Adding diet and exercise counseling to the health promotion plan alleviates anthropometric and metabolic complications in patients with metabolic syndrome

Effect of education and counseling on anthropometric measures and healthy lifestyle behavior among overweight and obese women

BACKGROUND

It is extremely important to develop and maintain healthy lifestyle behaviors, particularly in overweight and obese women.

PURPOSE

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of education and counseling on healthy lifestyle behaviors among overweight and obese women who attend a sports center.

METHODS

This pretest-posttest interventional study included a total of 60 women aged 18-49 years [intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30)]. The data were collected using an introductory information form, the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale II, and an anthropometric measurements follow-up form. The participants in the intervention group were provided with education and counseling. The control group was administered the standard procedure at the sports center.

RESULTS

In the pretest comparison of the intervention and control groups, values of health responsibility, interpersonal relations, and spiritual development were greater in the control group than in the intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the posttest comparison, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of waist/hip ratio, BMI, interpersonal relations, and spiritual development (p > 0.05). It was found in multiple regression analysis: the BMI posttest (β = -0.250, p = 0.028) predict negatively 25% of the HLBS II posttest total score and being in the intervention group (β = 0.486, p < 0.001) predict positively 49% of (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Training and counseling based on the health promotion model are effective in developing healthy lifestyle behaviors. Women aged 18-49 years should be more frequently monitored in terms of obesity.

Weight Management Interventions for Adults With Overweight or Obesity: An Evidence Analysis Center Scoping Review

The objectives of this evidence scoping review were to identify and characterize studies investigating weight management interventions provided by a registered dietitian nutritionist or international equivalent (RDN) among adults with overweight or obesity. A medical librarian conducted an electronic literature search in 6 databases-MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PyscINFO (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL (Ovid), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid), and CINAHL (Ebsco). Except for narrative review, gray literature, and case study or report, all types of peer-reviewed articles published between January 2008 and April 26, 2019 were eligible. Two content advisors, who are experts in adult weight management, guided the process and reviewed the search plan and findings. The literature search resulted in 30,551 records with 16 additional records identified through other sources. A total of 29,756 records were excluded during the first round of screening due to duplication or irrelevancy. Of the 811 full-text articles that were screened, 139 met the criteria and were included. Approximately 51% and 43% of the studies were conducted in the community setting and in the United States or Canada, respectively. Over 97% of the studies were clinical or quasi-experimental trials. A total of 6 different intervention delivery modes were reported, which resulted in 22 combinations of the modes of delivery. RDNs delivered the weight management intervention (especially the nutrition component) in all studies, but some (61%) also involved an interdisciplinary team to deliver other components of the intervention. The average length of the intervention was about 10 months with a follow-up that ranged from 0 to 9 years. The commonly reported outcomes were anthropometrics, endocrine, and cardiovascular measures; dietary intake; and physical activity. Based on the scoping review, there were systematic reviews and evidence-based practice guidelines on weight management interventions but none of them met the a priori inclusion or exclusion criteria. Therefore, it would be beneficial to conduct a systematic review and develop an evidence-based practice guideline on adult weight management interventions provided by an RDN to guide practitioners and to evaluate their effects on health and nutrition-related outcomes.