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Li Y, Wu J, Wang C, Jia Z, Yang Z, Lin W, Ge J, Zhao L. Development of one-step multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of CHV-1, CAdV-2, and CDV. Front Vet Sci 2025; 12:1583769. [PMID: 40417353 PMCID: PMC12098444 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1583769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) is a highly contagious disease that frequently affects canine populations and has emerged as a global epidemic. It has been reported that CIRDC can have a serious impact on related life. Therefore, the rapid detection and differentiation of common viruses that cause CIRDC are essential. It is generally believed that CIRDC is mainly caused by infection of three pathogens: canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1), canine adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2), and canine distemper virus (CDV). In this study, we developed and validated a TaqMan probe-based multiplex real-time PCR method to detect and identify these three viruses simultaneously. We designed specific primers and probes, and optimized the concentrations of each reactant in the system. The method was found to have good sensitivity, specificity and stability, and had a limit of detection of 102 copies/μL, 101 copies/μL and 101 copies/μL for CHV-1, CAdV-2, and CDV, respectively. In addition, co-infection simulation experiments confirmed that the method worked effectively, even if the concentrations of multiple viruses in the sample were close to the limit of detection or the concentrations of different viruses were different. The method was used to detect 122 clinical samples, and the results showed that it was more sensitive and reliable than conventional singleplex PCR. Thus, the method developed in this study is suitable for the clinical monitoring of CIRDC and is of great significance for the prevention and management of respiratory diseases in canine populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junwei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Rocchigiani AM, Bertoldi L, Coradduzza E, Lostia G, Pintus D, Scivoli R, Cancedda MG, Fiori MS, Bechere R, Murtino AP, Pala G, Cardeti G, Macioccu S, Dettori MA, Pintore A, Ligios C, Puggioni G. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Two Canine Herpesvirus 1 (CaHV-1) Isolates and Clinicopathological Outcomes of Infection in French Bulldog Puppies. Viruses 2024; 16:209. [PMID: 38399985 PMCID: PMC10893542 DOI: 10.3390/v16020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine herpesvirus 1 (CaHV-1) infects dogs, causing neonatal death and ocular, neurological, respiratory, and reproductive problems in adults. Although CaHV-1 is widespread in canine populations, only four studies have focused on the CaHV-1 whole genome. In such context, two CaHV-1 strains from both the kidney and spleen of 20-day-old deceased French Bulldog puppies were recently isolated in Sardinia, Italy. The extracted viral DNA underwent whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The Italian CaHV-1 genomes were nearly identical (>99%), shared the same tree branch, and clustered near the ELAL-1 (MW353125) and BTU-1 (KX828242) strains, enlarging the completely separated clade discussed by Lewin et al., in 2020. This study aims to provide new insights on the evolution of the CaHV-1, based on high-resolution whole-genome phylogenetic analysis, and on its clinicopathological characterization during a fatal outbreak in puppies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Rocchigiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Elisabetta Coradduzza
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Giada Lostia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Davide Pintus
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Rosario Scivoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Cancedda
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Mariangela Stefania Fiori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Roberto Bechere
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Anna Pina Murtino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Pala
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Giusy Cardeti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, 00178 Roma, Italy;
| | - Simona Macioccu
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Dettori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonio Pintore
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Ciriaco Ligios
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Giantonella Puggioni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.R.); (G.L.); (D.P.); (R.S.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.F.); (R.B.); (A.P.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.); (M.A.D.); (A.P.); (C.L.); (G.P.)
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Domrazek K, Jurka P. Prevalence of Chlamydophila spp. and Canid herpesvirus-1 in Polish dogs. Vet World 2024; 17:226-232. [PMID: 38406369 PMCID: PMC10884577 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.226-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Chlamydophila spp. affect Leydig and Sertoli cells by dysregulating spermatogenesis, inducing apoptosis and sperm DNA fragmentation, as well as benign prostate hyperplasia. Canid herpes virus 1 (CHV-1) infection in male dogs is manifested by lesions on the base of the penis and foreskin. There is a lack of information on the influence of these microorganisms on the quality of canine semen. Seroprevalence of Chlamydophila spp. (55%-61%) and CHV-1 (22%-81%) in Europe is high. The prevalence of Chlamydophila spp. and CHV-1 has been evaluated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) only in Sweden and Croatia, respectively. No positive samples were detected in either case. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological situation in Polish male dogs (PMDs) to provide a solution to limit the spread of these microorganisms using assisted reproduction techniques or elimination from the reproduction of CHV-1 carriers. In addition, we assessed the semen quality of Chlamydophila spp. carriers and CHV-1 carriers. Materials and Methods Cotton swabs were collected from prepuce or semen from each dog (n = 130). Real-time PCR for Chlamydophila spp. and CHV-1, as well as semen analysis, was performed using the computer-assisted semen analysis system. Results To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Chlamydophila spp. infection in PMD confirmed by real-time PCR. All parameters, except progressive movement in Chlamydophila semen carriers, were normal. Conclusion The average velocity values for a dog with Chlamydia are detailed. No CHV-1 was detected. The results achieved should be verified on the basis of a larger number of studies. However, the high prevalence of these pathogens in the PMD population has not been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Domrazek
- Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C Street, Warsaw 02-787, Poland
| | - Piotr Jurka
- Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C Street, Warsaw 02-787, Poland
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