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He X, Song S, Yang P, Cao F, Li W, Liang P. A rare radiotherapy-sensitive primitive neuroectodermal tumor with APC gene amplification in an adult: a case report and literature review. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221118704. [PMID: 35983861 PMCID: PMC9393680 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221118704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the lung is rare in adults, and
treatment options vary. We herein describe the disease course and follow-up of
PNET in an adult. A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of
cough and headache, and whole-exome sequencing revealed positive expression of
the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion gene and amplification of the
APC gene. Although the patient received multidisciplinary
treatment including chemotherapy regimens of etoposide plus cisplatin; focal
radiotherapy focusing on the cerebrum, lung, and kidneys; and a subsequent
palliative gastrointestinal operation, he eventually died of multiple organ
functional failure. His overall survival period was 18 months, and his
progression-free survival period was 4 months. During the treatment, the patient
showed remarkable sensitivity to radiotherapy. In conclusion, PNET of the lung
in adult patients is extremely rare, and the prognosis is very poor. Involvement
of a multidisciplinary team in the development of personalized therapeutic
strategies is essential. This patient with APC gene
amplification showed excellent sensitivity to radiotherapy for intrapulmonary
and intracranial lesions, suggesting that APC gene
amplification may be related to radiotherapy sensitivity. However, further
clinical research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Peidan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Weijing Li
- Department of Medical Records, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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Bhoopathi P, Mannangatti P, Emdad L, Das SK, Fisher PB. The quest to develop an effective therapy for neuroblastoma. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7775-7791. [PMID: 33834508 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common solid extracranial tumor developing in pediatric populations. NB can spontaneously regress or grow and metastasize displaying resistance to therapy. This tumor is derived from primitive cells, mainly those of the neural crest, in the sympathetic nervous system and usually develops in the adrenal medulla and paraspinal ganglia. Our understanding of the molecular characteristics of human NBs continues to advance documenting abnormalities at the genome, epigenome, and transcriptome levels. The high-risk tumors have MYCN oncogene amplification, and the MYCN transcriptional regulator encoded by the MYCN oncogene is highly expressed in the neural crest. Studies on the biology of NB has enabled a more precise risk stratification strategy and a concomitant reduction in the required treatment in an expanding number of cases worldwide. However, newer treatment strategies are mandated to improve outcomes in pediatric patients who are at high-risk and display relapse. To improve outcomes and survival rates in such high-risk patients, it is necessary to use a multicomponent therapeutic approach. Accuracy in clinical staging of the disease and assessment of the associated risks based on biological, clinical, surgical, and pathological criteria are of paramount importance for prognosis and to effectively plan therapeutic approaches. This review discusses the staging of NB and the biological and genetic features of the disease and several current therapies including targeted delivery of chemotherapy, novel radiation therapy, and immunotherapy for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Padmanabhan Mannangatti
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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