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Khalifa R, Kammoun R, Mansour L, Ben Alaya T, Ghoul S. Enamel renal syndrome: A case report with calcifications in pulp, gingivae, dental follicle and kidneys. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:722-728. [PMID: 37558632 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enamel renal syndrome is a rare genetic disorder transmitted through an autosomal recessive mode. It is featured by a hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, delayed tooth eruption, gingival fibromatosis, and nephrocalcinosis. The aim of this study was to describe clinically, radiologically, and histologically the main features of enamel renal syndrome and to point out the role of dentists in early diagnosing this genetic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our case of enamel renal syndrome was initially described by clinical, radiographic, and genealogic data, then complemented by ultrasound examination of the kidneys and microscopic observation of gingivae. RESULTS The study showed the presence of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), several teeth impaction, gingival hyperplasia, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, and multiple calcifications in pulp, gingiva, dental follicle, and kidneys. CONCLUSION The patient was followed for a full mouth rehabilitation and also referred to a nephrology for global medical checkup. The dentist plays a key role in diagnosing genetic diseases and in referring patients for medical comprehensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeb Khalifa
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- ABCDF Laboratory for Biological Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Avicenna Avenue, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rym Kammoun
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- ABCDF Laboratory for Biological Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Avicenna Avenue, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Radiology, University Dental Clinic, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Mansour
- ABCDF Laboratory for Biological Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Avicenna Avenue, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Touhami Ben Alaya
- Department of Radiology, University Dental Clinic, Monastir, Tunisia
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ghoul
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- ABCDF Laboratory for Biological Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Avicenna Avenue, Monastir, Tunisia
- International Faculty of Dental Medicine, BioMed Unit, College of Health Sciences, International University of Rabat, Technopolis Parc, Rocade of Rabat-Salé, Sala-Al Jadida, Morocco
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Roomaney IA, Kabbashi S, Beshtawi K, Moosa S, Chothia MY, Chetty M. Case report: Enamel renal syndrome: a case series from sub-Saharan Africa. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1228760. [PMID: 37675434 PMCID: PMC10477592 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1228760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enamel Renal Syndrome (ERS) (OMIM # 204690) is a rare genetic condition characterised by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, failed tooth eruption, intra-pulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement and occasionally nephrocalcinosis. In this case series, we report on four unrelated patients with a confirmed molecular diagnosis of ERS (FAM20A pathogenic variants) from Sub-Saharan Africa. The pathognomonic oral profile of ERS was mostly fulfilled in these patients, with the notable addition of an odontoma in one patient. The cases presented a spectrum of phenotypic severity both dentally and systemically. One patient presented with nephrocalcinosis and abnormal kidney function, one had reduced kidney size with normal kidney function, and two had no renal abnormalities. Patients presenting with the oral profile of ERS should receive a prompt referral to a nephrologist and a geneticist. They should receive long-term management from a multidisciplinary medical and dental team.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. A. Roomaney
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S. Kabbashi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K. Beshtawi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Study, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - S. Moosa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
- Medical Genetics, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M. Y. Chothia
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M. Chetty
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Roomaney IA, Kabbashi S, Chetty M. Enamel Renal Syndrome: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e29702. [PMID: 34851300 PMCID: PMC8672286 DOI: 10.2196/29702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enamel renal syndrome (ERS) (OMIM 204690) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, failed tooth eruption, intrapulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement, and nephrocalcinosis. The rarity of the condition and the variability of the phenotype has led to ERS not being fully characterized. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to account for the range and current state of knowledge on ERS and synthesize these findings into a comprehensive summary, focusing on the pathophysiology, genotype-phenotype correlations, and patient management from a dental perspective. METHODS The authors will conduct a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), BioMed Central, EbscoHost Web, Web of Science, and WorldCat. We will include all studies with human participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ERS. Articles will be screened in two stages (ie, initially by title and abstract screening and then full-text screening by two independent reviewers). Data extraction will be conducted using a customized electronic data extraction form. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies. We will structure the results according to themes. RESULTS This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. The electronic search was conducted in July 2020 and updated in April 2021. The research findings will be published in an open access journal. CONCLUSIONS Dentists should be able to identify patients with clinical features of ERS so that they receive appropriate referrals for renal evaluation, genetic counseling, and oral rehabilitation to increase the patient's quality of life. A scoping review is the most appropriate method to conduct this comprehensive exploration of the current evidence, which may be sparse due to the rarity of the condition. It will also enable us to identify gaps in the research. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework; https://osf.io/cghsa. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/29702.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imaan A Roomaney
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Salma Kabbashi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Manogari Chetty
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Costa CRR, Braz SV, de Toledo IP, Martelli-Júnior H, Mazzeu JF, Guerra ENS, Coletta RD, Acevedo AC. Syndromes with gingival fibromatosis: A systematic review. Oral Dis 2020; 27:881-893. [PMID: 32335995 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of systematic review was to describe the phenotypes and molecular profiles of syndromes with gingival fibromatosis (GF). METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed, LILACS, Livivo, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted using key terms relevant to the research questions and supplemented by a gray literature search. The Methodological Quality and Synthesis of Case Series and Case Reports in association with the Case Series and Prevalence Studies from the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used for the risk of bias. We followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. RESULTS Eighty-four studies reporting GF as an oral manifestation of a syndrome were identified in this review. Enamel renal syndrome was the most frequently reported syndrome with GF, represented by 54 individuals in 19 studies, followed by Zimmermann-Laband syndrome with 24 individuals in 15 studies and Costello syndrome, which was presented in a case series study with 41 individuals. Among reported cases, other clinical manifestations such as hypertrichosis, ectopic gingival calcification, and cherubism were described. CONCLUSIONS The results emphasize the need of systematic oro-dental-facial phenotyping for future descriptions as well as further molecular analysis in order to better understand the occurrence of syndromic GF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio Rodrigues Rezende Costa
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Brazil
| | - Shélida Vasconcelos Braz
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Isabela Porto de Toledo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Hercilio Martelli-Júnior
- Dental School, Stomatology Clinic, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil.,Center for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Dental School, University of José Rosario Vellano, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Forte Mazzeu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, Health Sciences Faculty, Division of Dentistry, University Hospital of Brasilia, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
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