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226750. [PMID: 36431227 PMCID: PMC9696636 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in Reichert Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) parameters, corneal endothelium parameters, central corneal thickness (CCT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after the transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma in patients with acromegaly. (2) Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, interventional study. Twenty patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly were examined before and 19 ± 9 months after transsphenoidal resection. The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including pneumatic IOP (IOP air puff), Goldmann applanation tonometry (IOP GAT), CCT measured using the iPac pachymeter (CCTUP), IOP value corrected for CCTUP using the Ehlers formula (IOPc) ORA measurements included corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc), and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg). CCT from non-contact specular microscopy (CCTNSM), the number of endothelial cells (CD) per mm2, and average cell size (AVG) were determined with non-contact specular microscopy. (3) Results: A statistically significant decrease was observed in CCTUP (p = 0.007), and IOP air puff (p = 0.012) after surgery. Moreover, we noted a statistically significant increase in CD (p = 0.001), and a statistically significant decrease in AVG (p = 0.009) and CCTNSM (p = 0.004) after surgery. A statistically significant decrease was also observed in IOPg (p = 0.011), CH (p = 0.016), and CRF (p = 0.001) after surgery. The mean value of IOP GAT and IOPc was lower after the surgery. However, the difference was not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Our study revealed significant changes in biomechanics, corneal endothelium, CCT and IOP after pituitary adenoma resection in patients with acromegaly. It proves that the eye might be sensitive to long-term overexposure to growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). We suggest that disease activity be taken into consideration on ophthalmological examination.
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Tejera Pérez C, Olivier Pascual N, Sánchez Bao AM, Arroyo Castillo MR. Eye symptoms in acromegaly, beyond visual field alteration. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022; 69:309-311. [PMID: 35570140 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tejera Pérez
- Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Nuria Olivier Pascual
- Servicio Oftalmología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana María Sánchez Bao
- Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain
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Kilic D, Akmaz B, Akay F, Guven YZ, Oruk GG. Changes in anterior segment parameters and presence of dry eye disease in patients with acromegaly: A Sirius topography study combined with meibography. Growth Horm IGF Res 2021; 60-61:101424. [PMID: 34404020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate anterior segment parameters (ASPs) and dry eye disease (DED), including the status of the meibomian glands, in patients with acromegaly. METHODS In this cross-sectional, comparative study, 36 acromegaly patients and 40 healthy sex- and age-matched controls were included. Participants received a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including intraocular pressure measurements with Goldmann applanation tonometry (IOPGAT) and central corneal thickness corrected intraocular pressure (IOPCCT) measurements, and were evaluated for ASPs and DED. For ASPs, white-to-white (WTW), apical (ACT) and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), corneal volume (CV), keratometry readings (K1, K2, and Kmean), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and volume (ACV), and iridocorneal angle (ICA) were obtained via Sirius topography. DED was assessed with Schirmer's test, tear breakup time (TBUT), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores. Meibography scores (MSs) were obtained with the Sirius topography device. RESULTS Patients had higher mean IOPGAT (P = .006), IOPCCT (P = .01), ACT (P = .024), and TCT (P = .005) but narrower ICA (P = .014) than controls. Although Schirmer's test did not differ between the groups (P = .442), patients had higher OSDI (P < .001), higher MS (P = .001), and shorter TBUT (P = .002). CONCLUSION Patients with acromegaly have greater IOP, greater corneal thickness, but narrower ICA than healthy individuals, as well as DED with increased MSs, which suggests meibomian gland dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kilic
- Health Science University, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Berkay Akmaz
- Manisa City Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fahrettin Akay
- Assoc. Prof. Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ziya Guven
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guzide Gonca Oruk
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, İzmir, Turkey
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Tejera Pérez C, Olivier Pascual N, Sánchez Bao AM, Arroyo Castillo MR. Eye symptoms in acromegaly, beyond visual field alteration. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021; 69:S2530-0164(21)00149-X. [PMID: 34210632 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tejera Pérez
- Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, España.
| | - Nuria Olivier Pascual
- Servicio Oftalmología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, España
| | - Ana María Sánchez Bao
- Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, CHUF, Ferrol, La Coruña, España
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Pan KS, FitzGibbon EJ, Vitale S, Lee JS, Collins MT, Boyce AM. Utility of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Optic Neuropathy in Patients with Fibrous Dysplasia. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:2199-2210. [PMID: 32644197 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Optic neuropathy (ON) is a highly disabling complication of fibrous dysplasia (FD). The optimal test for identifying and monitoring ON in FD is unknown. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging modality that detects retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning, a sign of optic nerve atrophy. The purpose of this study was to (i) assess the ability of OCT RNFL thickness measurements to identify ON in FD; (ii) compare the performance of RNFL thickness to computed tomography measurements; and (iii) examine changes in RNFL thickness over time to assess disease progression. A retrospective cohort study was performed to assess subjects (n = 70) who underwent neuro-ophthalmologic examination, including OCT. The diagnostic utility of RNFL thickness was determined using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the accuracy was compared with computed tomography measurements. The relationship between RNFL thickness and age was assessed cross-sectionally, using generalized estimating equation methodology, and longitudinally, using a generalized mixed model. Eleven subjects were identified with ON. RNFL thickness identified ON (area under curve = 0.997, p < 0.0001) with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 95%, respectively, when using the diagnostic criterion of ≤71 μm. RNFL thickness outperformed computed tomography measurements of optic canal narrowing and optic nerve stretch. Subjects with ON exhibited a greater decrease in RNFL thickness with each year of age (-0.70 μm/year, p < 0.001) than subjects with normal vision (-0.16 μm/year, p < 0.05). When assessed longitudinally, subjects with normal vision demonstrated an increase in RNFL thickness until approximately age 20 years that decreased thereafter. In contrast, subjects with ON exhibited an earlier decrease in RNFL thickness during adolescence. In conclusion, RNFL thickness of ≤71 μm accurately identified ON in this population. By establishing the difference in rate of RNFL thinning in patients with and without ON, clinicians may distinguish between patients at risk for ON and intervene before irreversible damage. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen S Pan
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edmond J FitzGibbon
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Vitale
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Janice S Lee
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael T Collins
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alison M Boyce
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Chang YH, Chen SN. Late spontaneous bilateral intraocular lens subluxation accompanied with intraocular pressure elevation in a patient with acromegaly. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2020; 10:147-150. [PMID: 32874848 PMCID: PMC7442100 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_76_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A 53-year-old male with newly diagnosed acromegaly came to our clinic with the chief complaint of diplopia. He had the past ocular history of uneventful phacoemulsification cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the right eye 17 years ago and left eye 15 years ago. Postoperative examination showed remarkable improvement in visual acuity. Two years ago, he developed elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in both eyes, which was well-controlled with the use of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5%. At the clinic, slit-lamp examination revealed inferiorly subluxated IOL bilaterally. The patient received IOL repositioning with pars plana vitrectomy and scleral fixation in the left eye smoothly. We hypothesize that excess growth hormone is associated with dysregulation of fibrillin, resulting in zonular weakness, which causes late bilateral IOL subluxation. Elevated IOP may also be related to acromegaly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the association between IOL subluxation and acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsi Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Ni Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
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Evaluation of the retinal layers and microvasculature in patients with acromegaly: a case-control OCT angiography study. Eye (Lond) 2020; 35:523-527. [PMID: 32346112 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of study was to evaluate the retinal layers and macular capillary network with OCTA in acromegaly patients, to compare with healthy population. METHODS In this prospective, observational, and comparative study, 40 acromegaly patients and 40 healthy control participants were included. Serum IGF-1 levels and disease duration of all patients were noted. Macular layers and angiography scanning was performed with a Zeiss Cirrus 5000 OCTA system. Macular thickness, RNFL, and GC-IPL values were obtained. For central vessel and perfusion density, central 6 mm was obtained and was evaluated by dividing into three groups (inner, outer, full). FAZ parameters were evaluated dividing into three groups (area, perimeter, circularity index). Analysis of the data was performed with the SPSS for Windows. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the patient group and the control group in terms of age, gender, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), intraocular pressure (IOP), and axial length (AL). The mean follow-up period after diagnosis was 11.0 ± 5.5 years. Central and mean macular thicknesses were also significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p < 0.05). Superior, inferior, and average RNFL thicknesses were also significantly thinner in the acromegaly group (p < 0.05). When OCTA parameters were compared between groups, there was a significant decrease in central vessel density (CVD) and central perfusion density (CPD) values in all regions in acromegaly group compared with controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings with OCTA show that acromegaly causes a significant capillary network decrease according to the healthy subjects.
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The evaluation of central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in conjunction with tear IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. Eur J Ophthalmol 2017; 27:531-534. [PMID: 28127733 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and tear insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels between patients with acromegaly and a control group and to evaluate the possible effect of tear IGF-1 and duration of the disease on CCT and IOP. METHODS We included 31 patients with acromegaly (study group) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls in the study. Patients with acromegaly were divided into 2 subgroups based on disease status (active/inactive). All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including CCT and IOP values. Basal tear samples were collected from both groups and tear IGF-1 levels were measured. The CCT, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels were compared between groups and subgroups and the association between tear IGF-I levels and ocular parameters (CCT, IOP) and disease duration were also evaluated. RESULTS Central corneal thickness, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels did not show a significant difference between study and control groups. We also did not find a significant difference in terms of CCT, IOP, or tear IGF-1 levels between subgroups of patients. Correlation analysis did not show an association between the duration of disease and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in tear IGF-1 levels between patients with acromegaly and controls. Additionally, there was no correlation between disease duration and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP levels. This lack of association may suggest that tear IGF-1 levels might not have an effect on CCT or IOP findings in patients with acromegaly.
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Evaluation of macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness, macular volume and retinal nerve fiber layer in acromegaly patients. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:617-625. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Retina ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with acromegaly. Int Ophthalmol 2016; 37:591-598. [PMID: 27492731 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased secretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in acromegaly has various effects on multiple organs. However, the ocular effects of acromegaly have yet to be investigated in detail. The aim of the present study was to compare retina ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL) between patients with acromegaly and healthy control subjects using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). This cross-sectional, comparative study included 18 patients with acromegaly and 20 control subjects. All participants underwent SD-OCT to measure pRNFL (in the seven peripapillary areas), GCIPL (in the nine ETDRS areas), and central macular thickness (CMT). Visual field (VF) examinations were performed using a Humphrey field analyzer in acromegalic patients. Measurements were compared between patients with acromegaly and control subjects. A total of 33 eyes of 18 patients with acromegaly and 40 eyes of 20 control subjects met the inclusion criteria of the present study. The overall calculated average pRNFL thickness was significantly lower in patients with acromegaly than in control subjects (P = 0.01), with pRNFL thickness significantly lower in the temporal superior and temporal inferior quadrants. Contrary to our expectations, pRNFL thickness in the nasal quadrant was similar between acromegalic and control subjects. The mean overall pRNFL thickness and superonasal, nasal, inferonasal, and inferotemporal quadrant pRNFL thicknesses were found to correlate with the mean deviation (MD) according to Spearman's correlation. However, other quadrants were not correlated with VF sensitivity. No significant difference in CMT values was observed (P = 0.6). GCIPL thickness was significantly lower in all quadrants of the inner and outer macula, except for central and inferior outer quadrants, in the acromegaly group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). GCIPL thicknesses of the inferior inner and outer macula quadrants were found to correlate with MD, whereas no correlation was observed between other quadrants and VF sensitivity. We demonstrated that GCIPL thickness decreased in patients with acromegaly compared with that in control subjects. However, the nasal quadrant pRNFL thickness was similar in acromegaly, in contrast to our expectations. SD-OCT may have utility in the assessment of the effects of acromegaly on retinal structures.
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