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Cazacu IM, Saftoiu A, Bhutani MS. Advanced EUS Imaging Techniques. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1588-1598. [PMID: 35451709 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07486-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina M Cazacu
- Department of Oncology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Saftoiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition-Unit 1466, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA.
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Abdellatif TE, Safwat K, Elmenshawy HH, Abdalla W, Naguib SM. Endoscopic Ultrasonography is a Promising Tool for Preoperative Prediction of the Operability of Pancreatic Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2022; 53:197-203. [PMID: 33411255 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00567-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This work discussed the efficiency of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) as a diagnostic modality for early detection of pancreatic cancer. The present study was constructed by doing imaging modalities EUS on 24 patients admitted to surgery department in the faculty of medicine with suspected pancreatic malignancy. Pancreatic cancer was found more in older ages above 55 years predominately in males coming from rural areas presenting with abdominal pain with or without jaundice. Histopathological examination revealed that ductal adenocarcinoma represented by 70.83% of cases. This study also shows significant elevation in serum CA19-9 in the presenting cases to confirm a close relation between cancer pancreas and CA19-9 as a good biochemical marker for PC. EUS was found to be able to detect masses less than 20 mm in diameter. Moreover, EUS can accurately detect the mass nature. EUS showed correct information as regards lymph node involvement and vascular invasion which affected the results of respectability of pancreatic masses. Finally, this study clearly showed that EUS is an accurate pre-operative tool in the assessment of nodal staging, vascular invasion, and respectability in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaled Safwat
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Wael Abdalla
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sameh Mohamed Naguib
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Lesmana CRA, Paramitha MS. Impact of endoscopic ultrasound elastography in pancreatic lesion evaluation. Artif Intell Gastrointest Endosc 2021; 2:168-178. [DOI: 10.37126/aige.v2.i4.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic malignancy still becomes a major global problem and is considered as one of the most lethal cancers in the field of gastroenterology. Most patients come in the late stage of the disease due to organ’s location, and until now the treatment result is still far away from satisfaction. Early detection is still the main key for good, prolonged survival. However, discerning from other types of tumor sometimes is not easy. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is still the best tool for pancreatic assessment, whereas fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is considered as the cornerstone for further management of pancreatic malignancy. Several conditions have become a concern for EUS-FNAB procedure, such as risk of bleeding, pancreatitis, and even needle track-seeding. Recently, an artificial intelligence innovation, such as EUS elastography has been developed to improve diagnostic accuracy in pancreatic lesions evaluation. Studies have shown the promising results of EUS elastography in improving diagnostic accuracy, as well as discerning from other tumor types. However, more studies are still needed with further considerations, such as adequate operator training, expertise, availability, and its cost-effectiveness in comparison to other imaging options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya Lesmana
- Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary Division, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Daerah Khusus Ibukota, Indonesia
- Digestive Disease & GI Oncology Center, Medistra Hospital, Jakarta 12950, Daerah Khusus Ibukota, Indonesia
| | - Maria Satya Paramitha
- Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary Division, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Daerah Khusus Ibukota, Indonesia
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4
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Endoscopic Ultrasonography Findings of Early and Suspected Early Chronic Pancreatitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121018. [PMID: 33261170 PMCID: PMC7760161 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with a risk of pancreatic cancer and is characterized by irreversible morphological changes, fibrosis, calcification, and exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. CP is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis and is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage. The Japan Pancreas Society proposed criteria for early CP in 2009, and their usefulness has been reported. Recently, a mechanism definition was proposed by the International Consensus Guidelines and early CP was defined as a disease state that is not based on disease duration. CP is diagnosed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopic cholangiopancreatography, which can detect calcification and dilation of the pancreatic ducts; however, detecting early CP with these modalities is difficult because subtle changes in early CP occur before established CP or end-stage CP. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is useful in the diagnosis of early CP because it allows high-resolution, close-up observation of the pancreas. In addition to imaging findings, EUS with elastography enables measurement of the stiffness of the pancreas, an objective diagnostic measure. Understanding the EUS findings of early CP is important because a histological diagnosis is problematic, and other modalities are not capable of detecting subtle changes in early CP.
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Bor R, Vasas B, Fábián A, Szűcs M, Füredi Á, Czakó L, Rutka M, Farkas K, Molnár T, Milassin Á, Bálint A, Szántó K, Hamar S, Kaizer L, Tiszlavicz L, Szepes Z. Slow-pull technique yields better quality smears: prospective comparison of slow-pull and standard suction techniques of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. Scand J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:1369-1376. [PMID: 33016159 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1825792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic accuracy and quality of smears obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) are influenced by characteristics of suction and examined organ. AIMS AND METHODS Efficiency of EUS-FNA and quality of smears obtained by slow-pull (SP) and standard suction (SS) techniques was prospectively compared in the sampling of pancreatic (N = 56) and extrapancreatic (N = 145) tumors. RESULTS SS technique resulted in a higher number of smear pairs both in pancreatic (1.74 vs. 3.19; p < 0.001) and extrapancreatic tumors (1.62 vs. 3.28; p < 0.001); however, it decreased the proportion of diagnostic smears (46.69% vs. 36.52%; p = 0.002 and 49.17% vs. 30.67%; p < 0.001) and increased the bloodiness (1.51 vs. 2.07; p < 0.001 and 1.48 vs. 2.05; p < 0.001). In pancreatic cancers, no difference was observed in terms of diagnostic accuracy (81.38% vs. 83.45%) and cellularity (1.44 vs. 1.27; p = 0.067); however, they were substantially higher in extrapancreatic tumors using SP technique (71.41% vs. 60.71% and 1.34 vs. 0.77; p < 0.001). Only SP technique resulted in a significant difference between examiners in terms of technical success rate and quality of smears without any decrease of diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS SP technique yields better quality smears independently from tumors characteristics; however, it shows significant examiner-dependency. SS technique reduces the diagnostic accuracy of sampling in extrapancreatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Bor
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Vasas
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Fábián
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika Szűcs
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Füredi
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Czakó
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mariann Rutka
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Farkas
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Molnár
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Milassin
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Bálint
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kata Szántó
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Hamar
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kaizer
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Szepes
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Dietrich CF, Burmeister S, Hollerbach S, Arcidiacono PG, Braden B, Fusaroli P, Hocke M, Iglesias-Garcia J, Kitano M, Larghi A, Napoleon B, Oppong KW, Rimbas M, Saftoiu A, Sahai AV, Sun S, Dong Y, Carrara S, Hwang JH, Jenssen C. Do we need elastography for EUS? Endosc Ultrasound 2020; 9:284-290. [PMID: 32675464 PMCID: PMC7811716 DOI: 10.4103/eus.eus_25_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently introduced a series of papers “What should be known prior to performing EUS exams.” In Part I, the authors discussed which clinical information and whether other imaging modalities are needed before embarking EUS examinations. In Part II, technical controversies on how EUS is performed were discussed from different points of view. In this article, important practical issues regarding EUS elastography will be raised and controversially discussed from very different points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F Dietrich
- Department of Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern, Switzerland; Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sean Burmeister
- Surgical Gastroenterology unit, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephan Hollerbach
- Department of Gastroenterology, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Celle, Celle, Germany
| | - Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono
- Pancreatico/Biliary Endoscopy & Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Braden
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany; Translational Gastroenterology Unit I John Radcliffe Hospital I Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Pietro Fusaroli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Bologna/Imola Hospital, Imola, Italy
| | - Michael Hocke
- Medical Department, Helios Klinikum Meiningen, Germany
| | - Julio Iglesias-Garcia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Masayuki Kitano
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Alberto Larghi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bertrand Napoleon
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Hopital Privé J Mermoz Ramsay Générale de Santé, Lyon, France
| | | | - Mihai Rimbas
- Gastroenterology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital Internal Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Saftoiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Anand V Sahai
- Center Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Siyu Sun
- Endoscopy Center, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Silvia Carrara
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center- IRCCS- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joo Ha Hwang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christian Jenssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Märkisch Oderland Strausberg/Wriezen; Brandenburg Institute of Clinical Ultrasound, Medical University Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
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Costache MI, Cazacu IM, Dietrich CF, Petrone MC, Arcidiacono PG, Giovannini M, Bories E, Garcia JI, Siyu S, Santo E, Popescu CF, Constantin A, Bhutani MS, Saftoiu A. Clinical impact of strain histogram EUS elastography and contrast-enhanced EUS for the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic masses: A prospective multicentric study. Endosc Ultrasound 2020; 9:116-121. [PMID: 32295969 PMCID: PMC7279079 DOI: 10.4103/eus.eus_69_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent advances in EUS techniques (real-time EUS elastography and contrast-enhanced EUS) have allowed a better characterization of focal pancreatic masses. Mean strain histograms (SHs) are considered a good parameter for the semi-quantitative evaluation of focal pancreatic masses, alongside complementary contrast-enhanced EUS parameters which can be quantified during both the early arterial and late venous phase. Materials and Methods: The study design was prospective, blinded, and multicentric, assessing real-time EUS elastography and contrast-enhanced EUS results for the characterization of focal pancreatic masses using parametric measurements, in comparison with pathology which is the gold standard. SHs were performed based on the embedded software of the ultrasound system, with the values being reversed as opposed to our initially published data on hue histograms. Consequently, a cutoff of 80 was derived from previous multicentric trials. Contrast-enhanced EUS also allowed the focal masses to be classified as hyper-, iso-, or hypoenhanced in comparison with the normal pancreatic parenchyma. EUS-FNA was then performed for all patients, with a positive cytological diagnosis taken as a final proof of malignancy for the pancreatic masses. The diagnoses obtained by EUS-FNA were verified further either by surgery or during a clinical follow-up of at least 6 months. Results: A total number of 97 consecutive patients with focal pancreatic masses were included in the study. Based on previously defined cutoffs of 80, the values of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the mean SHs for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer were 100%, 29.63%, 78.65%, 100%, and 80.41%, respectively. Corresponding values for contrast-enhanced EUS (taking into consideration hypoenhencement as a predictive factor of malignancy) were 98.57%, 77.78%, 92%, 95.45%, and 92.78%, respectively. Combining contrast enhancement-EUS (hypoenhencement) and semi-quantitative EUS elastography (SH cutoffs <80), the resulting values corresponding for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 98.57%, 81.48%, and 93.81%, respectively. Conclusion: The current study using objective parametric tools for both EUS elastography and contrast-enhanced EUS confirmed the results of previous studies and meta-analyses that indicated a complementary role for the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic masses. Moreover, the best values for the receiver operating curves were obtained using a sequential clinical algorithm based on the initial use of elastography, followed by contrast enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălin Ionuţ Costache
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Irina M Cazacu
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christoph F Dietrich
- Medical Department, Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim, Main-Tauber-Kreis, Germany
| | - Maria Chiara Petrone
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc Giovannini
- Endoscopy Unit, Paoli Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France
| | - Erwan Bories
- Endoscopy Unit, Paoli Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sun Siyu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Erwin Santo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carmen Florina Popescu
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Department of Pathology, Cytology Laboratory, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Constantin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ponderas Academic Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adrian Saftoiu
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
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The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Endoscopic Resection for Gastric Glomus: A Case Series and Literature Review. J Transl Int Med 2019; 7:149-154. [PMID: 32010601 PMCID: PMC6985914 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2019-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Preoperative diagnosis of gastric glomus tumor is very difficult, and there are few reports regarding the endoscopic treatment of glomus tumor of the stomach. Our aim is to provide a retrospective assessment of the imaging features of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and treatment of choice of gastric glomus tumor. Methods A database of all patients with gastric glomus tumor who was treated at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between March 2011 and March 2017 was retrospectively analyzed. The EUS characteristics and patients’ clinical data as well as their treatment were reviewed. At the same time, we compared EUS characteristics of gastric glomus tumor with that of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISTs), leiomyomas, schwannomas, and ectopic pancreas. Results Eleven patients (3 male and 8 female patients) were included in the present study. The patients’ age ranged from 37 to 62 years (mean age, 50.1 years). Ten patients received EUS examination. Eight lesions were presented with mild-hyperechoic round or oval mass; one lesion was mild-hyperechoic oval mass with hypoechoic spots; one lesion was hypoechoic oval mass. One patient received endoscopic full-thickness resection; 3 patients were treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection; and laparoscopic resection was performed for 7 patients. Conclusions Gastric glomus has typical EUS features to differentiate from other submucosal tumors. Compared with surgery, endoscopic resection is also a safe and effective treatment of choice for gastric glomus tumor.
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