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Ortholan C, Colin P, Serrano B, Bouet T, Garnier N, le Guyader M, Amblard R, Villeneuve R, Chanalet S, Alchaar H, Bozzolo E, Lanteri-Minet M, Fontaine D. Radiosurgery for classical trigeminal neuralgia: impact of the shot size on clinical outcome. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:51. [PMID: 37170187 PMCID: PMC10173482 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compares the outcome of patients suffering from medically refractory classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) after treatment with radiosurgery using two different shot sizes (5- and 6-mm). METHODS All patients included in this open, prospective, non-controlled study were treated in a single institution for TN (95 cases in 93 patients) with LINear ACcelerators (LINAC) single-dose radiosurgery using a 5-mm shot (43 cases) or 6-mm shot (52 cases). The target was positioned on the intracisternal part of the trigeminal nerve. RESULTS The mean Dmax (D0.035) to the brainstem was higher in the 6-mm group: 12.6 vs 21.3 Gy (p < 0.001). Pain relief was significantly better in the 6-mm group: at 12 and 24 months in the 6-mm group the rate of pain-free patients was 90.2 and 87.8%, respectively vs. 73.6 and 73.6% in the 5-mm group (p = 0.045). At 12 and 24 months post-radiosurgical hypoesthesia was more frequent in the 6-mm group: 47.0 and 58% vs.11.3 and 30.8% in the 5-mm group (p = 0.002). To investigate the effect of cone diameter and the dose to the brainstem on outcomes, patients were stratified into three groups: group 1 = 5-mm shot, (all Dmax < 25 Gy, 43 cases), group 2 = 6-mm shot, Dmax < 25 Gy (32 cases), group 3 = 6-mm shot Dmax > 25 Gy (20 cases). At 12 months the rates of hypoesthesia were 11.3, 33.5 and 76.0%, respectively in groups 1, 2 and 3 (p < 0.001) and the rates of recurrence of pain were 26.4, 16.5 and 5%, respectively, (p = 0.11). CONCLUSION LINAC treatment with a 6-mm shot provided excellent control of pain, but increased the rate of trigeminal nerve dysfunction, especially when the maximum dose to the brainstem was higher than 25 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Ortholan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, 98000, Monaco.
| | - Philippe Colin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Benjamin Serrano
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Thibault Bouet
- Pain Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Nicolas Garnier
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Maud le Guyader
- Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Regis Amblard
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Rémy Villeneuve
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Stéphane Chanalet
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, Monaco
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Haiel Alchaar
- Pain Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Eric Bozzolo
- Pain Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- FHU Inovpain, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Michel Lanteri-Minet
- Pain Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- FHU Inovpain, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- INSERM/UdA, U1107, Neuro-Dol, Trigeminal Pain and Migraine, University Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denys Fontaine
- FHU Inovpain, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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De La Peña NM, Singh R, Anderson ML, Koester SW, Sio TT, Ashman JB, Vora SA, Patel NP. High-Dose Frameless Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Single-Institution Experience and Systematic Review. World Neurosurg 2022; 167:e432-e443. [PMID: 35973520 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stereotactic radiosurgery is an effective treatment option for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (fSRS) allowing for a less invasive experience. A single-institutional series and systematic review of the literature were performed for cases of TN treated with fSRS. METHODS Patients at our institution with TN that were treated with fSRS from the years 2012-2021 were included. Similarly, multiple databases were searched for studies regarding TN treated with fSRS where patient-level data was included from 2004-2020. Pain levels, via the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale, before and after treatment were analyzed. Pooled analysis was performed to compare treatment outcomes between studies using CyberKnife and LINAC modalities. RESULTS Twenty-three patients at our institution were treated with LINAC fSRS (median treatment dose: 85 Gy). Most patients had TN refractory to previous procedural treatments. Eight (35%) patients had an excellent posttreatment response (BNI I-II), while 11 (48%) patients had a good result (BNI IIIa/b). Eight patients had recurrence of pain. A total of 30 articles were included in the systematic review, encompassing 1705 patients. At last follow-up, 63.1% (774/1227) of patients endorsed an excellent response, while 16.1% (197/1227) had a good response, and 22.5% (215/957) of patients had recurrence. Pain response, facial numbness rates, and pain recurrence rates were not significantly different between CyberKnife and LINAC modalities. CONCLUSIONS Frameless SRS for TN appears to be an efficacious noninvasive option for patients with substantial comorbidities, who have failed other treatment methods, although it can be limited by higher recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohin Singh
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Stefan W Koester
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Terence T Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jonathan B Ashman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sujay A Vora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Naresh P Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Kienzler JC, Tenn S, Chivukula S, Chu FI, Sparks HD, Agazaryan N, Kim W, Salles AD, Selch M, Gorgulho A, Kaprealian T, Pouratian N. Linear accelerator-based radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: comparative outcomes of frame-based and mask-based techniques. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:217-226. [PMID: 34826815 DOI: 10.3171/2021.8.jns21658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Precise and accurate targeting is critical to optimize outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes after SRS for TN in which two different techniques were used: mask-based 4-mm cone versus frame-based 5-mm cone. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent SRS for TN at their institution between 1996 and 2019. The Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain score and facial hypesthesia scale were used to evaluate pain relief and facial numbness. RESULTS A total of 234 patients were included in this study; the mean age was 67 years. In 97 patients (41.5%) radiation was collimated by a mask-based 4-mm cone, whereas a frame-based 5-mm cone was used in the remaining 137 patients (58.5%). The initial adequate pain control rate (BNI I-III) was 93.4% in the frame-based 5-mm group, compared to 87.6% in the mask-based 4-mm group. This difference between groups lasted, with an adequate pain control rate at ≥ 24 months of 89.9% and 77.8%, respectively. Pain relief was significantly different between groups from initial response until the last follow-up (≥ 24 months, p = 0.02). A new, permanent facial hypesthesia occurred in 30.3% of patients (33.6% in the frame-based 5-mm group vs 25.8% in the mask-based 4-mm group). However, no significant association between the BNI facial hypesthesia score and groups was found. Pain recurrence occurred earlier (median time to recurrence 12 months vs 29 months, p = 0.016) and more frequently (38.1% vs 20.4%, p = 0.003) in the mask-based 4-mm than in the frame-based 5-mm group. CONCLUSIONS Frame-based 5-mm collimator SRS for TN resulted in a better long-term pain relief with similar toxicity profiles to that seen with mask-based 4-mm collimator SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C Kienzler
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Stephen Tenn
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Srinivas Chivukula
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Fang-I Chu
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Hiro D Sparks
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Nzhde Agazaryan
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Won Kim
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Antonio De Salles
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Michael Selch
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Alessandra Gorgulho
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Tania Kaprealian
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Nader Pouratian
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- 3Department of Bioengineering, UCLA Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles; and
- 4Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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Agazaryan N, Tenn S, Pouratian N, Kaprealian T. Intra-Fraction Motion Management for Radiosurgical Treatments of Trigeminal Neuralgia: Clinical Experience, Imaging Frequency, and Motion Analysis. Cureus 2021; 13:e14616. [PMID: 34040916 PMCID: PMC8139874 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the patient positioning and intra-fraction motion management performance of an image-guidance protocol established for radiosurgical treatments of trigeminal neuralgia patients. Specifically, it also aims to analyze patient motion data for the evaluation of current motion tolerance levels and imaging frequency utilized for repositioning patients. Methods A linear accelerator equipped with ExacTrac is used for patient positioning with stereoscopic imaging and treatments. Treatments are delivered with 4-mm conical collimators using seven equally spaced arcs. Arcs are 20 degrees apart and span 100 arc degrees each. Following initial ExacTrac positioning, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is obtained for independent confirmation of patient position. Patients are then stereoscopically imaged prior to the delivery of each arc and repositioned when 0.5-mm translational tolerance in any direction is exceeded. After the patient has been repositioned, verification stereoscopic images are obtained. Data from 48 patients with 607 image pairs were analyzed for this study. Results Over the course of 48 patient treatments, the mean magnitude of mean 3D deviations was 0.64 mm ± 0.12 mm (range: 0.07-2.74 mm). With the current 0.50-mm tolerance level for repositioning, patients exceeded the tolerance 51.4% of the time considering only images following an arc segment. For those instances, patients were repositioned with a mean magnitude of 0.85 mm ± 0.15 mm (1 SD). For a 0.25-mm tolerance level, 86.1% of arc segments would have required repositioning following the delivery of an arc segment, with a mean magnitude of 0.68 mm ± 0.12 mm. Conversely, for 0.75-mm and 1.00-mm tolerance levels, the tolerance would have been exceeded only 21.5% and 6.6% of instances following the delivery of an arc segment, with a mean magnitude of 1.08 mm ± 0.21 mm and 1.34 mm ± 0.24 mm, respectively. Each repositioning adds approximately 2 minutes to treatment time, which accounts for parts of the variability in patient treatment times. Following the initial ExacTrac and CBCT, the mean treatment time from first arc to treatment end was 57 minutes (range: 33-63 minutes). Discussions The current 0.50-mm tolerance level results in a clinically manageable but significant number of patient repositions during trigeminal neuralgia treatments. Frequent patient repositioning can result from actual patient motion convolved with the accuracy and precision limitations of the image analysis. Increasing the repositioning tolerance could more selectively correct for actual patient motion and shorten the treatment time at the expense of more variations in patient position. A more lenient tolerance level of 0.75 mm would decrease the repositioning rate by approximately a factor of 2; however, the permissible magnitude of motion will increase, leading to possible dosimetric consequences. Once treatment begins, there was no trend as to when patients exceeded the tolerance. Conclusions Current imaging protocol for patient positioning and intra-fraction motion management fits the clinical workflow with clinically acceptable residual patient motion. The next important step would be to assess how the number of repositions and magnitude of residual movements affect treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nzhde Agazaryan
- Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
| | - Stephen Tenn
- Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
| | - Nader Pouratian
- Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tania Kaprealian
- Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
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Nova CV, Zakrzewska JM, Baker SR, Riordain RN. Treatment Outcomes in Trigeminal Neuralgia-A Systematic Review of Domains, Dimensions and Measures. World Neurosurg X 2020; 6:100070. [PMID: 32123867 PMCID: PMC7036566 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2020.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a painful disorder characterized by sudden electric shock-like pain. It is a rare condition for which multiple treatments are available, including medical and surgical. The best treatment option is yet to be defined, and this is related to the lack of definition in the treatment outcomes and outcome measures. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize all the outcomes and outcomes measures that have been published to date and highlight variability in their use. METHODS We have conducted a literature search using a wide range of databases (1946-2019 for medical and 2008-2019 for surgical treatment), for all intervention studies in TN. Four hundred and sixty-seven studies were selected for data extraction on TN classification, data collection method, intervention, and treatment outcomes mapped to the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT guidelines). RESULTS Most studies collected data on pain (n = 459) and side effects (n = 386) domains; however, very few collected data on the impact of treatment on physical (n = 46) and emotional functioning (n = 17) and on patient satisfaction (n = 35). There was high variability on outcome measures used for pain relief (n = 10), pain intensity (n = 9), and frequency of pain episodes (n = 3). CONCLUSIONS A clear definition of what are the important outcomes for patients with TN is essential. The choice of standardized outcome measures allowing for consistent reporting in TN treatment will allow for comparison of studies and facilitate treatment choice for patients and clinicians thus, improving health outcomes and reducing health care cost.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah R. Baker
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Richeal Ni Riordain
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Oral Medicine, Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Hanna SA, Mancini A, Dal Col AH, Asso RN, Neves-Junior WFP. Frameless Image-Guided Radiosurgery for Multiple Brain Metastasis Using VMAT: A Review and an Institutional Experience. Front Oncol 2019; 9:703. [PMID: 31440464 PMCID: PMC6693418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We undertook a structured review of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using linear particle accelerator (linac) equipment, focusing on volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technology, and frameless image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), for the treatment of brain metastases. We analyzed the role of linac SRS and its clinical applications, exploring stereotactic localization. Historically, there was a shift from fixed frames to frameless approaches, moving toward less invasive treatments. Thus, we reviewed the concepts of VMAT for multiple-target applications, comparing its dosimetric and technical features to those of other available techniques. We evaluated relevant technical issues and discussed the planning parameters that have gained worldwide acceptance to date. Thus, we reviewed the current literature on the clinical aspects of SRS, especially its main indications and how the advantages of VMAT may achieve clinical benefits in such scenarios. Finally, we reported our institutional results on IGRT-VMAT for SRS treatments for patients with multiple brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anselmo Mancini
- Radiation Oncology Department, Sírio-Libanês Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rie Nadia Asso
- Radiation Oncology Department, Sírio-Libanês Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
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Berti A, Ibars G, Wu X, Sabo A, Granville M, Suarez G, Schwade JG, Jacobson RE. Evaluation of CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Recurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia. Cureus 2018; 10:e2598. [PMID: 30013862 PMCID: PMC6039152 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has evolved as an accepted treatment for medication resistant trigeminal neuralgia. Initial results are very good but follow-up over three to five years shows a gradual return of pain in up to 50% of treated patients, often requiring further treatment. The results with repeat SRS using the isocentric Gamma Knife (GK) (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden), especially in patients having initially good results, are very similar to the outcomes after the initial treatment although there is an increased risk of residual facial numbness secondary to the additional radiation dose to the trigeminal nerve. However, after 2000, non-isocentric SRS systems began to be used for treating trigeminal neuralgia including the CyberKnife (CK) (Accuray, Sunnyvale, California) as well as various linear accelerator (LINAC) based systems. This report specifically examines a series of recurrent trigeminal cases treated by the same group of physicians with the CK system. Similar doses and locations on the trigeminal nerve and/or the root entry zone were used for both initial and repeat SRS treatment regardless of system used. Although there are numerous series reporting the use of GK for recurrent treatment for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia, there are no series reviewing the results and long-term effectiveness using CK for repeat SRS for recurrent trigeminal pain. We reviewed 23 cases that had initial treatment for trigeminal neuralgia either surgically or with SRS with either the GK or CK and then a later second procedure only with CK. The follow-up after the second CK SRS ranged from three to 13 years found that the results are very similar to the multiple reports in the literature describing second or third SRS treatments with the GK. Results of repeat radiosurgery treatment of recurrent trigeminal neuralgia appear to be independent of the system used and are primarily based on proper target and dose to the trigeminal nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Berti
- Department Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - George Ibars
- Neurosurgery, South Miami Hospital, Cyberknife Center of Miami
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Innovative Cancer Institute, Innovative Cancer Institute, Cyberknife Center of Miami
| | - Alex Sabo
- Neurology, Pain Management, Nova Southeast/larkin Community Hospital
| | | | | | - James G Schwade
- Cyberknife Center of Miami, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
| | - Robert E Jacobson
- Miami Neurosurgical Center, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, USA
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