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Booth J, Erwin J, Burns L, Axford N, Horrell J, Wheat H, Witton R, Shawe J, Doughty J, Kaddour S, Boswell S, Devalia U, Nelder A, Paisi M. A Scoping Review of the Oral Health Status, Oral Health Behaviours and Interventions to Improve the Oral Health of Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:38. [PMID: 38392242 PMCID: PMC10887692 DOI: 10.3390/dj12020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and young people (CYP) in care experience poorer physical health and overall wellbeing in comparison to their peers. Despite this, relatively little is known about what their oral health needs and behaviours are. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a global perspective on the oral health status and behaviours of CYP in care and care leavers. It also aimed to synthesise interventions that have been trialled in this population to improve oral health. METHODS Five databases were searched, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), SocINDEX (EBSCOhost) and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (EBSCOhost), alongside grey literature sources up to January 2023. Eligibility criteria were studies that (i) reported on children and adolescents aged 25 years or younger who are currently in formal/informal foster or residential care and care leavers, (ii) pertained to oral health profile, behaviours or oral health promotion interventions (iii) and were published in the English language. Thematic analysis was used to develop the domains for oral health behaviours and interventions. RESULTS Seventy-one papers were included. Most papers were published from very high or medium Human Development Index countries. CYP in care were found to experience high levels of decay, dental trauma, periodontal disease and poorer oral health-related quality of life. Oral health behaviours included limited oral health self-care behaviours and a lack of oral health-based knowledge. The trialled interventions involved oral health education, supervised brushing and treatment or preventative dental care. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review reveals that CYP in care experience poorer oral health in comparison to their peers. They are also less likely to carry out oral health self-care behaviours. This review highlights a scarcity of interventions to improve the oral health of this population and a paucity of evidence surrounding the oral health needs of care leavers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Booth
- Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London E1 2AD, UK
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jo Erwin
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Lorna Burns
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Nick Axford
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jane Horrell
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Hannah Wheat
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Robert Witton
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jill Shawe
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Janine Doughty
- School of Dentistry, Royal Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5PS, UK
| | - Sarah Kaddour
- Pathway Oral Health Fellow, Pathway, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Skye Boswell
- Patient and Public Involvement Member, Plymouth County Council, Plymouth PL1 3BJ, UK
| | - Urshla Devalia
- Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospitals, University College London Hospitals, London NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Abigail Nelder
- Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, Plymouth PL6 8BT, UK
| | - Martha Paisi
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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Kumari A, Marya C, Oberoi SS, Nagpal R, Bidyasagar SC, Taneja P. Oral Hygiene Status and Gingival Status of the 12- to 15-year-old Orphanage Children Residing in Delhi State: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 14:482-487. [PMID: 34824500 PMCID: PMC8585902 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective To assess oral hygiene status and practices among 12- to 15-year-old orphanage children in Delhi State, India. Study design In this cross-sectional study, a one-stage cluster sampling design was carried out with orphanages as a cluster unit to assess oral hygiene status and practices among orphanage children in Delhi state, India. Results The majority of the orphanage children had good oral hygiene status (53.8%) followed by fair (32.3%) and poor (13.9%) oral hygiene status. A large proportion (48.3%) of the orphanage children had mild gingival status followed by moderate (34.9%) and severe (16.8%) gingival status. No statistical difference was reported for the distribution of oral hygiene status and gingival score across all the age-groups. Most (53%) of the orphanage children among all age-groups had good plaque status. The correlation of gingival index (GI) scores with plaque index (PI) score and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S) scores showed a significant correlation of GI scores with PI scores (r = 0.815) and OHI-S scores (r = 0.799). Conclusion The oral hygiene practices and oral hygiene status along with gingival status were found to be satisfactory among orphanage children in the present study. Clinical significance Gingival and periodontal diseases have a high prevalence among orphanages because of poor hygiene practices. Untreated oral diseases could lead to general health problems. Thus, the preventive strategies can be planned with the exact knowledge of the oral hygiene status of these special needs children in Delhi state. How to cite this article Kumari A, Marya C, Oberoi SS, et al. Oral Hygiene Status and Gingival Status of the 12- to 15-year-old Orphanage Children Residing in Delhi State: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(4):482–487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Kumari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Charumohan Marya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Oberoi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozpur, Punjab, India
| | - Ruchi Nagpal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sourav Chandra Bidyasagar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratibha Taneja
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Sayar F, Hatami B, Akhondi N, Amini E, Pourkarimkhani S. Efficacy of peer mentoring versus dentist-led instruction for knowledge enhancement about oral health: A Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.5.3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Hadi E, Maftuchan M. Kiddie doctors education strategy in improving the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene status of elementary school children. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:549-554. [PMID: 33282762 PMCID: PMC7685274 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_116_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene scores of elementary school children after being provided education by kiddie doctors. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experiment design with pretest–posttest control group model was conducted on 143 students belonging ages 8–12 years old in two selected elementary schools. Kiddie doctors educated their peers three times at four-week intervals. Baseline data were collected a week before the education, and the final data were collected a month after the third education session. Data regarding knowledge and attitude were collected using questionnaires filled in by the respondents. The oral hygiene index simplified (OHIS) and patient hygiene performance (PHP) index data were obtained through intra-oral examinations. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent t tests and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: After receiving education, there was a change in the knowledge, attitude, OHIS, and PHP scores (P = 0.005). Kiddie doctors were estimated to decrease the OHIS and PHP scores by 0.312 and 0.579 points, respectively. Conclusions: The education provided by kiddie doctors improved the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene status of children. Kiddie doctors could help health workers who are still constrained in routine promotional activities.
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Girish Babu KL, Kavayashree G. Assessment of oral health status of children living in orphanages of Hassan City, India. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_222_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Christian B, Ummer-Christian R, Blinkhorn A, Hegde V, Nandakumar K, Marino R, Chattopadhyay A. An epidemiological study of dental caries and associated factors among children residing in orphanages in Kerala, India: Health in Orphanages Project (HOPe). Int Dent J 2018; 69:113-118. [PMID: 30101521 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that, as of 2010, there were 32 million orphaned children in India. There is little published information on the oral health of children in orphanages in India. AIM To determine caries status and associated risk factors among children in orphanages in Kerala, India. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed caries using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and caries experience was reported as decayed, missing and filled primary or secondary teeth (dmft or DMFT, respectively). A brief questionnaire captured information on child oral health behaviours. Mean [standard deviation (SD)] and median [interquartile range (IQR)] scores were used to describe caries rates. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent disease predictors. Study design complexities, such as clustering by orphanage and stratification by district, were accounted for in the multivariable regression analysis. This was carried out using the survey commands in STATA 13. A value of P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Overall, 1,137 children residing in 31 orphanages across the State of Kerala were recruited to the study. Female children made up 82% of the sample. In 6-year-old children the prevalence of caries was 77% and the mean dmft score was 3.60 (SD= 3.50); in 12-year-old children the prevalence of caries was 44% and the mean DMFT score was 1.35 (SD = 1.96). Among 12-year-old children, those who reported being shown how to clean their teeth were less likely to have caries (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval: 0.38-0.95). CONCLUSION Caries rates among children in orphanages were much higher than among children in the general population in Kerala. There is an urgent need for evidence-based and sustainable primary prevention strategies to reduce the burden of caries in this highly vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Christian
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Rahila Ummer-Christian
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony Blinkhorn
- Population Oral Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vijaya Hegde
- AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
| | - K Nandakumar
- Azeezia College of Dental Science and Research, Kollam, India
| | - Rodrigo Marino
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amit Chattopadhyay
- School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, India
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Evaluation of a new method of oral health education in children with cleft lip and palate. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 19:267-271. [PMID: 29995181 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of an oral health educational programme in children with cleft lip and palate. METHODS The sample comprised 38 children with cleft lip and palate: Group 1-dental prophylaxis; Group 2-education and motivation instructions in oral health and plaque control. Children were evaluated during six appointments, at 30-day intervals. The Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index was used to assess plaque control. To evaluate the knowledge on oral health a questionnaire was used. Baseline and 6-month PHP scores were compared through Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. The questionnaire scores were analysed through t test and paired-t test. RESULTS Baseline PHP indexes between Groups exhibited no statistically significant differences, while the 6-month PHP indices between Groups showed statistically differences (p < 0.001). Group 2 showed statistically significant differences between baseline and 6-month PHP index (p < 0.001). The comparison of Groups questionnaire scores showed no statistically significant differences neither at baseline nor after 6 months. In Group 1, the level of knowledge between baseline and 6-month periods did not show statistically differences, while Group 2 did. CONCLUSIONS The oral health educational programme improved the plaque control of children with cleft lip and palate.
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