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Ma W, Tang W, Kwok JS, Tong AH, Lo CW, Chu AT, Chung BH. A review on trends in development and translation of omics signatures in cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:954-971. [PMID: 38385061 PMCID: PMC10879706 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of cancer genomics and transcriptomics has evolved from targeted profiling to swift sequencing of individual tumor genome and transcriptome. The steady growth in genome, epigenome, and transcriptome datasets on a genome-wide scale has significantly increased our capability in capturing signatures that represent both the intrinsic and extrinsic biological features of tumors. These biological differences can help in precise molecular subtyping of cancer, predicting tumor progression, metastatic potential, and resistance to therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarized the current development of genomic, methylomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic signatures in the field of cancer research and highlighted their potentials in clinical applications to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenshu Tang
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Brian H.Y. Chung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Kong Genome Project
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Li C, Chen S, Fang X, Du Y, Guan XY, Lin R, Xu L, Lan P, Yan Q. LOXL1 promotes tumor cell malignancy and restricts CD8 + T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:6. [PMID: 38267662 PMCID: PMC10808464 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Lymph node metastasis and immunosuppression are main factors of poor prognosis in CRC patients. Lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1), part of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, plays a yet unclear role in CRC. This study aimed to identify effective biomarkers predictive of prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC patients, and to elucidate the prognostic value, clinical relevance, functional and molecular features, and immunotherapy predictive role of LOXL1 in CRC and pan-cancer. METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to explore gene modules related to tumor metastasis and CD8 + T cell infiltration. LOXL1 emerged as a hub gene through differential gene expression and survival analysis. The molecular signatures, functional roles, and immunological characteristics affected by LOXL1 were analyzed in multiple CRC cohorts, cell lines and clinical specimens. Additionally, LOXL1's potential as an immunotherapy response indicator was assessed, along with its role in pan-cancer. RESULTS Turquoise module in WGCNA analysis was identified as the hub module associated with lymph node metastasis and CD8 + T cell infiltration. Aberrant elevated LOXL1 expression was observed in CRC and correlated with poorer differentiation status and prognosis. Molecular and immunological characterization found that LOXL1 might mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and immunosuppressive phenotypes of CRC. Functional study found that LOXL1 enhanced tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, high LOXL1 levels corresponded to reduced CD8 + T cell infiltration and predicted poor clinical outcomes of immunotherapy. Similar trends were also observed at the pan-cancer level. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the critical role of LOXL1 in modulating both malignancy and immunosuppression in CRC. This positions LOXL1 as a promising biomarker for predicting prognosis and the response to immunotherapy in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiaona Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Du
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Runhua Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qian Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Room 703, Building No. 3, 26 Yuancun ERheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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Lumpp T, Stößer S, Fischer F, Hartwig A, Köberle B. Role of Epigenetics for the Efficacy of Cisplatin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1130. [PMID: 38256203 PMCID: PMC10816946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical utility of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin is restricted by cancer drug resistance, which is either intrinsic to the tumor or acquired during therapy. Epigenetics is increasingly recognized as a factor contributing to cisplatin resistance and hence influences drug efficacy and clinical outcomes. In particular, epigenetics regulates gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Common types of epigenetic modifications linked to chemoresistance are DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. This review provides an overview of the current findings of various epigenetic modifications related to cisplatin efficacy in cell lines in vitro and in clinical tumor samples. Furthermore, it discusses whether epigenetic alterations might be used as predictors of the platinum agent response in order to prevent avoidable side effects in patients with resistant malignancies. In addition, epigenetic targeting therapies are described as a possible strategy to render cancer cells more susceptible to platinum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Beate Köberle
- Department Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (T.L.); (S.S.); (F.F.); (A.H.)
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4
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Qian T, Wenxian T, Anbing H. β-elemene enhances cisplatin sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via the miR-17-5p/STAT3 axis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14395. [PMID: 37973414 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In China, β-elemene, a sesquiterpene compound derived from Curcuma wenyujin, is clinically used to treat many human malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nonetheless, the role of β-elemene in regulating cisplatin sensitivity of NSCLC cells and the related mechanisms are not clear. This study was conducted to investigate the role of β-elemene in sensitizing NSCLC cells to cisplatin. In this work, cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cell lines were constructed. CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were executed to examine cell viability, growth, and apoptosis. MiR-17-5p and STAT3 expression levels in cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was executed to determine the expression levels of STAT3 and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) in the cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments were performed to verify the targeting relationship between miR-17-5p and STAT3. Herein, we report that, β-elemene inhibits the viability, and induces the apoptosis of cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells. Additionally, β-elemene induces the upregulation miR-17-5p and downregulation of STAT3. STAT3 is validated to be a target of miR-17-5p in NSCLC cells. Additionally, the role of β-elemene to repress the viability of cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells is partially counteracted by miR-17-5p inhibitor or STAT3 overexpression. In summary, our study suggests that β-elemene enhances cisplatin sensitivity of NSCLC cells by modulating miR-17-5p/STAT3 axis, and it may be a choice for the complementary treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qian
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wenxian
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - He Anbing
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Wu Y, Seufert I, Al-Shaheri FN, Kurilov R, Bauer AS, Manoochehri M, Moskalev EA, Brors B, Tjaden C, Giese NA, Hackert T, Büchler MW, Hoheisel JD. DNA-methylation signature accurately differentiates pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis in tissue and plasma. Gut 2023; 72:2344-2353. [PMID: 37709492 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy. Differentiation from chronic pancreatitis (CP) is currently inaccurate in about one-third of cases. Misdiagnoses in both directions, however, have severe consequences for patients. We set out to identify molecular markers for a clear distinction between PDAC and CP. DESIGN Genome-wide variations of DNA-methylation, messenger RNA and microRNA level as well as combinations thereof were analysed in 345 tissue samples for marker identification. To improve diagnostic performance, we established a random-forest machine-learning approach. Results were validated on another 48 samples and further corroborated in 16 liquid biopsy samples. RESULTS Machine-learning succeeded in defining markers to differentiate between patients with PDAC and CP, while low-dimensional embedding and cluster analysis failed to do so. DNA-methylation yielded the best diagnostic accuracy by far, dwarfing the importance of transcript levels. Identified changes were confirmed with data taken from public repositories and validated in independent sample sets. A signature of six DNA-methylation sites in a CpG-island of the protein kinase C beta type gene achieved a validated diagnostic accuracy of 100% in tissue and in circulating free DNA isolated from patient plasma. CONCLUSION The success of machine-learning to identify an effective marker signature documents the power of this approach. The high diagnostic accuracy of discriminating PDAC from CP could have tremendous consequences for treatment success, once the result from still a limited number of liquid biopsy samples would be confirmed in a larger cohort of patients with suspected pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenan Wu
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Seufert
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fawaz N Al-Shaheri
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roman Kurilov
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea S Bauer
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mehdi Manoochehri
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Moskalev
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christin Tjaden
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalia A Giese
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus W Büchler
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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CRISPR-based DNA methylation editing of NNT rescues the cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells by reducing autophagy. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:441-456. [PMID: 36336710 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is recommended as a first-line chemotherapeutic agent against advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but acquired resistance substantially limits its clinical efficacy. Recently, DNA methylation has been identified as an essential contributor to chemoresistance. However, the precise DNA methylation regulatory mechanism of cisplatin resistance remains unclear. Here, we found that nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) was silenced by DNA hypermethylation in cisplatin resistance A549 (A549/DDP) cells. Also, the DNA hypermethylation of NNT was positively correlated to poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Overexpression of NNT in A549/DDP cells could reduce their cisplatin resistance, and also suppressed their tumor malignancy such as cell proliferation and clone formation. However, NNT enhanced sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin had little to do with its function in mediating NADPH and ROS level, but was mainly because NNT could inhibit protective autophagy in A549/DDP cells. Further investigation revealed that NNT could decrease NAD+ level, thereby inactivate SIRT1 and block the autophagy pathway, while re-activation of SIRT1 through NAD+ precursor supplementation could antagonize this effect. In addition, targeted demethylation of NNT CpG island via CRISPR/dCas9-Tet1 system significantly reduced its DNA methylation level and inhibited the autophagy and cisplatin resistance in A549/DDP cells. Thus, our study found a novel chemoresistance target gene NNT, which played important roles in cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells. Our findings also suggested that CRISPR-based DNA methylation editing of NNT could be a potential therapeutics method in cisplatin resistance of lung cancer.
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Sun J, Chen J. [Research Progress of DNA Methylation in Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2023; 26:52-58. [PMID: 36792081 PMCID: PMC9987084 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2023.101.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant tumors, lung cancer poses a serious threat to human life and health. The platinum-based drug cisplatin (DDP) is used as the first-line treatment for lung cancer. The poor prognosis of lung cancer is mostly due to developed resistance to cisplatin, which poses a serious treatment challenge. The mechanism of cisplatin resistance is complex and unclear. Numerous studies have shown that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the emergence of lung cancer cisplatin resistance. DNA hypermethylation results in the deactivation of numerous drug resistance genes and tumor suppressor genes through a change in chromatin conformation. Finding new therapeutic targets and indicators to predict the therapeutic effect can be aided by elucidating the complex mechanism. In order to discover novel strategies to overcome cisplatin resistance in lung cancer, this paper discusses DNA methylation-mediated cisplatin resistance and offers an overview of current demethylation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhe Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
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Tan Q, Ma J, Zhang H, Wu X, Li Q, Zuo X, Jiang Y, Liu H, Yan L. miR-125b-5p upregulation by TRIM28 induces cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through CREB1 inhibition. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:469. [PMID: 36476351 PMCID: PMC9730690 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE miR-125b-5p plays an important role in the development of cancer and drug resistance. However, in cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the function and potential mechanism of miR-125b-5p is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miR-125b-5p in cisplatin resistance of NSCLC. METHODS A GEO dataset (GSE168707) was analyzed to find high miR-125b-5p levels were associated with DDP resistance. miR-125b-5p expression levels were detected in A549 and A549/DDP cells via real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Luciferase reporter assays, western blots and mouse model xenografted were performed to identify CREB1 as a direct target gene of miR-125b-5p. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also performed to identify whether miR-125b-5p upregulation by TRIM28 induces DDP resistance in NSCLC through CREB1 inhibition. RESULTS In A549/DDP cells, miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated compared to A549 cells. Then miR-125b-5p was found to increase DDP resistance in NSCLC in vivo and in vitro by increasing cell proliferation and suppressing cell apoptosis. Bioinformatic analyses were used to search for gene which miR-125b-5p can target. We identified miR-125b-5p can regulate CREB1 via luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR and western blots. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also performed to confirm miR-125b-5p could impact on CREB1 and induce the DDP resistance in NSCLC. Additionally, we used bioinformatic analyses to find tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28) as a transcriptional enhance factor of miR-125b-5p. The expression of TRIM28 was upregulated in A549/DDP cells compared with that in A549 cells by qRT-PCR. Finally, we found TRIM28 could mediate DDP resistance through miR-125b-5p/CREB1 axis via cell proliferation, western blot and apoptosis assay. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings demonstrated novel functions and mechanisms underlying DDP resistance in NSCLC through the TRIM28/miR-125b-5p/CREB1 axis. These may serve as novel therapeutic targets to improve the treatment efficacy using DDP for NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Tan
- grid.452929.10000 0004 8513 0241The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China ,grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Hao Zhang
- grid.411525.60000 0004 0369 1599Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xu Wu
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Qiang Li
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zuo
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- grid.411870.b0000 0001 0063 8301Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiaxing University College of Medicine, Jiaxing, 314000 Zhejiang China
| | - Haijun Liu
- grid.452929.10000 0004 8513 0241The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
| | - Liang Yan
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002 Anhui China
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Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 173 in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235923. [PMID: 36497407 PMCID: PMC9737410 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs belong to non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of more than 200 nucleotides and limited protein-coding ability. Growing research has clarified that dysregulated lncRNAs are correlated with the development of various complex diseases, including cancer. LINC00173 has drawn researchers' attention as one of the recently discovered lncRNAs. Aberrant expression of LINC00173 affects the initiation and progression of human cancers. In the present review, we summarize the recent considerable research on LINC00173 in 11 human cancers. Through the summary of the abnormal expression of LINC00173 and its potential molecular regulation mechanism in cancers, this article indicates that LINC00173 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a target for drug therapy, thus providing novel clues for future related research.
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10
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DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy and Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314672. [PMID: 36499000 PMCID: PMC9735783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common event among cancer patients and a reason why new cancer therapies and therapeutic strategies need to be in continuous investigation and development. DNA damage response (DDR) comprises several pathways that eliminate DNA damage to maintain genomic stability and integrity, but different types of cancers are associated with DDR machinery defects. Many improvements have been made in recent years, providing several drugs and therapeutic strategies for cancer patients, including those targeting the DDR pathways. Currently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) are the DDR inhibitors (DDRi) approved for several cancers, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. However, PARPi resistance is a growing issue in clinical settings that increases disease relapse and aggravate patients' prognosis. Additionally, resistance to other DDRi is also being found and investigated. The resistance mechanisms to DDRi include reversion mutations, epigenetic modification, stabilization of the replication fork, and increased drug efflux. This review highlights the DDR pathways in cancer therapy, its role in the resistance to conventional treatments, and its exploitation for anticancer treatment. Biomarkers of treatment response, combination strategies with other anticancer agents, resistance mechanisms, and liabilities of treatment with DDR inhibitors are also discussed.
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11
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van der Westhuizen A, Lyle M, Graves MC, Zhu X, Wong JWH, Cornall K, Ren S, Pugliese L, Levy R, Majid A, Vilain RE, Bowden NA. Repurposing Azacitidine and Carboplatin to Prime Immune Checkpoint Blockade-resistant Melanoma for Anti-PD-L1 Rechallenge. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:814-826. [PMID: 36923309 PMCID: PMC10010343 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Drug repurposing offers the opportunity for chemotherapy to be used to reestablish sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Here we investigated the clinical and translational aspects of an early phase II study of azacitidine and carboplatin priming for anti-PDL1 immunotherapy (avelumab) in patients with advanced ICB-resistant melanoma. Experimental Design A total of 20 participants with ICB-resistant metastatic melanoma received 2 × 4-week cycles of azacitidine and carboplatin followed by ICB rechallenge with anti-PD-L1 avelumab. The primary objective was overall response rate after priming and ICB rechallenge. Secondary objectives were clinical benefit rate (CBR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Translational correlation analysis of HLA-A and PD-L1 expression, RNA sequencing, and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing of biopsies at baseline, after priming and after six cycles of avelmuab was performed. Results The overall response rate (ORR) determined after azacitidine and carboplatin priming was 10% (2/20) with two partial responses (PR). The ORR determined after priming followed by six cycles of avelumab (week 22) was 10%, with 2 of 20 participants achieving immune partial response (iPR). The CBR for azacitidine and carboplatin priming was 65% (13/20) and after priming followed by six cycles of avelumab CBR was 35% (n = 7/20). The median PFS was 18.0 weeks [95% confidence interval (CI): 14.87-21.13 weeks] and the median OS was 47.86 weeks (95% CI: 9.67-86.06 weeks). Translational correlation analysis confirmed HLA-A generally increased after priming with azacitidine and carboplatin, particularly if it was absent at the start of treatment. Average methylation of CpGs across the HLA-A locus was decreased after priming and T cells, in particular CD8+, showed the greatest increase in infiltration. Conclusions Priming with azacitidine and carboplatin can induce disease stabilization and resensitization to ICB for metastatic melanoma. Significance There are limited treatments for melanoma once resistance to ICB occurs. Chemotherapy induces immune-related responses and may be repurposed to reinstate the response to ICB. This study provides the first evidence that chemotherapy can provide clinical benefit and increase OS for ICB-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre van der Westhuizen
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Corresponding Authors: Nikola A. Bowden, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, c/o – University Dr, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Phone: 612-4042-0277; E-mail: ; and Andre van der Westhuizen,
| | - Megan Lyle
- Liz Plummer Cancer Centre, Cairns Hospital, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Moira C. Graves
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Jason W. H. Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Kerrie Cornall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Shu Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Leanna Pugliese
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Levy
- Department of Surgery, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Adeeb Majid
- Department of Surgery, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ricardo E. Vilain
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Pathology North, NSW Health Pathology, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nikola A. Bowden
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Corresponding Authors: Nikola A. Bowden, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, c/o – University Dr, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia. Phone: 612-4042-0277; E-mail: ; and Andre van der Westhuizen,
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12
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Han B, Sun Y, Zhang X, Yue P, Tian M, Yan D, Yin F, Qin B, Zhao Y. Exogenous proline enhances susceptibility of NSCLC to cisplatin via metabolic reprogramming and PLK1-mediated cell cycle arrest. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:942261. [PMID: 35910374 PMCID: PMC9330219 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.942261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of cisplatin resistance is still the main factor limiting the therapeutic effect of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is urgent to elucidate the resistance mechanism and develop novel treatment strategies. Targeted metabolomics was first performed to detect amino acids’ content in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells considering the relationship between tumour metabolic rearrangement and chemotherapy resistance and chemotherapy resistance. We discovered that levels of most amino acids were significantly downregulated, whereas exogenous supplementation of proline could enhance the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin, evidenced by inhibited cell viability and tumour growth in vitro and xenograft models. In addition, the combined treatment of proline and cisplatin suppressed ATP production through disruption of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified the cell cycle as the top enriched pathway in co-therapy cells, accompanied by significant down-regulation of PLK1, a serine/threonine-protein kinase. Mechanistic studies revealed that PLK1 inhibitor (BI2536) and CDDP have synergistic inhibitory effects on NSCLC cells, and cells transfected with lentivirus expressing shPLK1 showed significantly increased toxicity to cisplatin. Inhibition of PLK1 inactivated AMPK, a primary regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest via FOXO3A-FOXM1 axis mediated transcriptional inhibition in cisplatin-resistant cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that exogenous proline exerts an adjuvant therapeutic effect on cisplatin resistance, and PLK1 may be considered an attractive target for the clinical treatment of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Han
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bingjie Han,
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fanxiang Yin
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Liu J, Lei B, Yu X, Li Y, Deng Y, Yang G, Li Z, Liu T, Ye L. Combining Immune-Related Genes For Delineating the Extracellular Matrix and Predicting Hormone Therapy and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Benefits In Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:888339. [PMID: 35911730 PMCID: PMC9331652 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.888339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. A systematic approach to BC treatment, comprising adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), as well as hormone therapy, forms the foundation of the disease’s therapeutic strategy. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic network that exerts a robust biological effect on the tumor microenvironment (TME), and it is highly regulated by several immunological components, such as chemokines and cytokines. It has been established that the ECM promotes the development of an immunosuppressive TME. Therefore, while analyzing the ECM of BC, immune-related genes must be considered. In this study, we used bioinformatic approaches to identify the most valuable ECM-related immune genes. We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify the immune-related genes that potentially regulate the ECM and then combined them with the original ECM-related gene set for further analysis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and SurvivalRandomForest were used to narrow our ECM-related gene list and establish an ECM index (ECMI) to better delineate the ECM signature. We stratified BC patients into ECMI high and low groups and evaluated their clinical, biological, and genomic characteristics. We found that the ECMI is highly correlated with long-term BC survival. In terms of the biological process, this index is positively associated with the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, and homologous recombination but negatively with processes involved in angiogenesis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, the tumor mutational burden, copy number variation, and DNA methylation levels were found to be related to the ECMI. In the Metabric cohort, we demonstrated that hormone therapy is more effective in patients with a low ECMI. Additionally, differentially expressed genes from the ECM-related gene list were extracted from patients with a pathologic complete response (pCR) to NAC and with residual disease (RD) to construct a neural network model for predicting the chance of achieving pCR individually. Finally, we performed qRT-PCR to validate our findings and demonstrate the important role of the gene OGN in predicting the pCR rate. In conclusion, delineation of the ECM signature with immune-related genes is anticipated to aid in the prediction of the prognosis of patients with BC and the benefits of hormone therapy and NAC in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yingpu Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Liu, ; Zhigao Li, ; Leiguang Ye,
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Liu, ; Zhigao Li, ; Leiguang Ye,
| | - Leiguang Ye
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Liu, ; Zhigao Li, ; Leiguang Ye,
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14
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Emran TB, Shahriar A, Mahmud AR, Rahman T, Abir MH, Siddiquee MFR, Ahmed H, Rahman N, Nainu F, Wahyudin E, Mitra S, Dhama K, Habiballah MM, Haque S, Islam A, Hassan MM. Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms, Immunoprevention and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Oncol 2022; 12:891652. [PMID: 35814435 PMCID: PMC9262248 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.891652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several treatments are available for cancer treatment, but many treatment methods are ineffective against multidrug-resistant cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle to effective therapeutic interventions against cancer. This review describes the known MDR mechanisms in cancer cells and discusses ongoing laboratory approaches and novel therapeutic strategies that aim to inhibit, circumvent, or reverse MDR development in various cancer types. In this review, we discuss both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, in addition to highlighting hypoxia- and autophagy-mediated drug resistance mechanisms. Several factors, including individual genetic differences, such as mutations, altered epigenetics, enhanced drug efflux, cell death inhibition, and various other molecular and cellular mechanisms, are responsible for the development of resistance against anticancer agents. Drug resistance can also depend on cellular autophagic and hypoxic status. The expression of drug-resistant genes and the regulatory mechanisms that determine drug resistance are also discussed. Methods to circumvent MDR, including immunoprevention, the use of microparticles and nanomedicine might result in better strategies for fighting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Shahriar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, United States
| | - Aar Rafi Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tanjilur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedy Hasan Abir
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hossain Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nova Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Elly Wahyudin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mahmoud M Habiballah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan
- Queensland Alliance for One Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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15
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DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Prediction of Response to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: Where Do We Stand? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122918. [PMID: 35740584 PMCID: PMC9221086 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Platinum-based agents are one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs for various types of cancer. However, one of the main challenges in the application of platinum drugs is resistance, which is currently being widely investigated. Epigenetic DNA methylation-based biomarkers are promising to aid in the selection of patients, helping to foresee their platinum therapy response in advance. These biomarkers enable minimally invasive patient sample collection, short analysis, and good sensitivity. Hence, improved methodologies for the detection and quantification of DNA methylation biomarkers will facilitate their use in the choice of an optimal treatment strategy. Abstract Platinum-based chemotherapy is routinely used for the treatment of several cancers. Despite all the advances made in cancer research regarding this therapy and its mechanisms of action, tumor resistance remains a major concern, limiting its effectiveness. DNA methylation-based biomarkers may assist in the selection of patients that may benefit (or not) from this type of treatment and provide new targets to circumvent platinum chemoresistance, namely, through demethylating agents. We performed a systematic search of studies on biomarkers that might be predictive of platinum-based chemotherapy resistance, including in vitro and in vivo pre-clinical models and clinical studies using patient samples. DNA methylation biomarkers predictive of response to platinum remain mostly unexplored but seem promising in assisting clinicians in the generation of more personalized follow-up and treatment strategies. Improved methodologies for their detection and quantification, including non-invasively in liquid biopsies, are additional attractive features that can bring these biomarkers into clinical practice, fostering precision medicine.
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16
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Duan J, Zhong B, Fan Z, Zhang H, Xu M, Zhang X, Sanders YY. DNA methylation in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:519-528. [PMID: 35673969 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2085091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Baiyun Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihua Fan
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Y Sanders
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19 Street South, BMRII Room 408, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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17
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Kasyanenko N, Qiushi Z, Bakulev V, Sokolov P, Yakovlev K. DNA Conformational Changes Induced by Its Interaction with Binuclear Platinum Complexes in Solution Indicate the Molecular Mechanism of Platinum Binding. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102044. [PMID: 35631926 PMCID: PMC9143540 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum anticancer drugs inhibit the division of cancer cells through a DNA binding mechanism. The bimetallic platinum compounds have a possibility for blocking DNA replication via the cross-linking of DNA functional groups at different distances. Many compounds with metals of the platinum group have been tested for possible antitumor activity. The main target of their biological action is a DNA molecule. A combined approach to the study of the interaction of DNA with biologically active compounds of this type is proposed. The capabilities of various methods (hydrodynamic, spectral, microscopy) in obtaining information on the type of binding of coordination compounds to DNA are compared. The analysis of DNA binding with platinum binuclear compounds containing pyrazine, tetrazole, 5- methyltetrazole, 3-propanediamine as bridging ligands in a solution was carried out with the methods of circular dichroism (CD), luminescent spectroscopy (LS), low gradient viscometry (LGV), flow birefringence (FB) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The competitive binding of different platinum compounds to DNA and the analysis of platinum attachment to DNA after protonation of its nitrogen bases simply indicates the involvement of N7 guanine in binding. Fluorescent dye DAPI was also used to recognize the location of platinum compounds in DNA grooves. DNA conformational changes recorded by variations in persistent length, polyelectrolyte swelling, DNA secondary structure, and its stability clarify the molecular mechanism of the biological activity of platinum compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kasyanenko
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Z.Q.); (V.B.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhang Qiushi
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Z.Q.); (V.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Vladimir Bakulev
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Z.Q.); (V.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Petr Sokolov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Z.Q.); (V.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Konstantin Yakovlev
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy, 14, Prof. Popov str., 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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18
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Meng K, Hu X, Zheng G, Qian C, Xin Y, Guo H, He R, Ge M, Xu J. Identification of prognostic biomarkers for papillary thyroid carcinoma by a weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. Cancer Med 2022; 11:2006-2019. [PMID: 35152572 PMCID: PMC9089218 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Meng
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Guowan Zheng
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Chenhong Qian
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China
| | - Ying Xin
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Haiwei Guo
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Ru He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Jiajie Xu
- Otolaryngology& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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19
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Rytlewski J, Brockman QR, Dodd RD, Milhem M, Monga V. Epigenetic modulation in sensitizing metastatic sarcomas to therapies and overcoming resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:25-35. [PMID: 35582536 PMCID: PMC8992584 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a class of rare malignancies of mesenchymal origin with a heterogeneous histological spectrum. They are classically associated with poor outcomes, especially once metastasized. A path to improving clinical outcomes may be made through modifying the epigenome, where a variety of sarcomas demonstrate changes that contribute to their oncogenic phenotypes. This Perspective article identifies and describes changes in the sarcoma genome, while discussing specific epigenetic changes and their effect on clinical outcomes. Clinical attempts at modulating epigenetics in sarcoma are reviewed, as well as potential implications of these studies. Epigenetic targets to reverse and delay chemotherapy resistance are discussed. Future directions with primary next steps are proposed to invigorate the current understanding of epigenetic biomarkers to enact targeted therapies to epigenetic phenotypes of sarcoma subtypes. Modifications to prior studies, as well as proposed clinical steps, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Rytlewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Qierra R Brockman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mohammed Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Varun Monga
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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20
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OUP accepted manuscript. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:311-324. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Chai P, Jia R, Li Y, Zhou C, Gu X, Yang L, Shi H, Tian H, Lin H, Yu J, Zhuang A, Ge S, Jia R, Fan X. Regulation of epigenetic homeostasis in uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 89:101030. [PMID: 34861419 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) and retinoblastoma (RB), which cause blindness and even death, are the most frequently observed primary intraocular malignancies in adults and children, respectively. Epigenetic studies have shown that changes in the epigenome contribute to the rapid progression of both UM and RB following classic genetic changes. The loss of epigenetic homeostasis plays an important role in oncogenesis by disrupting the normal patterns of gene expression. The targetable nature of epigenetic modifications provides a unique opportunity to optimize treatment paradigms and establish new therapeutic options for both UM and RB with these aberrant epigenetic modifications. We aimed to review the research findings regarding relevant epigenetic changes in UM and RB. Herein, we 1) summarize the literature, with an emphasis on epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, RNA modifications, noncoding RNAs and an abnormal chromosomal architecture; 2) elaborate on the regulatory role of epigenetic modifications in biological processes during tumorigenesis; and 3) propose promising therapeutic candidates for epigenetic targets and update the list of epigenetic drugs for the treatment of UM and RB. In summary, we endeavour to depict the epigenetic landscape of primary intraocular malignancy tumorigenesis and provide potential epigenetic targets in the treatment of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Chai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ruobing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yongyun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Chuandi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ludi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Hanhan Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Huimin Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
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22
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Han J, Jing Y, Han F, Sun P. Comprehensive analysis of expression, prognosis and immune infiltration for TIMPs in glioblastoma. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:447. [PMID: 34781885 PMCID: PMC8591954 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) family proteins are peptidases involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Various diseases are related to TIMPs, and the primary reason is that TIMPs can indirectly regulate remodelling of the ECM and cell signalling by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. However, the link between TIMPs and glioblastoma (GBM) is unclear. Objective This study aimed to explore the role of TIMP expression and immune infiltration in GBM. Methods Oncomine, GEPIA, OSgbm, LinkedOmics, STRING, GeneMANIA, Enrichr, and TIMER were used to conduct differential expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration analyses of TIMPs in GBM. Results All members of the TIMP family had significantly higher expression levels in GBM. High TIMP3 expression correlated with better overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in GBM patients. TIMP4 was associated with a long OS in GBM patients. We found a positive relationship between TIMP3 and TIMP4, identifying gene sets with similar or opposite expression directions to those in GBM patients. TIMPs and associated genes are mainly associated with extracellular matrix organization and involve proteoglycan pathways in cancer. The expression levels of TIMPs in GBM correlate with the infiltration of various immune cells, including CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, CD8+ T cells, and dendritic cells. Conclusions Our study inspires new ideas for the role of TIMPs in GBM and provides new directions for multiple treatment modalities, including immunotherapy, in GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02477-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkun Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yajun Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fubing Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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23
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Chattopadhyay S, Karlsson J, Valind A, Andersson N, Gisselsson D. Tracing the evolution of aneuploid cancers by multiregional sequencing with CRUST. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:bbab292. [PMID: 34343239 PMCID: PMC8981300 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal deconvolution of mutational landscapes is crucial to understand the evolutionary dynamics of cancer. Two limiting factors for clonal deconvolution that have remained unresolved are variation in purity and chromosomal copy number across different samples of the same tumor. We developed a semi-supervised algorithm that tracks variant calls through multi-sample spatiotemporal tumor data. While normalizing allele frequencies based on purity, it also adjusts for copy number changes at clonal deconvolution. Absent à priori copy number data, it renders in silico copy number estimations from bulk sequences. Using published and simulated tumor sequences, we reliably segregated clonal/subclonal variants even at a low sequencing depth (~50×). Given at least one pure tumor sample (>70% purity), we could normalize and deconvolve paired samples down to a purity of 40%. This renders a reliable clonal reconstruction well adapted to multi-regionally sampled solid tumors, which are often aneuploid and contaminated by non-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Chattopadhyay
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Valind
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Skåne University
Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Natalie Andersson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Gisselsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical
Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Laboratory Medicine,
Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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24
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Yang Z, Xue F, Li M, Zhu X, Lu X, Wang C, Xu E, Wang X, Zhang L, Yu H, Ren C, Wang H, Wang Y, Chen J, Guan W, Xia X. Extracellular Matrix Characterization in Gastric Cancer Helps to Predict Prognosis and Chemotherapy Response. Front Oncol 2021; 11:753330. [PMID: 34646782 PMCID: PMC8503650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.753330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in the formation of the tumor microenvironment. The deposition of the ECM is associated with poor prognosis in a variety of tumors. Aberrant ECM deposition could undermine the effect of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, there is no systematic analysis on the relationship between the ECM and prognosis or chemotherapy effect. In the present study, we applied the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithm to score 2199 canonical pathways in 2125 cases of probe or sequencing data and identified the core matrisome as the driving factor in gastric cancer progression. We classified gastric cancer samples into three clusters according to the composition of the ECM and evaluated clinical and multi-omics characterization of ECM phenotypes. The ECM score was evaluated by GSVA score of core matrisome and a higher ECM score predicted poor prognosis of gastric cancer [Hazard Ratio (HR), 2.084; p-value < 2 × 10-16]. In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and KUGH, YUSH, and KUCM cohorts, we verified that patients with a low ECM score could benefit from chemotherapy. By contrast, patients with a high ECM score did not achieve satisfactory response from chemotherapy. Determining the characteristics of the ECM microenvironment might help to predict the prognosis and chemotherapy response of patients with gastric cancer, and help to resolve the enigma of chemoresistance acquisition, as well as providing inspiration to develop combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minhuan Li
- Department of Andrology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingya Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - En Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingzhou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanfu Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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25
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Zhu L, Sun H, Tian G, Wang J, Zhou Q, Liu P, Tang X, Shi X, Yang L, Liu G. Development and validation of a risk prediction model and nomogram for colon adenocarcinoma based on methylation-driven genes. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16600-16619. [PMID: 34182539 PMCID: PMC8266312 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that abnormal DNA methylation patterns play a crucial role in the etiology and pathogenesis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). In this study, we identified a total of 97 methylation-driven genes (MDGs) through a comprehensive analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified four MDGs (CBLN2, RBM47, SLCO4C1, and TMEM220) associated with overall survival (OS) in COAD patients. A risk prediction model was then developed based on these four MDGs to predict the prognosis of COAD patients. We also created a nomogram that incorporated risk scores, age, and TNM stage to promote a personalized prediction of OS in COAD patients. Compared with the traditional TNM staging system, our new nomogram was better at predicting the OS of COAD patients. In cell experiments, we confirmed that the mRNA expression levels of CLBN2 and TMEM220 were regulated by the methylation of their promoter regions. Moreover, immunohistochemistry showed that CBLN2 and TMEM220 were potential prognostic biomarkers for COAD patients. In summary, we have established a risk prediction model and nomogram that might be effectively utilized to promote the prediction of OS in COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Guo Tian
- Department of Medical Record, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Guangjie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
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26
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Wang Y, Xie Q, Tan H, Liao M, Zhu S, Zheng LL, Huang H, Liu B. Targeting cancer epigenetic pathways with small-molecule compounds: Therapeutic efficacy and combination therapies. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105702. [PMID: 34102228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics mainly refers to covalent modifications to DNA or histones without affecting genomes, which ultimately lead to phenotypic changes in cells or organisms. Given the abundance of regulatory targets in epigenetic pathways and their pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance, the development of epigenetic drugs holds a great promise for the current cancer therapy. However, lack of potent, selective, and clinically tractable small-molecule compounds makes the strategy to target cancer epigenetic pathways still challenging. Therefore, this review focuses on epigenetic pathways, small molecule inhibitors targeting DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and small molecule inhibitors targeting histone modification (the main regulatory targets are histone acetyltransferases (HAT), histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferases (HMTS)), as well as the combination strategies of the existing epigenetic therapeutic drugs and more new therapies to improve the efficacy, which will shed light on a new clue on discovery of more small-molecule drugs targeting cancer epigenetic pathways as promising strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People' Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Qiang Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People' Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Huidan Tan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Minru Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People' Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ling-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Rd, Xindu Region, Chengdu 610500, PR China.
| | - Haixia Huang
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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27
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Abstract
The epigenetic landscape, which in part includes DNA methylation, chromatin organization, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA regulation, greatly contributes to the heterogeneity that makes developing effective therapies for lung cancer challenging. This review will provide an overview of the epigenetic alterations that have been implicated in all aspects of cancer pathogenesis and progression as well as summarize clinical applications for targeting epigenetics in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L Chao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Chad V Pecot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
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28
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Wang C, Wang X, Han A, Wang Y, Jiang H. Proof-of-concept study investigating the role of S100P-RAGE in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 33767765 PMCID: PMC7976439 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial carcinoma that arises from the lining of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The efficacy of radiation therapy is limited due to radiation resistance, particularly in the advanced stages of NPC. The S100P protein is a small isoform of the S100 protein family, which is involved in the regulation of various intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation and intracellular signaling. The aim of the current study was to investigate the significance of the S100P-RAGE axis in NPC progression. The expression levels of S100P and receptor for activated glycation end-products (RAGE) in NPC specimens were determined by western blotting. In addition, the effect of the S100P-RAGE axis on NPC was evaluated in vitro by proliferation and migration assays using C666-1 cells treated with S100P or the RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1. The underlying mechanism was also investigated by western blotting. The expression of S100P and RAGE was detected in clinical specimens from 15 patients with NPC and 15 patients with benign nasopharyngeal inflammation, and was observed to be higher in NPC tissues compared with inflamed tissues. Furthermore, the interaction of S100P with RAGE increased the proliferation and migration potential of C666-1 cells, and activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB signaling. These results indicate that the S100P-RAGE axis exerts a promoting effect on the progression of NPC. Therefore therapeutic strategies targeting S100P-RAGE merit further exploration for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Angxuan Han
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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29
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Vural S, Palmisano A, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y, Teicher BA, Krushkal J. Association of expression of epigenetic molecular factors with DNA methylation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cell lines. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:49. [PMID: 33676569 PMCID: PMC7936435 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered DNA methylation patterns play important roles in cancer development and progression. We examined whether expression levels of genes directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation may be associated with response of cancer cell lines to chemotherapy treatment with a variety of antitumor agents. RESULTS We analyzed 72 genes encoding epigenetic factors directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation processes. We examined association of their pretreatment expression levels with methylation beta-values of individual DNA methylation probes, DNA methylation averaged within gene regions, and average epigenome-wide methylation levels. We analyzed data from 645 cancer cell lines and 23 cancer types from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We observed numerous correlations between expression of genes encoding epigenetic factors and response to chemotherapeutic agents. Expression of genes encoding a variety of epigenetic factors, including KDM2B, DNMT1, EHMT2, SETDB1, EZH2, APOBEC3G, and other genes, was correlated with response to multiple agents. DNA methylation of numerous target probes and gene regions was associated with expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors, underscoring complex regulation of epigenome methylation by multiple intersecting molecular pathways. The genes whose expression was associated with methylation of multiple epigenome targets encode DNA methyltransferases, TET DNA methylcytosine dioxygenases, the methylated DNA-binding protein ZBTB38, KDM2B, SETDB1, and other molecular factors which are involved in diverse epigenetic processes affecting DNA methylation. While baseline DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets was correlated with cell line response to antitumor agents, the complex relationships between the overlapping effects of each epigenetic factor on methylation of specific targets and the importance of such influences in tumor response to individual agents require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors is associated with drug response and with DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets that may affect response to therapeutic agents. Our findings suggest complex and interconnected pathways regulating DNA methylation in the epigenome, which may both directly and indirectly affect response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Vural
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Alida Palmisano
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT), 3150 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA
| | - William C Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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30
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Guo L, Lee YT, Zhou Y, Huang Y. Targeting epigenetic regulatory machinery to overcome cancer therapy resistance. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:487-502. [PMID: 33421619 PMCID: PMC8257754 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, represents a major hurdle to achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes during cancer treatment. In addition to acquisition of resistance-conferring genetic mutations, accumulating evidence suggests an intimate involvement of the epigenetic machinery in this process as well. Recent studies have revealed that epigenetic reprogramming, such as altered expression or relocation of DNA/histone modulators accompanied with chromatin structure remodeling, can lead to transcriptional plasticity in tumor cells, thereby driving their transformation towards a persistent state. These "persisters" represent a pool of slow-growing cells that can either re-expand when treatment is discontinued or acquire permanent resistance. Targeting epigenetic reprogramming or plasticity represents a new strategy to prevent the emergence of drug-refractory populations and to enable more consistent clinical responses. With the growing numbers of drugs or drug candidates developed to target epigenetic regulators, more and more epigenetic therapies are under preclinical evaluation, early clinical trials or approved by FDA as single agent or in combination with existing antitumor drugs. In this review, we highlight latest discoveries in the mechanistic understanding of epigenetically-induced drug resistance. In parallel, we discuss the potential of combining epigenetic drugs with existing anticancer regimens as a promising strategy for overcoming cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Tsang Lee
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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31
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Wang D, Zhao C, Xu F, Zhang A, Jin M, Zhang K, Liu L, Hua Q, Zhao J, Liu J, Yang H, Huang G. Cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells induced by hypoxia transmit resistance to sensitive cells through exosomal PKM2. Theranostics 2021; 11:2860-2875. [PMID: 33456577 PMCID: PMC7806469 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is commonly observed in solid tumors and contributes to the resistance of DNA damage drugs. However, the mechanisms behind this resistance are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of hypoxia-induced exosomes on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: NSCLC cells were subjected to either normoxic or hypoxic conditions to assess cell survival and changes in the expression levels of key proteins. Comparative proteomics were performed to identify exosomal PKM2 in normoxic or hypoxic cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells-derived exosomes. Functions of hypoxia induced-exosomal PKM2 in promoting cisplatin resistance to NSCLC cells were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo experiments and the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia induced-exosomal PKM2 were demonstrated using flow cytometry, immunoblotting, oxidative stress detection and histological examination. A series of in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the function of hypoxia-induced exosomes on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Results: Hypoxia exacerbated the cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cells due to the increased expression of PKM2 that was observed in the exosomes secreted by hypoxic cisplatin-resistance cells. We identified that hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 transmitted cisplatin-resistance to sensitive NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 promoted glycolysis in NSCLC cells to produce reductive metabolites, which may neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by cisplatin. Additionally, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 inhibited apoptosis in a PKM2-BCL2-dependent manner. Moreover, hypoxia-induced exosomal PKM2 reprogrammed CAFs to create an acidic microenvironment promoting NSCLC cells proliferation and cisplatin resistance. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that hypoxia-induced exosomes transmit cisplatin resistance to sensitive NSCLC cells by delivering PKM2. Exosomal PKM2 may serve as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Chaoshuai Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Aimi Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Kunchi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Hua
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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32
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Bilusic M, Girardi D, Zhou Y, Jung K, Pei J, Slifker M, Chen Q, Meerzaman D, Alpaugh K, Young D, Flieder D, Gray P, Plimack E. Molecular Profiling of Exceptional Responders to Cancer Therapy. Oncologist 2020; 26:186-195. [PMID: 33210795 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of metastatic cancers cannot be cured. Palliative treatment may relieve disease symptoms by stopping or slowing cancer growth and may prolong patients' lives, but almost all patients will inevitably develop disease progression after initial response. However, for reasons that are not fully understood, a very few patients will have extraordinary durable responses to standard anticancer treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed exceptional responders treated at Fox Chase Cancer Center between September 2009 and November 2017. An exceptional response was defined as a complete response lasting more than 1 year or a partial response or stable disease for more than 2 years. Tumor samples were analyzed using an Ambry Genetics test kit with a 142-gene panel. Messenger RNA expression was evaluated using NanoString's nCounter PanCancer Pathways Panel and Immune Profiling Panel and compared with matched controls for gender, age, and cancer type. RESULTS Twenty-six exceptional responders with metastatic bladder, kidney, breast, lung, ovarian, uterine, and colon cancers were enrolled. Mutations were identified in 45 genes. The most common mutation was an EPHA5 nonsynonymous mutation detected in 87.5% of patients. Mutations in DNA damage repair pathway genes were also frequent, suggesting increased genome instability. We also found varying expression of 73 genes in the Pathways panel and 85 genes in the Immune Profiling panel, many of them responsible for improvement in tumor recognition and antitumor immune response. CONCLUSIONS The genomic instability detected in our exceptional responders, plus treatment with DNA damage compounds combined with favorable anticancer immunity, may have contributed to exceptional responses to standard anticancer therapies in the patients studied. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE With recent advances in the treatment of cancer, there is increased emphasis on the importance of identifying molecular markers to predict treatment outcomes, thereby allowing precision oncology. In this study, it was hypothesized that there is a "specific biologic signature" in the biology of the cancer in long-term survivors that allows sensitivity to systemic therapy and durability of response. Results showed that DNA damage repair pathway alterations, combined with favorable anticancer immunity, may have contributed to exceptional responses. It is very likely that an in-depth examination of outlier responses will become a standard component of drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijo Bilusic
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Girardi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yan Zhou
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyungsuk Jung
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jianming Pei
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Qingrong Chen
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daoud Meerzaman
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Denise Young
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang Q, Liao J, He Z, Su Y, Lin D, Xu L, Xu H, Lin J. LHX6 Affects Erlotinib Resistance and Migration of EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer HCC827 Cells Through Suppressing Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10983-10994. [PMID: 33149613 PMCID: PMC7605383 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s258896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background miR-214 has been reported to contribute to erlotinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through targeting LHX6; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of LHX6 in mediating the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in erlotinib-resistant NSCLC HCC827 (HCC827/ER) cells remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the contribution of LHX6 to EGFR-TKIs resistance in HCC827/ER cells. Materials and Methods HCC827/ER cells were generated by erlotinib treatment at a dose-escalation scheme. LHX6 knockout or overexpression was modeled in HCC827 and HCC827/ER cells, and then erlotinib IC50 values were measured. The cell migration ability was evaluated using a transwell migration assay, and the TCF/LEF luciferase activity was assessed with a TCF/LEF reporter luciferase assay. LHX6, β-catenin and Cyclin D1 expression was quantified using qPCR and Western blotting assays. In addition, the LHX6 expression was detected in lung cancer and peri-cancer specimens using immunohistochemical staining, and the associations of LHX expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of lung cancer were evaluated. Results Lower LHX6 expression was detected in HCC827/ER cells than in HCC827 cells (P < 0.0001), while higher β-catenin expression was seen in HCC827/ER cells than in HCC827 cells (P < 0.001). LHX6 knockout increased erlotinib resistance and cell migration ability in HCC827 cells, and LHX6 overexpression inhibited erlotinib resistance and cell migration ability in HCC827/ER cells. In addition, LHX6 mediated erlotinib resistance and cell migration ability in HCC827/ER cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Immunohistochemical staining showed lower LHX6 expression in lung cancer specimens relative to peri-cancer specimens, and there were no associations of LHX6 expression with pathologic stage, gender, age or tumor size in lung cancer patients (P > 0.05). Conclusion LHX6 down-regulation may induce EGFR-TKIs resistance and increase the migration ability of HCC827/ER cells via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Liao
- Department of Radiobiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong He
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translation Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Radiobiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Cui K, Zhu M, Gu Y. Coexpression Module Construction by Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis and Identify Potential Prognostic Markers of Breast Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 37:612-623. [PMID: 33052716 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor with the highest morbidity among women, disrupting millions of their lives worldwide each year. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying remain unclear. Methods: The RNA-Sequencing and clinical data of BC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Additionally, coexpressed modules were used to detect their correlation with the clinical traits of BC. Next, nodes of the most significant coexpression modules were used for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, mRNA-lncRNA coexpression network and survival analyses. Results: In total, 2056 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 297 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were identified and subjected to WGCNA analysis, and 12 coexpression modules were generated. The top five significant modules (turquoise, green, red, brown, and blue modules) were related to one or more clinical traits of BC. In particular, the turquoise and green modules were chosen for further analysis. Next, by lncRNA-mRNA coexpression analysis of the turquoise and green modules, 12 DEmRNAs and 2 DElncRNAs were identified as hub nodes. The lncRNA-associated mRNAs of the networks were commonly related to several cancer-related pathways. Moreover, these networks also revealed central roles for RP11-389C8.2 and TGFBR2 in the turquoise module and MYLK, KIT, and RP11-394O4.5 in the green module. Furthermore, 16 DEmRNAs and 3 DElncRNAs in these two modules were significantly correlated with the overall survival of BC patients. Conclusions: The authors' study identified some prognostic biomarkers that might play important roles in the development and treatment of BC. In particular, lncRNAs AC016995.3, RP1-193H18.2, and RP11-166D19.1 were novel biomarkers for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kang Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanting Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Li Y, Wei Z, Huang S, Yang B. mRNA expression and DNA methylation analysis of the inhibitory mechanism of H 2O 2 on the proliferation of A549 cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:288. [PMID: 33014166 PMCID: PMC7520746 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), can induce proliferation inhibition and death of A549 cells via oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has effect on DNA methylation. Oxidative stress and DNA methylation feature a common denominator: The one carbon cycle. To explore the inhibitory mechanism of H2O2 on the proliferation of lung cancer cells, the present study analysed the mRNA expression and methylation profiles in A549 cells treated with H2O2 for 24 h, as adenocarcinoma is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. The DNA methylation profile was constructed using reduced representation bisulphite sequencing, which identified 29,755 differentially methylated sites (15,365 upregulated and 14,390 downregulated), and 1,575 differentially methylated regions located in the gene promoters were identified using the methylKit. Analysis of the assocaition between gene expression and methylation levels revealed that several genes were downregulated and hypermethylated, including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3, denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog, centromere protein (CENP)F, kinesin family member (KIF)20A, CENPA, KIF11, PCNA clamp-associated factor and GINS complex subunit 2, which may be involved in the inhibitory process of H2O2 on the proliferation of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yepeng Li
- Department of Oncology, Biomedical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongheng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Biomedical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Biomedical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi College and Universities, Biomedical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 533000, P.R. China
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Zhang LL, Lu J, Liu RQ, Hu MJ, Zhao YM, Tan S, Wang SY, Zhang B, Nie W, Dong Y, Zhong H, Zhang W, Zhao XD, Han BH. Chromatin accessibility analysis reveals that TFAP2A promotes angiogenesis in acquired resistance to anlotinib in lung cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1357-1365. [PMID: 32415222 PMCID: PMC7608858 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anlotinib, a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is effective as a third-line treatment against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired resistance occurs during its administration. To understand the molecular mechanisms of anlotinib resistance, we characterized chromatin accessibility in both the parental and anlotinib-resistant lung cancer cell line NCI-H1975 through ATAC-seq. Compared with the parental cells, we identified 2666 genomic regions with greater accessibility in anlotinib-resistant cells, in which angiogenesis-related processes and the motifs of 21 transcription factors were enriched. Among these transcription factors, TFAP2A was upregulated. TFAP2A knockdown robustly diminished tumor-induced angiogenesis and partially rescued the anti-angiogenic activity of anlotinib. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis indicated that 2280 genes were downregulated in anlotinib-resistant cells with TFAP2A knocked down, among which the PDGFR, TGF-β, and VEGFR signaling pathways were enriched. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that TFAP2A binds to accessible sites within BMP4 and HSPG2. Collectively, this study suggests that TFAP2A accelerates anlotinib resistance by promoting tumor-induced angiogenesis.
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Hu L, Wang J, Wang Y, Wu L, Wu C, Mao B, Maruthi Prasad E, Wang Y, Chin YE. LOXL1 modulates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of YAP. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:148. [PMID: 32912229 PMCID: PMC7488294 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LOX-like 1 (LOXL1) is a lysyl oxidase, and emerging evidence has revealed its effect on malignant cancer progression. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Methods LOXL1 expression in colorectal cancer was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR. In vitro, colony formation, wound healing, migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the effects of LOXL1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In vivo, metastasis models and mouse xenografts were used to assess tumorigenicity and metastasis ability. Molecular biology experiments were utilized to reveal the underlying mechanisms by which LOXL1 modulates the Hippo pathway. Results LOXL1 was highly expressed in normal colon tissues compared with cancer tissues. In vitro, silencing LOXL1 in CRC cell lines dramatically enhanced migration, invasion, and colony formation, while overexpression of LOXL1 exerted the opposite effects. The results of the in vivo experiments demonstrated that the overexpression of LOXL1 in CRC cell lines drastically inhibited metastatic progression and tumour growth. Mechanistically, LOXL1 inhibited the transcriptional activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP) by interacting with MST1/2 and increasing the phosphorylation of MST1/2. Conclusions LOXL1 may function as an important tumour suppressor in regulating tumour growth, invasion and metastasis via negative regulation of YAP activity. Video abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunliang Wang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linpeng Wu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Mao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - E Maruthi Prasad
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen key of Laboratory of Translational medicine of Tumor, Shenzhen University Health science center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Du H, Li Y, Sun R, Yuan Y, Sun S, Zhang Y. CEACAM6 promotes cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma and is regulated by microRNA-146a and microRNA-26a. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2473-2482. [PMID: 32648688 PMCID: PMC7471054 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)‐related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is a glycophosphoinositol‐anchored glycoprotein which mediates cell‐cell interactions. Here, we aimed to explore the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of CEACAM6 on cisplatin (DDP) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods RNA sequencing was performed in the DDP‐resistant A549/DDP cell line and parental A549 cell line; miRNA expression profiling of the two cell lines was analyzed using GEO data (GSE43249). Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments were used to investigate the biological function of CEACAM6 in vitro. The expression status and prognostic value of CEACAM6 in LUAD were verified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results CEACAM6 was first screened to be one of the most significantly upregulated genes in the DDP‐resistant A549/DDP cell line compared to the parental A549 cell line. Combined with computational prediction of candidate miRNAs that target CEACAM6, miR‐146a and miR‐26a were selected and verified by qPCR and luciferase reporter assay. The knockdown of CEACAM6 expression in A549/DDP cells inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration, decreased the IC50 values of DDP, and caused a significant downregulation of N‐cadherin, vimentin, Sox2, Oct4 and GTP‐RhoA and upregulation of E‐cadherin; while CEACAM6 overexpression in A549 cells resulted in the opposite effects. Of note, both miR‐146a and miR‐26a could counteract the biological effects of CEACAM6. Furthermore, CEACAM6 mRNA expression was significantly unregulated in DDP‐resistant LUAD tissues of TCGA database. Conclusions CEACAM6 promotes DDP resistance in LUAD by affecting the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and stemness, which is post‐transcriptionally regulated by miR‐146a and miR‐26a.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Youwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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MiR-320a is associated with cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical value in non-small cell lung cancer: A comprehensive analysis based on microarray data. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:193-197. [PMID: 32731058 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the main treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgery and chemotherapy. Although major progress has been made in targeted treatment and immunotherapy, the survival rates for this disease are still low and associated with resistance to chemotherapy. Previous studies have shown that histone acetylation and microRNAs (miRNAs) might play an important role in chemotherapy resistance. The aim of this study was to identify candidate miRNAs related to cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS We used 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A to reverse the drug resistance of A549/DDP cells in vitro, and miRNA expression profiling was performed by microarrays to identify candidate miRNAs. In addition, we investigated the correlations between miR-320a expression and clinical characteristics through data collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarrays, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to determine the clinical role of miR-320a in lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we investigated the biological function of miR-320a. TargetScanHuman, PicTar2005 and miRanda v5.1. were used to predict the target genes of miR-320a; then, the function of these genes were suggested from the enrichment of GO categories items and KEGG analyses. RESULTS Treatment with 5-Aza-dc significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, and increased apoptosis in the A549/DDP cells compared with the untreated cells. TSA did not reverse cisplatin resistance. MiR-320a was up-regulated during reversal of cisplatin resistance. The lung adenocarcinoma groups had a significantly lower level of miR-320a expression than the control groups. For the bioinformatics analyses, we found some target genes involved in cell cycle progression, tumor progression, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the ErbB signaling pathway. The promising target genes were highly enriched in various pathways in cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current study confirmed miR-320a was up-regulated during the revering of cisplatin resistance. The results of bioinformatics analyses may present a new method for investigating the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Karakaidos P, Karagiannis D, Rampias T. Resolving DNA Damage: Epigenetic Regulation of DNA Repair. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112496. [PMID: 32471288 PMCID: PMC7321228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic research has rapidly evolved into a dynamic field of genome biology. Chromatin regulation has been proved to be an essential aspect for all genomic processes, including DNA repair. Chromatin structure is modified by enzymes and factors that deposit, erase, and interact with epigenetic marks such as DNA and histone modifications, as well as by complexes that remodel nucleosomes. In this review we discuss recent advances on how the chromatin state is modulated during this multi-step process of damage recognition, signaling, and repair. Moreover, we examine how chromatin is regulated when different pathways of DNA repair are utilized. Furthermore, we review additional modes of regulation of DNA repair, such as through the role of global and localized chromatin states in maintaining expression of DNA repair genes, as well as through the activity of epigenetic enzymes on non-nucleosome substrates. Finally, we discuss current and future applications of the mechanistic interplays between chromatin regulation and DNA repair in the context cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitris Karagiannis
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-659-7469
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Hua X, Zhang H, Jia J, Chen S, Sun Y, Zhu X. Roles of S100 family members in drug resistance in tumors: Status and prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110156. [PMID: 32335300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy and targeted therapy can significantly improve survival rates in cancer, but multiple drug resistance (MDR) limits the efficacy of these approaches. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MDR is crucial for improving drug efficacy and clinical outcomes of patients with cancer. S100 proteins belong to a family of calcium-binding proteins and have various functions in tumor development. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the dysregulation of various S100 proteins contributes to the development of drug resistance in tumors, providing a basis for the development of predictive and prognostic biomarkers in cancer. Therefore, a combination of biological inhibitors or sensitizers of dysregulated S100 proteins could enhance therapeutic responses. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the mechanisms by which S100 family members influence resistance of tumors to cancer treatment, with a focus on the development of effective strategies for overcoming MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, 224000, China.
| | - Jinfang Jia
- Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yue Sun
- Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Elevated Glutathione Peroxidase 2 Expression Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7370157. [PMID: 32215178 PMCID: PMC7079220 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7370157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the roles of GPX2, a member of the glutathione peroxidase family (GPXs, GSH-Px), in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). GPX2 was found to be the most significantly upregulated gene in a DDP-resistant A549/DDP cell line compared with the parental A549 cell line by RNA sequencing. The knockdown of GPX2 expression in A549/DDP cells inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, decreased the IC50 values of DDP, induced apoptosis, inhibited the activities of GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase (SOD), inhibited ATP production and glucose uptake, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; while GPX2 overexpression in A549 cells resulted in the opposite effects. Using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we found that GPX2 may be involved in DDP resistance through mediating drug metabolism, the cell cycle, DNA repair and energy metabolism, and the regulation of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters member ABCB6, which is one of the hallmark genes in glycolysis. Moreover, immunohistochemistry revealed that GPX2 was upregulated in 58.6% (89/152) of LUAD cases, and elevated GPX2 expression was correlated with high expression of ABCB6, high 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake, and adverse disease-free survival (DFS) in our cohort. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data also indicated that GPX2 expression was higher in LUAD than it was in normal lung tissues, and the mRNA expression levels of GPX2 and ABCB6 were positively correlated. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that GPX2 acts as oncogene in LUAD and promotes DDP resistance by regulating oxidative stress and energy metabolism.
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Zhang Y, Du H, Li Y, Yuan Y, Chen B, Sun S. Elevated TRIM23 expression predicts cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:637-646. [PMID: 31677335 PMCID: PMC7004530 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif containing 23 (TRIM23) gene is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family that participates in many pathophysiological processes. However, the role of TRIM23 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. In the present study, TRIM23 was first screened by next-generation sequencing between the cisplatin (DDP)-resistant A549/DDP cell line and the parental A549 cell line, combined with integrated analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data (E-GEOD-43493 and E-GEOD-43494). The expression of TRIM23 was then verified to be upregulated in the DDP-resistant LUAD cells and tissues. The knockdown of TRIM23 expression in A549/DDP cells caused increased apoptosis, decreased IC50 values of DDP, NF-κB nuclear translocation, inhibition of cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, inhibition of GLUT1/3 expression, glucose uptake, and lactate and ATP production. TRIM23 overexpression resulted in the opposite effects in A549 cells. In addition, the inhibition of proliferation in A549 cells caused by NF-κB signaling inhibitor PTDC or glycolysis inhibitor 3-BrPA could be weakened by TRIM23 overexpression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TRIM23 was upregulated in 46.1% (70/152) of LUAD cases, and elevated TRIM23 expression was correlated with high expression of NF-κB, poor cellular differentiation, and adverse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that TRIM23 acts as an oncogene in LUAD and promotes DDP resistance by regulating glucose metabolism via the TRIM23/NF-κB/ GLUT1/3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - He Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Morel D, Jeffery D, Aspeslagh S, Almouzni G, Postel-Vinay S. Combining epigenetic drugs with other therapies for solid tumours - past lessons and future promise. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 17:91-107. [PMID: 31570827 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation has long been recognized as a key factor contributing to tumorigenesis and tumour maintenance that can influence all of the recognized hallmarks of cancer. Despite regulatory approvals for the treatment of certain haematological malignancies, the efficacy of the first generation of epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) in patients with solid tumours has been disappointing; however, successes have now been achieved in selected solid tumour subtypes, thanks to the development of novel compounds and a better understanding of cancer biology that have enabled precision medicine approaches. Several lines of evidence support that, beyond their potential as monotherapies, epigenetic drugs could have important roles in synergy with other anticancer therapies or in reversing acquired therapy resistance. Herein, we review the mechanisms by which epi-drugs can modulate the sensitivity of cancer cells to other forms of anticancer therapy, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy. We provide a critical appraisal of the preclinical rationale, completed clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials relating to combination therapies incorporating epi-drugs. Finally, we propose and discuss rational clinical trial designs and drug development strategies, considering key factors including patient selection, tumour biomarker evaluation, drug scheduling and response assessment and study end points, with the aim of optimizing the development of such combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Morel
- ATIP-Avenir Group, UMR981, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Jeffery
- Nuclear Dynamics Unit - UMR3664, National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Nuclear Dynamics Unit - UMR3664, National Centre for Scientific Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
| | - Sophie Postel-Vinay
- ATIP-Avenir Group, UMR981, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
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Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Li Y, Zhang P, Chen P, Sun S. An inverse interaction between HOXA11 and HOXA11-AS is associated with cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2019; 14:949-960. [PMID: 31144606 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1625673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXA11, which is a member of the homeobox (HOX) gene family, and its natural antisense transcript (NAT) HOXA11-AS have been reported to be closely related to the development of lung cancer. We aimed to investigate their specific roles in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). First, we found that HOXA11 is hypermethylated and significantly downregulated in a DDP-resistant A549 cell line (A549/DDP) and LUAD tissues, while the HOXA11-AS expression level is elevated. Although HOXA11 and HOXA11-AS mRNA overlap in the 5'-untranslated region (5' UTR) and share two CpG islands, DNA methylation only regulates the expression of HOXA11. Then, we found that HOXA11 and HOXA11-AS have an inverse interaction by transfecting their siRNAs and overexpression vectors into A549 and A549/DDP cells. A dual-luciferase reporter assay further confirmed that the overlapping 5'UTR is essential for the bidirectional regulation between HOXA11 and HOXA11-AS. Functional analysis showed that knockdown of HOXA11 expression in A549 cells induced DDP resistance and activated Akt/β-catenin signaling, while overexpression of HOXA11 in A549/DDP cells increased DDP sensitivity and inhibited Akt/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, HOXA11-AS knockdown in A549 cells increased DDP sensitivity and inhibited Akt/β-catenin signaling, while the overexpression of HOXA11-AS in A549/DDP cells induced DDP resistance and activated Akt/β-catenin signaling. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the inverse interaction between HOXA11 and HOXA11-AS promotes DDP resistance in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Zhang
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University , Xuzhou , China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University , Xuzhou , China
| | - Yang Li
- b Department of Molecular Laboratory, Affiliated Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University , Xuzhou , China
| | - Peiying Zhang
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University , Xuzhou , China
| | - Pingsheng Chen
- c Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southeast University , Nanjing , China
| | - Sanyuan Sun
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University , Xuzhou , China
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Zeltz C, Pasko E, Cox TR, Navab R, Tsao MS. LOXL1 Is Regulated by Integrin α11 and Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumorigenicity. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050705. [PMID: 31121900 PMCID: PMC6562909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin α11, a stromal collagen receptor, promotes tumor growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with the regulation of collagen stiffness in the tumor stroma. We have previously reported that lysyl oxidase like-1 (LOXL1), a matrix cross-linking enzyme, is down-regulated in integrin α11-deficient mice. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between LOXL1 and integrin α11, and the role of LOXL1 in NSCLC tumorigenicity. Our results show that the expression of LOXL1 and integrin α11 was correlated in three lung adenocarcinoma patient datasets and that integrin α11 indeed regulated LOXL1 expression in stromal cells. Using cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) with either a knockdown or overexpression of LOXL1, we demonstrated a role for LOXL1 in collagen matrix remodeling and collagen fiber alignment in vitro and in vivo in a NSCLC xenograft model. As a consequence of collagen reorganization in NSCLC tumor stroma, we showed that LOXL1 supported tumor growth and progression. Our findings demonstrate that stromal LOXL1, under regulation of integrin α11, is a determinant factor of NSCLC tumorigenesis and may be an interesting target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Zeltz
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Elena Pasko
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Thomas R Cox
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Roya Navab
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
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McCoach CE, Bivona TG. Engineering Multidimensional Evolutionary Forces to Combat Cancer. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:587-604. [PMID: 30992280 PMCID: PMC6497542 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With advances in technology and bioinformatics, we are now positioned to view and manage cancer through an evolutionary lens. This perspective is critical as our appreciation for the role of tumor heterogeneity, tumor immune compartment, and tumor microenvironment on cancer pathogenesis and evolution grows. Here, we explore recent knowledge on the evolutionary basis of cancer pathogenesis and progression, viewing tumors as multilineage, multicomponent organisms whose growth is regulated by subcomponent fitness relationships. We propose reconsidering some current tenets of the cancer management paradigm in order to take better advantage of crucial fitness relationships to improve outcomes of patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Tumor and tumor immune compartment and microenvironment heterogeneity, and their evolution, are critical disease features that affect treatment response. The impact and interplay of these components during treatment are viable targets to improve clinical response. In this article, we consider how tumor cells, the tumor immune compartment and microenvironment, and epigenetic factors interact and also evolve during treatment. We evaluate the convergence of these factors and suggest innovative treatment concepts that leverage evolutionary relationships to limit tumor growth and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E McCoach
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Glutathione Peroxidase 1 Promotes NSCLC Resistance to Cisplatin via ROS-Induced Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7640547. [PMID: 31032363 PMCID: PMC6457285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7640547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cytotoxicity is an important mechanism by which cisplatin kills tumor cells. Glutathione peroxidase family (GPXs) is an important member of antioxidant system which metabolizes intracellular ROS and maintains homeostasis of cells. Altered expressions of GPXs enzymes, especially GPX1, have been described in a variety of human cancers. However, their functional roles in cisplatin-based chemoresistance in human malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer have never been explored. Methods A panel of NSCLC cell lines were selected for this study. GPX1 expression was detected using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Cisplatin-induced cell killing was analyzed by CCK8 assay. Intracellular ROS levels were detected by fluorescence-based flow cytometry analysis. In vitro overexpression and knockdown of GPX1 expression were performed using GPX1 expression vector and siRNA approaches. Protein levels of PTEN, NF-κB, BCL2, Bax, and phosphorylated AKT were detected with western blot analysis using specific antibodies. Results GPX1 expression was upregulated in a subset of NSCLC cell lines resistant to cisplatin treatment. Expression vector-mediated forced overexpression of GPX1 significantly increased cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cell lines, whereas RNA inference-mediated downregulation of GPX1 could restore sensitivity to cisplatin. Overexpression of GPX1 significantly suppressed elevation of intracellular ROS and activation of AKT pathway when NSCLC cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of cisplatin. Activation of the AKT pathway inhibited proapoptotic cascade and subsequently led to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. Inhibition of NF-κB by its chemical inhibitor BAY can significantly downregulate GPX1 expression and restore the cisplatin sensitivity of the cell lines resistant to cisplatin. Conclusions Our findings suggested that overexpression of GPX1 is a novel molecular mechanism for cisplatin-based chemoresistance in NSCLC. GPX1 overexpression blocks cisplatin-induced ROS intracellular accumulation, activates PI3K-AKT pathway by increased AKT phosphorylation, and further leads to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling may be an alternative approach for restoring cisplatin sensitivity for NSCLC cells resistant to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Liu Y, Song Y, Ye M, Hu X, Wang ZP, Zhu X. The emerging role of WISP proteins in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. J Transl Med 2019; 17:28. [PMID: 30651114 PMCID: PMC6335850 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein (WISP) genes, which belong to members of the CCN growth factor family, play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression of a broad spectrum of human cancers. Mounting studies have identified that WISP proteins (WISP1-3) exert different biological functions in various human malignancies. Emerging evidence indicates that WISP proteins are critically involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis in cancers. Because the understanding of a direct function of WISP proteins in cancer development and progression has begun to emerge, in this review article, we describe the physiological function of WISP proteins in a variety of human cancers. Moreover, we highlight the current understanding of how the WISP protein is involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss that targeting WISP proteins could be a promising strategy for the treatment of human cancers. Hence, the regulation of WISP proteins could improve treatments for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizuo Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Peter Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China. .,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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50
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Zhu X, Tian X, Sun T, Yu C, Cao Y, Yan T, Shen C, Lin Y, Fang JY, Hong J, Chen H. GeneExpressScore Signature: a robust prognostic and predictive classifier in gastric cancer. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1871-1883. [PMID: 29957874 PMCID: PMC6210036 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several prognostic signatures have been developed for gastric cancer (GC), the utility of these tools is limited in clinical practice due to lack of validation with large and multiple independent cohorts, or lack of a statistical test to determine the robustness of the predictive models. Here, a prognostic signature was constructed using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model and a training dataset with 300 GC patients. The signature was verified in three independent datasets with a total of 658 tumors across multiplatforms. A nomogram based on the signature was built to predict disease-free survival (DFS). Based on the LASSO model, we created a GeneExpressScore signature (GESGC ) classifier comprised of eight mRNA. With this classifier patients could be divided into two subgroups with distinctive prognoses [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.41-6.66, P < 0.0001]. The prognostic value was consistently validated in three independent datasets. Interestingly, the high-GESGC group was associated with invasion, microsatellite stable/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (MSS/EMT), and genomically stable (GS) subtypes. The predictive accuracy of GESGC also outperformed five previously published signatures. Finally, a well-performed nomogram integrating the GESGC and four clinicopathological factors was generated to predict 3- and 5-year DFS. In summary, we describe an eight-mRNA-based signature, GESGC , as a predictive model for disease progression in GC. The robustness of this signature was validated across patient series, populations, and multiplatform datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Xianglong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Chenyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Yingying Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Chaoqin Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Yanwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Jie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
| | - Haoyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, China
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