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Adapa S, Naramala S, Tiwana HS, Patel N, Verma R, Koduri NM, Konala VM. Peritonitis from facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacilli likely due to translocation of bacteria from gut in a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Infect Dis Rep 2020; 12:8376. [PMID: 32318256 PMCID: PMC7171472 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2020.8376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The peritonitis caused by gram-negative organisms is a serious complication encountered in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, often causing high morbidity and mortality. There has been recognition of peritonitis caused by uncommon organisms because of improved microbiological detection techniques. The healthcare providers involved in the management of these patients should be very vigilant. We report a rare case of peritonitis caused by Citrobacter freundii. A 42-year-old male on peritoneal dialysis for five years presented with abdominal pain and cloudy effluent. The peritoneal fluid analysis was consistent with peritonitis, and peritoneal fluid culture grew Citrobacter freundii. The patient was treated with two courses of double antibiotic coverage with intraperitoneal ceftazidime and oral ciprofloxacin, which failed to resolve the infection and hence resulted in the removal the peritoneal dialysis catheter and dialysis modality change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Niraj Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaweah Delta Medical Center, Visalia, CA
| | - Raman Verma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaweah Delta Medical Center, Visalia, CA
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Zhou L, Deng D, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Jiang Y, Liu Y. Isolation of a facultative anaerobic exoelectrogenic strain LZ-1 and probing electron transfer mechanism in situ by linking UV/Vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 90:264-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhao X, Huang S, Zhao J, He X, Li E, Li H, Liu W, Zou D, Wei X, Wang X, Dong D, Yang Z, Yan X, Shen Z, Yuan J. Characterization of phiCFP-1, a virulent bacteriophage specific for Citrobacter freundii. J Med Virol 2015; 88:895-905. [PMID: 26455439 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Citrobacter freundii, a Gram-negative bacterium, causes many opportunistic infections. Bacteriophage phiCFP-1 was isolated and characterized by its ability to lyse the multidrug-resistant clinical C. freundii strain P10159. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the phage has an icosahedral head and a short tail, making it a Podoviridae family member. In a single-step growth experiment, phiCFP-1 exhibited an eclipse period of 20 min and a burst size of 100 particles per cell. Its genome assembled as a circular molecule when genomic sequencing was completed. However, based on genome content and organization, it was categorized as a classic T7-related phage, and such phages are known to have linear genomes with direct terminal repeats. With the quick and simple method established herein, the 38,625-bp linear double-stranded DNA with 229-bp direct terminal repeats was accurately identified. The genome contained 43 putative open reading frames and no tRNA genes. Using a proteomics-based approach, seven viral and two host proteins from purified phiCFP-1 particles were identified. Comparative genomics and recombination analyzes revealed close genetic relatedness among phiCFP-1, phiYeO3-12/vB_YenP_AP5 (from Yersinia enterocolitica O3), and phiSG-JL2 (from Salmonella enterica).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangna Zhao
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simo Huang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhao
- Emergency Department, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, China
| | - Erna Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dayang Zou
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Derong Dong
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiabei Yan
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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