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Zhao H, Wu X, Wang B, Shen L, Rao L, Wang X, Zhang J, Xiao Y, Xu Y, Yu J, Guo Y, Zhou Y, Wan B, Wu C, Chen L, Yu F. Phenotypic and genomic analysis of the hypervirulent ST22 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in China. mSystems 2023:e0124222. [PMID: 37184650 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01242-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
ST22 MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) strains are only sporadically reported in China. Through the phylogenetic reconstruction of 30 ST22 strains from China and 480 ST22 strains from global sources, we found that the global ST22 strains can be divided into three clades (I, II, and III). The China ST22 strains were found primarily in clade II (IIb and IIc) and also in clade III, indicating that the China ST22-MRSA clones have different origins. The China subclade IIb strains (SCCmec Vb-t309) may evolve from the native ST22 MSSA clone, while the China IIc strains may have spread from other countries. Subclade IIc (SCCmecIVa-t309) strains exhibited particularly strong lethality and invasiveness in Galleria mellonella infection and mouse skin abscess models in comparison to USA300 and other dominant China HA-MRSA (ST5 and ST239) or CA-MRSA (ST59) strains. This study described the emergence of a highly virulent ST22 MRSA subclade and improved our insight into the molecular epidemiology of ST22 strains in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocui Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulin Rao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanghua Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinjuan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoshan Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyang Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Fangyou Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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The Continuing Threat of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8020052. [PMID: 31052511 PMCID: PMC6627156 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus has been an exceptionally successful pathogen, which is still relevant in modern age-medicine due to its adaptability and tenacity. This bacterium may be a causative agent in a plethora of infections, owing to its abundance (in the environment and in the normal flora) and the variety of virulence factors that it possesses. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains—first described in 1961—are characterized by an altered penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a/c) and resistance to all penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, which makes the β-lactam armamentarium clinically ineffective. The acquisition of additional resistance determinants further complicates their eradication; therefore, MRSA can be considered as the first representative of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Based on 230 references, the aim of this review is to recap the history, the emergence, and clinical features of various MRSA infections (hospital-, community-, and livestock-associated), and to summarize the current advances regarding MRSA screening, typing, and therapeutic options (including lipoglycopeptides, oxazolidinones, anti-MRSA cephalosporins, novel pleuromutilin-, tetracycline- and quinolone-derivatives, daptomycin, fusidic acid, in addition to drug candidates in the development phase), both for an audience of clinical microbiologists and infectious disease specialists.
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