1
|
Wijffels G, Sullivan ML, Stockwell S, Briscoe S, Li Y, McCulloch R, Olm J, Cawdell-Smith J, Gaughan JB. Comparing the responses of grain fed feedlot cattle under moderate heat load and during subsequent recovery with those of feed restricted thermoneutral counterparts: plasma biochemistry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:2205-2221. [PMID: 35963925 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Responses to heat stress in ruminants reflect the integration of local climatic conditions, environment/production system and the animal's homeostatic and homeorhetic capacities. Thus, the goal of ameliorating heat stress requires experimental settings that, within limits, closely resemble the target production system and cohort. We investigated the blood biochemical changes of two sequential cohorts of twelve 518 ± 23 kg grain fed Black Angus steers. Each cohort consisted of two treatments of 6 head/group: a thermally challenged (TC) treatment and a feed restricted thermoneutral (FRTN) treatment. Both groups were housed in climate controlled rooms for 19 days, with the TC group experiencing three distinct periods: PreChallenge, Challenge and Recovery. PreChallenge and Recovery delivered thermoneutral conditions, while Challenge consisted of 7 days of moderate diurnal heat load. The FRTN group was maintained in thermoneutral conditions at all times. Both groups were then relocated to outdoor pens for a further 40 days to detect any enduring change to metabolism as a consequence of the treatments. We compared blood biochemical responses of the treatments and inferred likely metabolic changes. Relative to the FRTN group, the TC animals experienced limited supply of triglycerides, cholesterol and glutamine during moderate heat load, suggesting constraints to energy metabolism. Lower blood urea during Recovery and in outdoor pens implied a requirement to capture N rather than allow its excretion. Altered liver enzyme profiles indicated a higher level of hepatic stress in the TC group. By the completion of feedlot finishing, the groups were not separable on most measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gene Wijffels
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia.
| | - M L Sullivan
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, 4343, Australia
| | - S Stockwell
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia
| | - S Briscoe
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia
| | - Y Li
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia
| | - R McCulloch
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia
| | - J Olm
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, 4343, Australia
| | - J Cawdell-Smith
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, 4343, Australia
| | - J B Gaughan
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, 4343, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mahmood S, Basarab JA, Dixon WT, Bruce HL. Can potential for dark cutting be predicted by phenotype? Relationship between sex, carcass characteristics, and the incidence of dark cutting beef. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2015-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent research indicated that reduced carcass muscling and weight are associated with beef dark cutting. Existing data from a single farm (44 heifers, 136 steers) from three normal beef quality grades (Canada AAA, AA, A) and the dark cutting grade (Canada B4) (n = 35, 106, 28, and 11, respectively) were used to identify relationships between sex, live animal, and carcass characteristics and the incidence of dark cutting. Categorical modelling showed a trend (P = 0.106) for heifer carcasses to have a greater probability [11.36 ± 4.78% standard error of the mean (SEM)] of dark cutting than carcasses from steers (4.4 ± 1.76% SEM). Mixed model analysis of variance indicated dark cutting heifers weighed less than cattle from normal grades at weaning (P = 0.0229) and slaughter (P = 0.0295). Logistic regression revealed that the probability of each carcass grade occurring was influenced by dry matter intake (DMI) (P = 0.0034), and the probability of dark cutting was lowest (P = 0.0286) in cattle with carcasses greater than 300 kg. Results suggested that cattle at risk of dark cutting may be identified by weight, average daily gain (ADG), and feed intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mahmood
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture/Forestry Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - John A. Basarab
- Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - Walter T. Dixon
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture/Forestry Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Heather L. Bruce
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture/Forestry Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zotte AD, Rémignon H, Ouhayoun J. Effect of feed rationing during post-weaning growth on meat quality, muscle energy metabolism and fibre properties of Biceps femoris muscle in the rabbit. Meat Sci 2005; 70:301-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2004] [Revised: 11/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
4
|
Janz J, Aalhus J, Price M. Blast chilling and low voltage electrical stimulation influences on bison (Bison bison bison) meat quality. Meat Sci 2001; 57:403-11. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(00)00118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2000] [Revised: 09/15/2000] [Accepted: 09/15/2000] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
5
|
Janz J, Aalhus J, Price M, Schaefer A. The influence of elevated temperature conditioning on bison (Bison bison bison) meat quality. Meat Sci 2000; 56:279-84. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(00)00054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/1999] [Revised: 05/09/2000] [Accepted: 05/09/2000] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|