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Durpoix A, Rolling J, Coutelle R, Lalanne L. Psychotherapies in opioid use disorder: toward a step-care model. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:437-452. [PMID: 37987829 PMCID: PMC11055728 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is characterized by a lack of control in opioid use, resulting in psychological distress and deficits in interpersonal and social functioning. OUD is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities that increase the severity of the disorder. The consequences of OUD are dramatic in terms of increased morbi-mortality. Specific medications and psychotherapies are essential tools not only in the treatment of OUD but also in the prevention of suicide and overdoses. In our review, we assess the different types of psychotherapies (counseling, motivational interviewing, contingency management, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and dialectical-behavior therapy) that are delivered to opioid users, either associated or un-associated with OUD medications and/or medications for psychiatric disabilities. We describe the application of these therapies first to adult opioid users and then to adolescents. This work led us to propose a stepped-care model of psychotherapies for OUD which provided information to assist clinicians in decision-making regarding the selection of psychotherapeutic strategies according to patients' OUD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Durpoix
- Addictology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Rolling
- Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Regional Center for Psychotrauma Great East, Strasbourg, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 3212 (CNRS UPR 3212), Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI), Strasbourg, France
| | - Romain Coutelle
- Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM U1114, Cognitive Neuropsychology, and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Lalanne
- Addictology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France.
- INSERM U1114, Cognitive Neuropsychology, and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France.
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Ganesh S, Sharma LP, Das B. Hybrid Tele-cognitive Behavioural Therapy (Ht-CBT) for Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: An Innovation Integrating In-person and Online Psychotherapy. Indian J Psychol Med 2024; 46:276-278. [PMID: 38699761 PMCID: PMC11062316 DOI: 10.1177/02537176231219768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Ganesh
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- Schizophrenia Neuropharmacology Research Group, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lavanya P. Sharma
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Basudeb Das
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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3
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Coelho DRA, Salvi JD, Vieira WF, Cassano P. Inflammation in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A literature review and hypothesis-based potential of transcranial photobiomodulation. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25317. [PMID: 38459770 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling neuropsychiatric disorder that affects about 2%-3% of the global population. Despite the availability of several treatments, many patients with OCD do not respond adequately, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have associated various inflammatory processes with the pathogenesis of OCD, including alterations in peripheral immune cells, alterations in cytokine levels, and neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that inflammation could be a promising target for intervention. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) with near-infrared light is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique that has shown potential for several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, its efficacy in OCD remains to be fully explored. This study aimed to review the literature on inflammation in OCD, detailing associations with T-cell populations, monocytes, NLRP3 inflammasome components, microglial activation, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, CRP, IL-1β, and IL-6. We also examined the hypothesis-based potential of t-PBM in targeting these inflammatory pathways of OCD, focusing on mechanisms such as modulation of oxidative stress, regulation of immune cell function, reduction of proinflammatory cytokine levels, deactivation of neurotoxic microglia, and upregulation of BDNF gene expression. Our review suggests that t-PBM could be a promising, noninvasive intervention for OCD, with the potential to modulate underlying inflammatory processes. Future research should focus on randomized clinical trials to assess t-PBM's efficacy and optimal treatment parameters in OCD. Biomarker analyses and neuroimaging studies will be important in understanding the relationship between inflammatory modulation and OCD symptom improvement following t-PBM sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Richer Araujo Coelho
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua D Salvi
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for OCD and Related Disorders, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Willians Fernando Vieira
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Bonanno M, Papa D, Cerasa A, Maggio MG, Calabrò RS. Psycho-Neuroendocrinology in the Rehabilitation Field: Focus on the Complex Interplay between Stress and Pain. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:285. [PMID: 38399572 PMCID: PMC10889914 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress and chronic pain share neuro-anatomical, endocrinological, and biological features. However, stress prepares the body for challenging situations or mitigates tissue damage, while pain is an unpleasant sensation due to nociceptive receptor stimulation. When pain is chronic, it might lead to an allostatic overload in the body and brain due to the chronic dysregulation of the physiological systems that are normally involved in adapting to environmental challenges. Managing stress and chronic pain (CP) in neurorehabilitation presents a significant challenge for healthcare professionals and researchers, as there is no definitive and effective solution for these issues. Patients suffering from neurological disorders often complain of CP, which significantly reduces their quality of life. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the correlation between stress and pain and their potential negative impact on the rehabilitation process. Moreover, we described the most relevant interventions used to manage stress and pain in the neurological population. In conclusion, this review sheds light on the connection between chronic stress and chronic pain and their impact on the neurorehabilitation pathway. Our results emphasize the need for tailored rehabilitation protocols to effectively manage pain, improve treatment adherence, and ensure comprehensive patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Bonanno
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.B.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Davide Papa
- International College of Osteopathic Medicine, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Italy;
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- S’Anna Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy;
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
- Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Maggio
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, 98124 Messina, Italy; (M.B.); (R.S.C.)
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Dehkordi FJ, Farani AR, Gharraee B, Shati M, Ashouri A. Efficacy of Personalized-Computerized Inhibitory Training program (PCIT) combined with exposure and response prevention on treatment outcomes in patients with contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:181. [PMID: 37404907 PMCID: PMC10317278 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_324_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) including exposure and response prevention (ERP) is the most effective and first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, a significant number of people leave it or do not respond to it effectively. The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of personalized-computerized inhibitory training (P-CIT) program combined with ERP on treatment outcomes in patients with contamination OCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present research method was based on an experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and the two intervention and control groups. Thirty patients with contamination OCD were randomly assigned to the two groups of intervention and control based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measures used in this study were Yale-Brown Scale, Stroop task, World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales -21. RESULTS The results showed a significant reduction in severity of symptoms (F = 0.75, P < 001) and severity of anxiety (F = 0.75, P < 001) for the intervention group. Furthermore, task control (F = 12.44, P < 001), mental health (F = 28.32, P < 001), physical health (F = 2.48, P < 001), and overall quality of life (F = 0.19, P = 001) improved in the intervention group after the intervention. CONCLUSION When P-CIT is exerted along with ERP, it may enhance inhibition of compulsions and increase the efficacy of ERP through improved task control, thereby resulting in reduced symptom severity and improved treatment outcomes in patients with contamination OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ramezani Farani
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Gharraee
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shati
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ashouri
- Department of Clinical and Applied Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Majidzadeh S, Mirghafourvand M, Farvareshi M, Yavarikia P. The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:332. [PMID: 37170227 PMCID: PMC10174601 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women's mental health has a significant impact on the health of society. Due to the prevalence of mental health problems in women with PCOS, this study aimed to determine the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety (primary outcomes) and quality of life (secondary outcomes) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was performed on 84 patients with PCOS referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz-Iran, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 42) and control (n = 42) groups. Counseling with cognitive behavioral therapy was provided in 8 sessions of 60-90 min weekly in groups with 5 to 7 people in each group for the intervention group. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety, Beck Depression, and Quality of Life Questionnaire for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ) were used to collect data. Independent t-test and ANCOVA were used to compare the outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS After the intervention, based on ANCOVA test with adjusting the baseline values, mean scores of depression (mean difference (MD): -18.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -19.4 to -17.8: P < 0.001), trait anxiety (MD: -15.0; 95% CI: -16.0 to -13.9; P < 0.001), and state anxiety (MD: -15.3; 95% CI: -16.2 to -14.3; P < 0.001), were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean score of quality of life (MD: 19.25; 95% CI: 17.66 to 20.84; P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION This study showed that CBT was effective in reducing depression and anxiety and improving the quality of life. Therefore it is recommended that health care providers use this approach to improve the mental health and quality of life of women with PCOS. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20110826007418N7. Date of registration: 25/10/2021. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/57348 ; Date of first registration: 25/10/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Majidzadeh
- Department of midwifery, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Farvareshi
- Clinical Psychologist, Razi Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Yavarikia
- Department of midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Efficacy of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety among Global Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071224. [PMID: 35885751 PMCID: PMC9315502 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety have become the most common mental health disorders worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, and increasing interest in telemedicine has led to the innovation of using internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT). Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of iCBT for depression and anxiety among the global population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest, Wiley, and Web of Science using the PRISMA framework, and only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the study. A critical appraisal was also performed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias (RoB) 2. The meta-analysis used random-effects models to analyze pooled mean difference (MD) and its p-value. Results: Twelve RCTs were included for qualitative analysis and nine RCTs, which yielded 6778 patients with depression and 6556 patients with anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, were included for quantitative analysis. Despite high heterogeneity, all studies had a low risk of bias. Pre- and post-iCBT intervention in the depression forest plot depicts a significant effect (p < 0.00001) with a pooled MD of 4.73 (95% CI: 4.55−4.90), while the pre- and post-iCBT intervention depicts a significant effect (p < 0.00001) with a pooled MD of 4.50 (95% CI: 4.34−4.67). This demonstrates that iCBT was found to significantly decrease depression and anxiety scores in patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, substantial heterogeneity was also found (I2 = 93%; p < 0.00001 and I2 = 90%) for the pre-/post-depression and anxiety forest plots, respectively. Conclusions: This meta-analysis comprises an evidence-based result for iCBT to treat depression and anxiety in the COVID-19 population, as indicated by the significantly lower assessment scores. Delivering iCBT in this situation needs to be considered more extensively, as it has promising results and yields the benefits of technological advancement in psychotherapy.
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Maximizing the non-specific factors in brief cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder and agoraphobia: A multiple baseline case series documenting feasibility and initial efficacy. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 72:103069. [PMID: 35339872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence for non-specific factors impacting treatment outcomes, with pragmatic concerns regarding the need to popularize briefer formats of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The need to have more culturally suitable and acceptable forms of CBT is also indicated. We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a brief 5 session CBT (bCBT) in participants (N = 4) with panic disorder (PD) and agoraphobia, using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design. In this case series, efforts were made to maximize non-specific factors of psychotherapy in bringing about treatment outcomes. Reliable and significant treatment effects were observed at post-intervention and follow-up assessments. The present study offers preliminary evidence of a bCBT protocol that comprises the efforts to maximize the non-specific factors in psychotherapy such as credibility, expectancy, and the therapeutic alliance in bringing treatment outcomes; however, further controlled evaluation is warranted. We also discuss the mechanisms contributing to these treatment outcomes in the present protocol.
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Adolescent Girls' Body Dysmorphic Symptoms: A Path Analysis of Body Dysmorphic Disorder Based on Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms, Obsessive and Metacognitive Beliefs. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-021-00631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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Edwards M, Kaz A, Wander PL. Trichobezoar Without Trichotillomania-a Case Report. J Gen Intern Med 2022; 37:962-965. [PMID: 34981351 PMCID: PMC8904306 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-07194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Edwards
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Andrew Kaz
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pandora L Wander
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Complementary and alternative medicine mention and recommendations in guidelines for anxiety: A systematic review and quality assessment. Psychiatry Res 2022; 309:114388. [PMID: 35051879 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 43% of patients with anxiety disorders (ADS) use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), however, many healthcare providers receive little training on this topic. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are relied upon to guide decision-making, especially with respect to topics less familiar to healthcare providers. In the present study, we identified the quantity and assessed the quality of CAM recommendations in CPGs for the treatment and/or management of ADS. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were systematically searched from 2009 to April 2020 to identify eligible CPGs. In addition, the Guidelines International Network and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health websites were also searched. Eligible CPGs containing CAM recommendations were evaluated using AGREE II. RESULTS Eleven CPGs were eligible, of which six made CAM recommendations. Average scaled domain percentages for these six CPGs from highest to lowest were as follows (% overall, % CAM): clarity and presentation (83.3%, 73.6%); scope and purpose (77.8%, 76.4%); editorial independence (69.4%, 36.8%); stakeholder involvement (55.6%, 31.9%); rigour of development (53.1%, 46.9%); and applicability (43.8%, 29.2%). CONCLUSIONS A need exists to improve the quality of CAM recommendations in anxiety CPGs through insight from AGREE II and other CPG development resources.
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Sam JM, Ismail SIF, Tan KA, Sidik SM, Osman ZJ. Evaluating the Change Process of a Brief Cognitive Behavior Therapy Workshop for Psychological Distress Among Primary Care Self-Referrals in Selangor, Malaysia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:848094. [PMID: 35757226 PMCID: PMC9231521 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.848094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of psychological distress in primary care, only a limited number of individuals can benefit from early and evidenced-based psychological approach. Barriers to help-seeking attributable to stigma, lack of proper care pathway to evidence-based psychological interventions, and a high volume of primary care attendees are among the factors that contribute to the inadequate psychological treatments. This study examined the implementation of a change process using a brief cognitive behavioral therapy (b-CBT) workshop as a potential approach in managing psychological distress among 73 primary care self-referrals using purposive sampling. One-way repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze changes in psychological distress within a non-randomized quasi-experimental study. Results revealed significant differences in psychological distress using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items at three time points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up). Implementation of the b-CBT workshop showed positive changes for psychological distress, suggesting the possibility of integrating brief, non-stigmatized, and evidence-based psychological approach at the primary care level. However, the self-referral characteristics of the attendees remain unknown. Factors such as potential feasibility, participant's usability and satisfaction, and implementation of b-CBT workshop to improve psychological distress are discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng Mun Sam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Irma Fadhilah Ismail
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Aun Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Sherina Mohd Sidik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Jamil Osman
- Department of Medicine, International Medical School, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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Reddy YCJ, Arumugham SS, Balachander S. Cognitive-behavioral and related therapies for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2021; 34:467-476. [PMID: 34292182 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention is the first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disorders such as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). We review here recent developments in CBT and related therapies in treating OCD and related disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Superiority of CBT over medications in treating OCD is being questioned by some recent meta-analyses, nonetheless CBT continues to be the mainstay of treatment. Web-based therapies have been shown to be beneficial in treating at least mild-to-moderately ill patients. Mindfulness-based CBT, intensive residential treatment and Bergen 4-day concentrated exposure are also proving to be useful in treating OCD. Large well designed studies have demonstrated the efficacy CBT over supportive therapy in treating BDD. Research on the efficacy of CBT in treating hoarding disorder is accumulating. SUMMARY Efficacy of web-based CBT has a potential public health importance in that CBT may now become accessible to all and benefit at least mild-to-moderately ill patients who form most of the clinically ill sample. Similarly, efficacy of Bergen 4-day concentrated exposure will have a huge public health implication if the findings can be replicated in other centers across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Srinivas Balachander
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Clinic
- Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain Disorders Using Stem Cells (ADBS)
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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