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Fan NJ, Zhai ST, Lv XX, Li FL, Yan J, Xing PY, Cao YS, Yun T, Yuan XT, Meng NL, Wang CS. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastases to kidney and renal hilar lymph nodes through epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a case report and literature review. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:1825-1833. [PMID: 38883393 PMCID: PMC11170601 DOI: 10.62347/cqbs7463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) metastasized to the kidney is extremely rare clinically. Here, we present a case of metachronous renal metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CASE PRESENTATION A 60-year-old patient, male, complained of left waist pain for 5 days, 11 months after radical esophagectomy. Laboratory tests revealed haematuria. Both CT and PET-CT scan showed retroperitoneal lymph nodes and left renal masses. Subsequently the patient received a left nephrectomy and lymph nodes resection, and squamous cell carcinoma of kidney and renal hilar lymph nodes was diagnosed, combined with morphology, medical history and immunophenotype, it was presumed to be metastasis of ESCC through the EMT pathway. CONCLUSIONS The renal metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma should be considered in patients with history of EC, although this is very rare. Histopathological examination combined with immunochemical detection is helpful in differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Jun Fan
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Shu-Ting Zhai
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Luoyang Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Xia Lv
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Fu-Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Peng-Yi Xing
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yan-Sha Cao
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Tian Yun
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Xu-Tao Yuan
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Nian-Long Meng
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Chang-Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 989th Hospital Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
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2
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Banjongjit A, Ratanatharathorn V, Mahanupap P, Mitarnun W. Rapidly Rising Serum Creatinine in a Patient With Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Eosinophilia: A Quiz. Am J Kidney Dis 2024; 83:A14-A17. [PMID: 38246718 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Athiphat Banjongjit
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Vorachai Ratanatharathorn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyanut Mahanupap
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Winyou Mitarnun
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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3
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Saeed F, Osunkoya AO. Secondary Tumors of the Kidney: A Comprehensive Clinicopathologic Analysis. Adv Anat Pathol 2022; 29:241-251. [PMID: 35249993 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metastases to the kidney are rare and were historically described in autopsy series, and the incidence ranged between 2.36% and 12.6%. However, in the contemporary literature with the improvements in imaging modalities (computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging) and other health care screening services, metastatic tumors to the kidney are being diagnosed more frequently in surgical specimens. The utility of needle core biopsies in the primary evaluation of renal masses has also increased the number of sampled metastases, and as a result, only limited histologic material is available for evaluation in some cases and may potentially lead to diagnostic pitfalls. In the last decade, a few large clinical series have been published. In these series, the majority of metastatic tumors to the kidney are carcinomas, with the lung being the most common primary site. A significant number of the various tumor types with metastasis to the kidney are also associated with widespread metastases to other organs, and the renal metastasis may present several years after diagnosis of the primary tumor. The majority of secondary tumors of the kidney are asymptomatic, incidentally discovered, and solitary. There should be a high index of suspicion of metastasis to the kidney in patients with an associated enlarging renal lesion with minimal to no enhancement on imaging and tumor progression of a known high-grade nonrenal malignancy. Secondary tumors of the kidney can be accurately diagnosed by correlating histopathologic features with clinical and radiographic findings and the judicious use of ancillary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Departments of Pathology
- Urology, Emory University School of Medicine
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta
- Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA
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4
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Schizas D, Vailas M, Sotiropoulou M, A Ziogas I, S Mylonas K, Katsaros I, Kapelouzou A, Liakakos T. Surgery for metachronous oligometastatic esophageal cancer: Is there enough evidence? Cir Esp 2021; 99:490-499. [PMID: 34353590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities and treatment options, five-year survival rates are below 20%. Esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection is the mainstay of treatment. More than 50% of patients experience recurrence within 1-3 years postoperatively. Recurrent disease may present locoregionally at the site of anastomosis or as recurrence through lymphatic spread in lymph node basins, as hematogenic metastasis, or as a combination of these. The standard treatment of recurrence is currently predicated on systemic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Recent evidence suggests that surgical treatment of metachronous oligometastatic disease may be prognostically advantageous over medical management alone. Given the considerably low response rates to chemoradiotherapy, many institutions have adopted surgical treatment strategies for oligo-recurrent disease on a case-by-case basis. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence on the role of surgical treatment for metachronous oligometastases from esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Vailas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Sotiropoulou
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Ziogas
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1313 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Konstantinos S Mylonas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Katsaros
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alkistis Kapelouzou
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodore Liakakos
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Schizas D, Vailas M, Sotiropoulou M, A Ziogas I, S Mylonas K, Katsaros I, Kapelouzou A, Liakakos T. Surgery for metachronous oligometastatic esophageal cancer: Is there enough evidence? Cir Esp 2021. [PMID: 33894971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities and treatment options, five-year survival rates are below 20%. Esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection is the mainstay of treatment. More than 50% of patients experience recurrence within 1-3 years postoperatively. Recurrent disease may present locoregionally at the site of anastomosis or as recurrence through lymphatic spread in lymph node basins, as hematogenic metastasis, or as a combination of these. The standard treatment of recurrence is currently predicated on systemic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Recent evidence suggests that surgical treatment of metachronous oligometastatic disease may be prognostically advantageous over medical management alone. Given the considerably low response rates to chemoradiotherapy, many institutions have adopted surgical treatment strategies for oligo-recurrent disease on a case-by-case basis. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence on the role of surgical treatment for metachronous oligometastases from esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Vailas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Sotiropoulou
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Ziogas
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1313 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Konstantinos S Mylonas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Katsaros
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alkistis Kapelouzou
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodore Liakakos
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
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6
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Cazacu SM, SĂndulescu LD, Mitroi G, Neagoe DC, Streba C, Albulescu DM. Metastases to the Kidney: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2020; 46:80-89. [PMID: 32637169 PMCID: PMC7323720 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.46.01.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal metastases are uncommon in clinical practice, even as autopsy reports much frequent cases în disseminated tumors. Usually multiple and bilateral, they can determine many problems of differential diagnosis in case of solitary renal mass, when a primary kidney neoplasm must be excluded. Main sources are represented by the tumors of the lung, breast, digestive tract, melanomas and lymphomas, but rare cases with other etiology have been reported. Imaging can help to the diagnosis; CT scan, MRI, transabdominal ultrasound and sometimes contrast enhanced ultrasound can be useful. The treatment is individualized by the general status, by other organs involved and by the control of primary tumors; nephrectomy can be made in cases with unsure diagnosis and if primary tumor is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Marian Cazacu
- 3 Department, Internal Medicine 5 Year, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Craiova, Romania
| | - Larisa Daniela SĂndulescu
- 3 Department, Internal Medicine 5 Year, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Craiova, Romania
| | - George Mitroi
- Surgery Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Carmen Neagoe
- 3 Department, Internal Medicine 5 Year, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Craiova, Romania
| | - Costin Streba
- 3 Department, Pneumology discipline, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Dana Maria Albulescu
- 2 Department, Imaging discipline, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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7
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Schizas D, Lazaridis II, Moris D, Mastoraki A, Lazaridis LD, Tsilimigras DI, Charalampakis N, Liakakos T. The role of surgical treatment in isolated organ recurrence of esophageal cancer-a systematic review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:55. [PMID: 29540179 PMCID: PMC5853115 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the improvements in the early detection and treatment of non-metastatic esophageal cancer, more than half of patients undergoing a curative treatment for esophageal cancer will develop recurrence within three years. The prognosis of these patients is poor. However, a wide range in overall survival has been reported, depending on the pattern of recurrence, and no optimal treatment strategy following recurrence has yet been uniformly accepted. AIM In this article, we aimed to systematically review the literature for the role of surgical resection of metachronous distant metastasis following primary treatment of esophageal cancer. Furthermore, we discuss possible factors that could possibly predict which patients may benefit from a surgical approach. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed using combinations of keywords. RESULTS Patients with recurrence may benefit of a multimodality treatment. Regarding the isolated recurrence of esophageal cancer in solid visceral organs, operative intervention has been proposed as a treatment that may offer a survival benefit in an individual basis. No definitive conclusions regarding the potential survival advantage offered by the surgical treatment of solitary recurrent lesions can be drawn. However, recent improvements in surgical treatment and optimization of perioperative management guarantee an acceptable operative risk, making surgical resection of solitary recurrence lesions a considerable therapeutic option. CONCLUSIONS It can be conferred from the available studies that the surgical treatment of isolated recurrence from esophageal cancer may offer a survival benefit for properly selected patients. Prospective, multicenter studies might be useful to gain a better insight into those factors that affect selection of patients to take benefit from an operative intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma Str., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Demetrios Moris
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma Str., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Mastoraki
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lazaros-Dimitrios Lazaridis
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Theodore Liakakos
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17 Agiou Thoma Str., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
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8
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Abstract
Clinically, renal metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is uncommon. We present 2 cases of renal metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with enhanced CT and FDG PET/CT findings. In the first case, right kidney and right renal hilum were the only known metastatic sites. In the second case, bilateral kidneys were the only known metastatic sites. All the renal metastatic tumors appeared as hypovascular and hypoattenuating masses involving both the renal cortex and medulla on enhanced CT and intense FDG uptake on FDG PET/CT.
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9
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Esophageal Cancer Metastases to Unexpected Sites: A Systematic Review. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:1657310. [PMID: 28659974 PMCID: PMC5474273 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1657310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common pattern of esophageal cancer metastases (ECM) is to the lymph nodes, lung, liver, bones, adrenal glands, and brain. On the other hand, unexpected metastasis (UM) spread to uncommon sites has increasingly reported and consequently affected the pathway of diagnosis, staging, and management. Using the PubMed database, a systematic search of the following headings “Esophageal” and “Metastasis” or “Metastases” was performed, 10049 articles were identified, and the articles were included if they demonstrated unexpected ECM. 84% of cases were men with an average age of 60.7 years. EC was located in the lower third in 65%. Two-thirds of the UM originated from the lower esophagus, and the two major histological types were adenocarcinoma 40% and squamous cell carcinoma 60%. Metastases were disseminated toward five main anatomical sites: the head and neck (42%), thoracic (17%), abdomen and pelvis (25%), extremities (9%), and multiple skin and muscle metastases (7%). The EC metastases were found to be synchronous 42% and metachronous 58%, isolated in 53.5% and multiple in 46.5%. The overall survival rate was 10.2 months. Since distant metastases are responsible for most EC-related deaths, understanding of ECM dissemination patterns needs more extensive studies. These critical data are the cornerstone of optimal cancer approach and treatment.
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Nam KS, Jung K, Park MI, Park SJ, Moon W, Kim SE, Kim JH. Esophageal Cancer with Solitary Renal Metastasis Treated with Multidisciplinary Therapy: A Case Report and Mini Review of the Literature. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HELICOBACTER AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.7704/kjhugr.2017.17.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Sik Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Moo In Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seun Ja Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Won Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Chang KP, Huang CP, Chang H. Solitary renal metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma mimicking primary renal neoplasm - A case report and literature review. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2016; 6:6. [PMID: 26872814 PMCID: PMC4752552 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-016-0006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Solitary renal metastasis of esophageal cancer is rare clinically, with only 14 cases being reported in the literature. The authors here report a case of a 53-year-old man with a metachronous hypopharyngeal and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who developed a solitary renal metastasis after complete chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer, and subsequently received a left nephrectomy. The metastatic esophageal cancer was indistinguishable from primary renal neoplasm in the computed tomography but showed the histopathologic characteristic of esophageal cancer in directly invading the renal artery, and the tumor spreading in the kidney. The patient died of pneumonia two months after diagnosis. Among the previous 14 reported cases, 12 occurred in Asians, and their overall survival time ranges from two months to nine years after nephrectomy, either with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Accordingly, a solitary renal mass in patients with a history of esophageal cancer is warranted to differentiate metastatic esophageal cancer from primary renal neoplasm, and a reliable therapy needs to be planned early for improving the patient's chance of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Po Chang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han Chang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 404, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Sun Y, Yu X, Zhang Y. Renal metastasis after esophagectomy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:165. [PMID: 24884912 PMCID: PMC4037410 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Solitary metastatic renal tumors are rarely encountered. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who developed a solitary renal metastasis after undergoing an esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and subsequent nephrectomy of the right kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinmin Yu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, 310022 Hangzhou, P,R, of China.
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13
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Esophageal adenocarcinoma with solitary renal metastasis. J Gastrointest Cancer 2012. [PMID: 23196387 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-012-9457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
A 55-year-old man was incidentally diagnosed with a superficial squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus. However, the systemic survey with FDG PET/CT revealed a picture of more advanced disease because of the regional lymph node metastases and a suspected distal metastasis in the left renal pelvis, which was somewhat strange for a small superficial esophageal cancer. Subsequently, the renal pelvic lesion was confirmed as squamous cell carcinoma. However, a primary tumor rather than metastasis in the renal pelvis was considered according to the histologic characteristics and radiologic findings.
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