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Shalmashi H, Farajnia S, Sadeghi M, Tanoumand A, Veissi K, Hamishekar H, Gotaslou R. Detection of ESBLs types blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM resistance genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Falodun OI, Musa IB, Oyelade AA. Prevalence of extended beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from human immunodeficiency virus patients in Ibadan, Nigeria. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Subedi D, Vijay AK, Willcox M. Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an ocular perspective. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 101:162-171. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Subedi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Ajay Kumar Vijay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
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Ali FA. Association between biofilm formation gene bla exoU and metallo and extend spectrum beta-lactamase production of multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical samples. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1207-1218. [PMID: 33874869 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210419112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of biofilm formation exoU gene is significant challenge to infection control management in hospitals and exposure by Pseudomonas aeruginosa may lead to further spread and development of antimicrobial resistance. METHODS Out of 227 samples 40 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from patients attending public hospitals ( Rizgary, Teaching hospital, Laboratory center, Raparin, Nanakaly hospitals)in Erbil city/Iraq over a period during 2018 to march 2019 and fully characterized by standard bacteriological procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility test and ESBL has been carried out by Vitek 2 compact system and. by Vitek 2 compact system. The identification has been verified by all isolates as P. aeruginosa by using 16S rDNA with product size (956pb). RESULTS A high rate of resistance was seen against Penicillin and lincomycin and Piperacillin and chloramphenicol and rifampicin (100 %), whereas Imipenem (5%) were found to be the most effective antimicrobial drugs. Of all P. aeruginosa isolates, 30 (75% %) were identified as MDR, approximately 9(22.5%) of isolates were resistant to 9 drugs in burn samples. Quantitative biofilm determination using the Congo red method revealed that 28 isolates (70%) produced biofilm, biofilm production was significantly higher among MDR P. aeruginosa isolates while coproduction of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) together with Metallo β-lactamase (MBL) ESBLs MBLs recorded in (52.5%) of the isolates. Altogether 40 isolates were processed for analysis by PCR assays and showed that 26(70%) of P. aeruginosa isolates harboured the exoU encoding gene with product size (204) pb was more commonly seen in isolates obtained from burn isolates. In addition, exo U gene was significantly associated with the higher MDR (80%), 8 isolates (76.9%)had exoU gene with ESBL and( 65%) had MBL and the same for MDR (80.8%) in samples for burning. CONCLUSION Our results showed surveillance of P. aeruginosa resistance against antimicrobial and ESBL and MBL is fundamental to monitor trends in susceptibility patterns and appropriately guide clinicians in choosing empirical or directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fattma Abodi Ali
- Department of Medical microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University. Iraq
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5
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Screening for ESBL producing bacterial isolates of agricultural soil and profiling for multidrug resistance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aasci.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Maravić A, Šamanić I, Šprung M, Fredotović Ž, Ilić N, Dragičević J, Puizina J. Broad-spectrum resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from shellfish: infrequent acquisition of novel resistance mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:81. [PMID: 29335824 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one the most common multidrug-resistant pathogens worldwide. It has been previously detected in marine shellfish, but its antibiotic resistance in such environment has not been explored. By combining PCR detection of acquired genes, and resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux studying, we investigated the multifactorial resistance traits of 108 P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from wild-growing Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in Croatia. Eleven different resistance profiles were found, with the main mechanism being the overexpression of intrinsic efflux pump(s), particularly MexAB-OprM. Several acquired resistance determinants were detected, including the β-lactamase gene blaTEM-116, sulfamethoxazole resistance gene sul1, and the class 1 integron gene cassette carrying the streptomycin resistance gene aadA7. This study evidenced the multiple resistance in P. aeruginosa in shellfish from human-impacted marine environment, pointing to the underestimated role of the marine habitat for maintenance of multiresistant P. aeruginosa and, consequently, the potential risk for human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maravić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia.
| | - Ivica Šamanić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Matilda Šprung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Željana Fredotović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Nada Ilić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Josipa Dragičević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Jasna Puizina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia
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Oli AN, Eze DE, Gugu TH, Ezeobi I, Maduagwu UN, Ihekwereme CP. Multi-antibiotic resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria pose a challenge to the effective treatment of wound and skin infections. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 27:66. [PMID: 29187917 PMCID: PMC5687881 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.66.10226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria is a concern both to the clinicians and the patients due to obvious consequences such as treatment failures, prolonged patients’ stay in hospital and nosocomial infections. The choice of the first antibiotic therapy in emergency wards in hospitals is usually not based on patient-specific microbial culture and susceptibility test result.This study is aimed at profiling extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria associated with wound injuries and highlighting their multi-antibiotic resistance character. Methods Sixty-three wound swab samples were collected and cultured on nutrient agar and on selective media. Evaluation for ESBL production was by phenotypic method while the antibiogram screening was by disc-diffusion. Results The wounds evaluated were diabetic sore (14), cancer wounds (12), surgical wounds (17), wounds due to road traffic accidents (10) and wounds from fire burn (10). The result showed that 61 wounds were infected and the prevalence of the infecting pathogens was Escherichia coli 17.46%, Klebsiella Pneumonia 14.28%, Salmonella typhi 12.79%, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa 34.92% and Staphylococcus aureus 17.46%. Thirty four (55.74 %) isolates were ESBL producers, greater than 50% of which being Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. The antibiogram study of the ESBL producers showed multi-drug resistance with resistance highest against ampicillin (100%), followed by cephalosporins: cefuroxime (94.12%) and ceftriaxone (61.76%). No resistance was recorded against the β-lactamase inhibitors: amoxicillin/clavulanate and ceftriaxone/sulbactam. There was a high incidence (55.74 %) of ESBL-producing microbes in the wounds. The isolates were mostly multi-antibiotic resistant. Conclusion Multi-drug resistant ESBL-producing bacteria are common in wound infections in the community. However, amoxicillin/clavulanate or ceftriaxone/sulbactam may be used to treat most patients with such infections in the hospital. This may guide antibiotic selection and use in trauma, most especially in resource limited countries where laboratory test is unaffordable for a majority of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Nnamdi Oli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Dennis Emeka Eze
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Thaddeus Harrison Gugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi Ezeobi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital Amaku-Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka Nwakaku Maduagwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Chibueze Peter Ihekwereme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Gupta R, Malik A, Rizvi M, Ahmed M. Presence of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) & AmpC positive non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli among Intensive Care Unit patients with special reference to molecular detection of blaCTX-M & blaAmpC genes. Indian J Med Res 2016; 144:271-275. [PMID: 27934808 PMCID: PMC5206880 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.195043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii have been implicated in a variety of infections, particularly in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs). This study was aimed to overview the burden of multidrug-resistant NFGNB causing infections in ICU and also to assess the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC and metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) among these isolates. METHODS Bacterial culture, identification and antibiotic susceptibility were carried out. ESBLs and AmpC were detected both phenotypically and genotypically. MBL was detected by modified Hodge and imipenem-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid double-disc synergy test. RESULTS NFGNB represented 45 (37%) of total 121 Gram negative isolates. Multidrug resistance was observed in 66.9 per cent and 72.5 per cent isolates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, respectively. Detection by phenotypic methods showed presence of ESBL, AmpC and MBL in 21.4, 51.1 and 21.4 per cent isolates, respectively. When detected genotypically by polymerase chain reaction, ESBL and AmpC were detected in 21.4 and 41.4 per cent of NFGNB isolates, respectively. BlaCTX-M (21.4%) was the most prevalent gene responsible for ESBL production. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Most of the NFGNB isolated from ICU patients were multidrug-resistant and producers of ESBL, AmpC and MBL. A regular surveillance is required to detect ESBL, AmpC and MBL producers, especially in ICU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Abida Malik
- Department of Microbiology, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Meher Rizvi
- Department of Microbiology, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Moied Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Kotwal A, Biswas D, Kakati B, Singh M. ESBL and MBL in Cefepime Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Update from a Rural Area in Northern India. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:DC09-11. [PMID: 27190800 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18016.7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cefepime, a fourth generation cephalosporin, is widely used for the empirical treatment of serious infections in critically ill hospitalized patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), one of the commonest bacteria causing nosocomial infections has a propensity to develop antibiotic resistance quite promptly. AIM We undertook this study to assess the efficacy of cefepime against current clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and to study existence of different beta-lactamase enzymes among cefepime resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total of 618 isolates of P. aeruginosa recovered consecutively from various clinical samples of a tertiary care hospital were analysed. Their Antimicrobial sensitivity profile against piperacilin (100μg), piperacillin/tazobactam (100μg/10μg), ceftazidime (30μg), cefoperazone (75μg), cefepime (30μg), ciprofloxacin (5μg), gentamycin (10μg), amikacin (30μg) and imipenem (10μg) (Himedia) was tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines). We further looked for ESBL, MBL and ESBL + MBL co producers among the cefepime resistant isolates by two different methods (combined double disc synergy test, imipenem-EDTA combined disc test and vitek2). RESULTS Among 618 consecutive clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, we observed resistance to cefepime in 457 (74%) isolates. We observed resistance to ciprofloxacin (n=506, 82%) in maximum number of isolates followed by that to Gentamycin (n=475, 77%), amikacin (n=366, 60%), and cefoperazone (n=350, 56.6%). Among all our cefepime resistant P. aeruginosa isolates only 27(6%) were ESBL producers, 18(4%) MBL producers and 2(0.4%) were ESBL+ MBL co-producers. All the ESBL and MBL isolates were also tested by VITEK 2 advanced expert system (bioMırieux Vitek Systems Inc, Hazelwood, MO, France) which revealed a 100% concordance with the phenotypic method tested. CONCLUSION This paper highlights the need to reconsider prescribing empirical antibiotics for Pseudomonas infections in this region and formulate a strong antibiotic policy to curb the menace of spread of multidrug resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Kotwal
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences , Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Debasis Biswas
- Additional Professor, Department of Microbiology, AIIMS B hopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, India
| | - Barnali Kakati
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences , Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Malvika Singh
- Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences , Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Gupta R, Malik A, Rizvi M, Ahmed SM. Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Spp. in ICU Patients with Special Reference to ESBL, AMPC, MBL and Biofilm Production. J Glob Infect Dis 2016; 8:25-31. [PMID: 27013841 PMCID: PMC4785753 DOI: 10.4103/0974-777x.176142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas spp. have been reported to be the important cause of ICU infections. The appearance of ESBL, AmpC and MBL genes and their spread among bacterial pathogens is a matter of great concern. Biofilm production also attributes to antimicrobial resistance due to close cell to cell contact that permits bacteria to more effectively transfer plasmids to one another. This study aimed at determining the incidence of ESBL, AmpC, MBL and biofilm producing Pseudomonas spp. in ICU patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The clinical specimens were collected aseptically from 150 ICU patients from February 2012 to October 2013. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. ESBLs and AmpC were detected phenotypically and genotypically. MBL was detected by modified Hodge and imipenem-EDTA double-disk synergy test. RESULTS Pseudomonas spp. 35(28%) were the most prevalent pathogen in ICU infections. Multidrug resistance and biofilm production was observed in 80.1% and 60.4% isolates, respectively. Prevalence of ESBL, AmpC and MBL was 22.9%, 42.8% and 14.4%, respectively. The average hospital stay was 25 days and was associated with 20% mortality. CONCLUSIONS A regular surveillance is required to detect ESBL, AmpC and MBL producers especially in ICU patients. Carbapenems should be judiciously used to prevent their spread. The effective antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones and piperacillin-tazobactum should be used after sensitivity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, J N Medical College, Aligarh, India
| | - Abida Malik
- Department of Microbiology, J N Medical College, Aligarh, India
| | - Meher Rizvi
- Department of Microbiology, J N Medical College, Aligarh, India
| | - S. Moied Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, AMU, Aligarh, India
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Bokaeian M, Shahraki Zahedani S, Soltanian Bajgiran M, Ansari Moghaddam A. Frequency of PER, VEB, SHV, TEM and CTX-M Genes in Resistant Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Producing Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 8:e13783. [PMID: 25789123 PMCID: PMC4350043 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen causing nosocomial infections. Resistance of P. aeruginosa strains to broad-spectrum cephalosporins may be mediated by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Objectives: We intended to investigate the prevalence of ESBLs and antimicrobial susceptibilities of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients in Zahedan, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, during 2012–2013, 116 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from a teaching hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents was carried out by disk diffusion method. The ESBL producing strains were detected by combination disk test (CDT). ESBL positive isolates as well as other isolates showing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≥ 4 μg/mL for ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and aztreonam, were screened for the presence of the genes encoding blaTEM, blaSHV, blaPER-1 and blaVEB-1, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Ciprofloxacin and piperacillin were the most efficient antipseudomonal agents. The results disclosed that 19 (16.37%) of the isolates were multidrug resistant and 8 (6.89%) were ESBL-positive. Of the 116 isolates, 30 (25.86%) were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime or aztreonam and among these 30 (100%), 4 (13.3%), 2 (6.6%) and 2 (6.6%), amplified blaTEM, blaVEB-1, blaPER-1 and blaSHV, respectively. From the 30 TEM-positive isolates, 22 were ESBL-negative. Sequencing of the ESBL genes verified the accuracy of the PCR products. Conclusions: According to our results, blaTEM-116 was the most frequent isolated ESBL gene among the P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohmmad Bokaeian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Shahram Shahraki Zahedani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Morteza Soltanian Bajgiran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Morteza Soltanian Bajgiran, , Department of Microbiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5413414558, Fax: +98-5413425723, E-mail:
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Li Y, Zhang X, Wang C, Hu Y, Niu X, Pei D, He Z, Bi Y. Characterization by phenotypic and genotypic methods of metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:494-8. [PMID: 25323940 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa continues to be a predominant cause of infections with high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, resulting in treatment failure. P. aeruginosa is the leading cause of respiratory infections among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Resistance to carbapenem antibiotics among P. aeruginosa has been reported. Thus, this study was undertaken to characterize the metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production of P. aeruginosa by phenotypic and genotypic methods. A total of 572 sputum samples were collected from cystic fibrosis patients along with the patient demographic details in a questionnaire. In total, 217 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected and an antibiogram revealed that 159 (73.3%) and 141 (64.9%) of these colonies exhibited resistance to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. Ceftazidime and tobramycin resistance were both identified in 112 (51.6%) isolates, and resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam, gatifloxacin and netilmicin was detected in 96 (44.2%) respective samples. A total of 62 (28.6%) respective samples were resistant to cefoperazone, cefepime and ceftriaxone. The least antibiotic resistance was shown to amikacin and ceftizoxime with 51 (23.5%) and 32 (14.7%) respective colonies resistant to the antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for imipenem revealed a reduction in the MIC values. MBL screening by the zone enhancement method using ceftazidime plus EDTA discs demonstrated that 63 (56.25%) of the colonies were positive for MBL. A total of 53 (84.1%) samples expressed blaVIM and 48 (76.1%) expressed blaIMP genes, as detected by duplex polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, carbapenem resistance is of great clinical concern in cystic fibrosis patients with P. aeruginosa infection. Therefore, mandatory regular screening and monitoring the resistance in P. aeruginosa among CF patients is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Li
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Dongxu Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Yongyi Bi
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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13
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Prevalence of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 22:62-4. [PMID: 25561885 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactams, mediated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes (ESBL), is an increasing problem worldwide. The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence of ESBL-production among the clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their susceptibility to selected antimicrobials. A total of one eighty-seven clinical specimens were tested for the presence of ESBL production using the double-disc synergy test. Of these, 25.13% (n = 47) isolates of P. aeruginosa were observed as ESBL positive. The maximum number of ESBL-producing strains were found in sputum (41.67%; n = 24) followed by pus (28.36%; n = 19), cerebrospinal fluid and other body fluids (21.74%; n = 5), urine (20.45%; n = 9) and blood (13.79%; n = 4). ESBL producing isolates exhibited co-resistance to an array of antibiotics tested. Imipenem and meropenem can be suggested as the drugs of choice in our study.
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S. S, Reddy A. SK, S. S, C. A, V. S, MS. K, SK. A, V. V. Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:DC30-2. [PMID: 24995180 PMCID: PMC4080001 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/7953.4388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to analyze the extended spectrum of β lactamase (ESBL), metallo β lactamase (MBL) & AmpC production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in various clinical samples. MATERIALS & METHODS One hundred four non repetitive clinical specimens were inoculated onto nutrient agar, blood agar and incubated at 37(o)C overnight. The colonies were tested for oxidase test and other biochemical tests and antibiogram. ESBL screening was done using 3(rd) generation cephalosporins and confirmatory combined double disc test, imipenem-EDTA double disc synergy test for MBL enzyme and AmpC test using Cefoxitin disc. Results & Analysis: Out of 104 P.aeruginosa isolates, 42.30% were ESBL producer, 15.38 % MBL producer and none were AmpC producer. Imipenem, Ofloxacin, and aminoglycosides (amikacin (29.8%) tobramycin (29.8%) and netilmycin (13.46%) has got the better antipseudomonal activity in this study. 43 (41.35%) P.aeruginosa was found to be Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). CONCLUSION This study highlights the prevalence of ESBL, MBL and MDR P.aeruginosa. Carbapenems and aminoglycosides are promising drugs with antipseudomonal activity in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthamarai S.
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Suneel Kumar Reddy A.
- 3 Year Post Graduate, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sivasankari S.
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Anitha C.
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Somasunder V.
- 2 Year Post Graduate, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kumudhavathi MS.
- Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Amshavathani SK.
- Professor & HOD, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Venugopal V.
- Director of PG Studies, Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kachipuram, Tamilnadu, India
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Spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes of blaOXA-10, blaPER-1 and blaCTX-M in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn patients. Burns 2014; 40:1575-80. [PMID: 24767142 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to many antibiotics due to production of different classes of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Prevalence of ESBLs among P. aeruginosa has been increased in recent years, demonstrate a serious health problem especially in burn units worldwide. OBJECTIVE Present study was designed to determine the ESBL producing strains and identify the genes encoding three different ESBLs of bla PER-1, bla OXA-10 and bla CTX-M genes in P. aeruginosa isolates from burn patients. METHODS In total 185 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from infectious wounds of hospitalized burn patients. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phenotypic detection of ESBL were performed by disk diffusion method and Double disk Synergy Test (DDST). Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was done for detection of bla OXA-10, bla PER-1 and bla CTX-M ESBL encoding genes. RESULTS In total, 176 (95.13%) isolates were multidrug resistant. The DDST demonstrated 96 (51.9%) isolates as putative ESBL producers with 100% or highly resistance to ofloxacin, cephalexin, aztreonam (97.57%) and ceftriaxone (91.6%). By PCR amplification, bla PER-1, bla OXA-10 and bla CTX-M genes were detected in 52 (54.16%), 66 (68.75%) and 1 (1.04%) isolates of ESBL producers respectively. Forty-three isolates (44.79%) were simultaneously positive for both bla OXA-10 and bla PER-1 related genes. CONCLUSION The rate of ESBL producing P. aeruginosa was notable in present study. Since there are only limited effective antibiotics against the bacterium, therefore all isolates must be investigated by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, which limits resistance development in burn units and helps the management of treatment strategy.
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Detection of GES-2, a Class A β-Lactamase Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Teaching Hospital in Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.8166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Begum S, Salam MA, Alam KF, Begum N, Hassan P, Haq JA. Detection of extended spectrum β-lactamase in Pseudomonas spp. isolated from two tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:7. [PMID: 23289861 PMCID: PMC3543721 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extended spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) represent a major group of lactamases responsible for resistance, mostly produced by gram-negative bacteria, to newer generations of ß-lactam drugs currently being identified in large numbers worldwide. The present study was undertaken to see the frequency of ESBL producing Pseudomonas spp. isolated from six hundred clinical specimens (wound, pus, aural, urine, sputum, throat and other swabs) collected over a period of three years from two tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh. Findings Aerobic bacterial culture was performed on aseptically collected swabs and only growth of Pseudomonas was considered for further species identification and ESBL production along with serotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method and ESBL production was detected on Mueller Hinton agar by double-disk synergy technique using Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid with Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone and Aztreonam. Culture yielded 120 Pseudomonas spp. and 82 of them were biochemically characterized for species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the predominant (90.2%) species. Of 82 isolates tested for ESBL, 31 (37.8%) were ESBL positive with 29 (93.5%) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the remaining 2 (6.5%) were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Ralstonia pickettii. Antibiogram revealed Imipenem as the most effective drug (93.3%) among all antimicrobials used against Pseudomonas spp. followed by Aminoglycosides (63.7%). Conclusion ESBL producing Pseudomonas spp. was found to be a frequent isolate from two tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh, showing limited susceptibility to antimicrobials and decreased susceptibility to Imipenem in particular, which is a matter of great concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahanara Begum
- Department of Microbiology, Green Life Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kumar V, Sen MR, Nigam C, Gahlot R, Kumari S. Burden of different beta-lactamase classes among clinical isolates of AmpC-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in burn patients: A prospective study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2012. [PMID: 23188953 PMCID: PMC3506070 DOI: 10.4103/0972-5229.102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens causing infections in burns, and shows increasing resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by producing different classes of beta-lactamases. It is also not unusual to find a single isolate that expresses multiple β-lactamase enzymes, further complicating the treatment options. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine the coexistence of different beta-lactamase enzymes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the burn ward. Materials and Methods: A total of 101 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa from the burn ward were identified and tested for the presence of different beta-lactamase enzymes (extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL), Amp C and metallo β-lactamases (MBL) from October 2006 to May 2009. In vitro susceptibility pattern of antipseudomonal antibiotics was done by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 33 (32.7%) isolates were confirmed to be positive for AmpC beta-lactamase. Co-production of AmpC along with ESBL and MBL was reported in 24.5% and 45.5% isolates, respectively. A total of 12 (11.9%) isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotic classes (multidrug resistance). Imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactum showed high sensitivity, with 86.1% and 82.2%, respectively. Conclusion: This study reveals the high prevalence of multidrug- resistant P. aeruginosa producing beta-lactamase enzymes of different mechanisms in this region from burn patients. The emerging antimicrobial resistance in burn wound pathogens poses serious therapeutic challenge. Thus proper antibiotic policy and measures to restrict the indiscriminate use of cephalosporins and carbapenems should be taken to minimize the emergence of this multiple beta -lactamase producing pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Maravić A, Skočibušić M, Sprung M, Samanić I, Puizina J, Pavela-Vrančić M. Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Burkholderia cepacia complex in coastal marine environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2012; 22:531-542. [PMID: 22428949 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2012.667797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
During an environmental study of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Adriatic Sea, Croatia, 47 Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) isolates were recovered from seawater and mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples. All isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance. Among the isolates, two Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates produced chromosomally encoded TEM-116 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Analysis of outer membrane proteins revealed that decreased expression of a 36-kDa protein could be associated with a high level of β-lactam resistance in both isolates. Phenotypic study of efflux system also indicated an over-expression of Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) efflux-mediated mechanism in one of the isolates. This study demonstrated the presence of Bcc in seawater and M. galloprovincialis, which gives evidence that coastal marine environment, including mussels, could be considered as a reservoir for Bcc species. Detection of ESBL-encoding genes indicates the potential role of these bacteria in the maintenance and dispersion of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maravić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
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Umadevi S, Joseph NM, Kumari K, Easow JM, Kumar S, Stephen S, Srirangaraj S, Raj S. Detection of extended spectrum beta lactamases, ampc beta lactamases and metallobetalactamases in clinical isolates of ceftazidime resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1284-8. [PMID: 24031753 PMCID: PMC3768726 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822011000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the prevalence of ceftazidime resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production among the ceftazidime resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A very high rate of MBL production was observed, which suggested it to be an important contributing factor for ceftazidime resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraman Umadevi
- Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute , Pondicherry , India
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