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Braz JKFS, Martins GM, Morales N, Naulin P, Fuentes C, Barrera NP, O Vitoriano J, Rocha HAO, Oliveira MF, Alves C, Moura CEB. Live endothelial cells on plasma-nitrided and oxidized titanium: An approach for evaluating biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 113:111014. [PMID: 32487415 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of titanium plasma nitriding and oxidation on live endothelial cell viscoelasticity. For this, mechanically polished titanium surfaces and two surfaces treated by planar cathode discharge in nitriding (36N2 and 24H2) and oxidant (36O2 and 24H2). Surfaces were characterized regarding wettability, roughness and chemical composition. Rabbit aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) were cultured on the titanium surfaces. Cell morphology, viability and viscoelasticity were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction confirmed the presence of TiN0,26 on the surface (grazing angle theta 1°) of the nitrided samples, decreasing with depth. On the oxidized surface had the formation of TiO3 on the material surface (Theta 1°) and in the deeper layers was noted, with a marked presence of Ti (Theta 3°). Both plasma treatments increased surface roughness and they are hydrophilic (angle <90°). However, oxidation led to a more hydrophilic titanium surface (66.59° ± 3.65 vs. 76.88° ± 2.68; p = 0.001) due to titanium oxide films in their stoichiometric varieties (Ti3O, TiO2, Ti6O), especially Ti3O. Despite focal adhesion on the surfaces, viability was different after 24 h, as cell viability on the oxidized surface was higher than on the nitrided surface (9.1 × 103 vs. 4.5 × 103cells; p < 0.05). This can be explained by analyzing the viscoelastic property of the cellular cytoskeleton (nuclear and peripheral) by AFM. Surface oxidation significantly increased RAECs viscoelasticity at cell periphery, in comparison to the nucleus (2.36 ± 0.3 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4; p < 0.05), and to the RAECs periphery in contact with nitrided surfaces (1.36 ± 0.7; p < 0.05) and polished surfaces (1.55 ± 0.6; p < 0.05). Taken together, our results have shown that titanium plasma treatment directly increased cell viscoelasticity via surface oxidation, and this mechanobiological property subsequently increased biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Karla F S Braz
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil; Escola Multicampi de Ciências Médicas do Rio Grande do Norte, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Moura Martins
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Nicole Morales
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Naulin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Fuentes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson P Barrera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jussier O Vitoriano
- Laboratório de Plasma Aplicado a Agricultura, Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hugo A O Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Moacir F Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil.
| | - Clodomiro Alves
- Laboratório de Plasma Aplicado a Agricultura, Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Eduardo B Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil.
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Moura CEB, Queiroz Neto MF, Braz JKFS, de Medeiros Aires M, Silva Farias NB, Barboza CAG, Cavalcanti Júnior GB, Rocha HAO, Alves Junior C. Effect of plasma-nitrided titanium surfaces on the differentiation of pre-osteoblastic cells. Artif Organs 2019; 43:764-772. [PMID: 30779451 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A titanium surface nitrided by plasma contains nitrogen ions that guarantee resistance to corrosion and biocompatibility. Despite this, no descriptions concerning the influence of the expression of cell adhesion proteins and their influence on osteogenic cell differentiation are available. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the response of murine pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) cultured on nitrided titanium surfaces. Pre-osteoblastic cells were grown on polished titanium discs, used as controls, and on previously characterized plasma-nitrided titanium discs. Cells from both groups were submitted to the MTT cell viability test. The expressions of α5, α2, and β1 integrin were assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, while osteocalcin expression was assessed by flow cytometry. The nitrided surface presented higher α2 and β1 integrin expressions, as well as osteocalcin expression, when compared to the polished surface, with no alterations in cell viability. These findings seem to suggest that the plasma nitriding treatment produces a titanium surface with the potential for effective in vitro osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo B Moura
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Moacir F Queiroz Neto
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Janine Karla F S Braz
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | | | - Naisandra B Silva Farias
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto G Barboza
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre O Rocha
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Clodomiro Alves Junior
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semiarid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil
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Soliman IES, Metawa AES, Aboelnasr MAH, Eraba KT. Surface treatment of sol-gel bioglass using dielectric barrier discharge plasma to enhance growth of hydroxyapatite. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-018-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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