Baroncini LAV, Sylvestre LDC, Baroncini CV, Pecoits R. Assessment of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as an Early Marker Of Vascular Damage In Hypertensive Children.
Arq Bras Cardiol 2017;
108:452-457. [PMID:
28444064 PMCID:
PMC5444892 DOI:
10.5935/abc.20170043]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) correlates with the
presence of atherosclerosis in adults and describes vascular abnormalities
in both hypertensive children and adolescents.
Objective
To assess CIMT as an early marker of atherosclerosis and vascular damage in
hypertensive children and adolescents compared with non-hypertensive
controls and to evaluate the influence of gender, age, and body mass index
(BMI) on CIMT on each group.
Methods
Observational cohort study. A total of 133 hypertensive subjects (male, n =
69; mean age, 10.5 ± 4 years) underwent carotid ultrasound exam for
assessment of CIMT. One hundred and twenty-one non-hypertensive subjects
(male, n = 64; mean age, 9.8 ± 4.1 years) were selected as controls
for gender, age (± 1 year), and BMI (± 10%).
Results
There were no significant difference regarding gender (p = 0.954) and age (p
= 0.067) between groups. Hypertensive subjects had higher BMI when compared
to control group (p = 0.004), although within the established range of 10%.
Subjects in the hypertensive group had higher CIMT values when compared to
control group (0.46 ± 0.05 versus 0.42 ± 0.05 mm,
respectively, p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA). Carotid IMT values were not
significantly influenced by gender, age, and BMI when analyzed in both
groups separately (Student's t-test for independent samples). According to
the adjusted determination coefficient (R²) only 11.7% of CIMT variations
were accounted for by group variations, including age, gender, and BMI.
Conclusions
Carotid intima-media thickness was higher in hypertensive children and
adolescents when compared to the control group. The presence of hypertension
increased CIMT regardless of age, gender, and BMI.
Collapse