Cleidocranial dysplasia: a report of two cases

Delayed Eruption of Permanent Dentition and Maxillary Contraction in Patients with Cleidocranial Dysplasia: Review and Report of a Family

Introduction

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an inherited disease caused by mutations in the RUNX2 gene on chromosome 6p21. This pathology, autosomal dominant or caused by a spontaneous genetic mutation, is present in one in one million individuals, with complete penetrance and widely variable expressivity.

Aim

To identify the incidence of these clinical findings in the report of the literature by means of PubMed interface from 2002 to 2015, with the related keywords. The report of local patients presents a clinical example, related to the therapeutic approach.

Results and Discussions

The PubMed research resulted in 122 articles. All the typical signs were reported in all presented cases. The maxilla was hypoplastic in 94% of the patients. Missing of permanent teeth was found in two cases: one case presented a class II jaw relationship, instead of class III malocclusion. Similar findings were present in our cohort.

Conclusion

CCD is challenging for both the dental team and the patient. The treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. Further studies are required to better understand the cause of this disease. According to this review, a multistep approach enhances the possibilities to achieve the recovery of the most possible number of teeth, as such to obtain a good occlusion and a better aesthetic.

Aesthetic Facial Correction of Cleidocranial Dysplasia

We report two cases of cleidocranial dysplasia, which was managed without significant craniofacial osteotomy. A mother and daughter, both of normal intelligence, presented with central forehead depression, mid-face hypoplasia, and blepharoptosis. The fact that they have an identically deformed face implied a genetic basis. In both patients, radiologic evaluation revealed the underdeveloped maxilla, persistent fontanelle opening, and cleidal aplasia. Clinical findings and radiologic studies were consistent with the diagnosis of cleidocranial dysplasia. Both patients underwent forehead plasty via bicoronal approach, augmentation rhinoplasty using tip plasty, and epicanthoplasty. In addition, the mother underwent malar augmentation using Medpor implantation and reduction genioplasty. The patients did not experience any postoperative complication and remained satisfied with the operation at 6-year follow-up.

Cleidocranial dysplasia syndrome (CCD) with an unusual finding in a young patient

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), an autosomal dominant disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 1,000,000 individuals, presents with a wide range of variability. Dentists are often the first to encounter patients with CCD, some of whom do not show typical manifestations. Since it has similar features to other pathologies, CCD is misdiagnosed as other conditions. A 10-year-old boy suffering from CCD was misdiagnosed as having rickets and was referred for non-eruption of a few permanent teeth along with an unaesthetic facial appearance. Clinically and radiologically, a diagnosis of CCD was made. Currently, management of this patient's orofacial manifestations is underway.

Cleidocranial dysplasia with bilateral posterior glenohumeral dislocation: a case-report

A 31-year-old man experienced bilateral posterior glenohumeral dislocation during seizures. He had cleidocranial dysplasia with complete absence of both clavicles. Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare inherited disease also known as Marie-Sainton syndrome and responsible for dental abnormalities well-known to stomatologists and dentists. Other manifestations include defective development of the skull bones and hypoplastic or aplastic clavicles. We found no previous reports of bilateral posterior glenohumeral dislocation in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia. The objective of this work was to look for an association between clavicular aplasia and posterior glenohumeral dislocation.

Hypodontia and delayed dentition as the primary manifestation of cleidocranial dysplasia presenting with a diagnostic dilemma

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare autosomal disorder which manifests as partial or complete absence of clavicles, multiple supernumerary teeth, and delayed closure of fontanelle. Classical cases of cleidocranial dysplasia are easily diagnosed very early in the life. However, cases with partial manifestation of the syndrome and noncontributory family history are difficult to diagnose. Here, we report a case of 8.5-year-old girl child who presented with delayed tooth development (without any supernumerary teeth), anterior open fontanelle, and normal clavicles, thus resulting in a diagnostic dilemma.

Cleidocranial dysplasia: a rare cause of disproportionate severe short stature

Skeletal dysplasia is an uncommon cause of short stature in children. An 11-year-old girl was evaluated for severe short stature in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical examination revealed severe disproportionate short stature and classical triad of multiple supernumerary teeth, and complete absence of clavicles and open sagittal sutures and fontanelles. Skeletal survey confirmed these findings, in addition to other features associated with the syndrome.