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Iddins CJ, DiCarlo AL, Ervin MD, Herrera-Reyes E, Goans RE. Cutaneous and local radiation injuries. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:10.1088/1361-6498/ac241a. [PMID: 34488201 PMCID: PMC8785213 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The threat of a large-scale radiological or nuclear (R/N) incident looms in the present-day climate, as noted most recently in an editorial in Scientific American (March 2021). These large-scale incidents are infrequent but affect large numbers of people. Smaller-scale R/N incidents occur more often, affecting smaller numbers of people. There is more awareness of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) in the medical community; however, ionising radiation-induced injuries to the skin are much less understood. This article will provide an overview of radiation-induced injuries to the skin, deeper tissues, and organs. The history and nomenclature; types and causes of injuries; pathophysiology; evaluation and diagnosis; current medical management; and current research of the evaluation and management are presented. Cutaneous radiation injuries (CRI) or local radiation injuries (LRI) may lead to cutaneous radiation syndrome, a sub-syndrome of ARS. These injuries may occur from exposure to radioactive particles suspended in the environment (air, soil, water) after a nuclear detonation or an improvised nuclear detonation (IND), a nuclear power plant incident, or an encounter with a radioactive dispersal or exposure device. These incidents may also result in a radiation-combined injury; a chemical, thermal, or traumatic injury, with radiation exposure. Skin injuries from medical diagnostic and therapeutic imaging, medical misadministration of nuclear medicine or radiotherapy, occupational exposures (including research) to radioactive sources are more common but are not the focus of this manuscript. Diagnosis and evaluation of injuries are based on the scenario, clinical picture, and dosimetry, and may be assisted through advanced imaging techniques. Research-based multidisciplinary therapies, both in the laboratory and clinical trial environments, hold promise for future medical management. Great progress is being made in recognising the extent of injuries, understanding their pathophysiology, as well as diagnosis and management; however, research gaps still exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol J Iddins
- Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mark D Ervin
- Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | | | - Ronald E Goans
- Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS), Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
- MJW Corporation, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
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Fedoros EI, Orlov AA, Zherebker A, Gubareva EA, Maydin MA, Konstantinov AI, Krasnov KA, Karapetian RN, Izotova EI, Pigarev SE, Panchenko AV, Tyndyk ML, Osolodkin DI, Nikolaev EN, Perminova IV, Anisimov VN. Novel water-soluble lignin derivative BP-Cx-1: identification of components and screening of potential targets in silico and in vitro. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18578-18593. [PMID: 29719628 PMCID: PMC5915095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of molecular targets and mechanism of action is always a challenge, in particular – for natural compounds due to inherent chemical complexity. BP-Cx-1 is a water-soluble modification of hydrolyzed lignin used as the platform for a portfolio of innovative pharmacological products aimed for therapy and supportive care of oncological patients. The present study describes a new approach, which combines in vitro screening of potential molecular targets for BP-Cx-1 using Diversity Profile - P9 panel by Eurofins Cerep (France) with a search of possible active components in silico in ChEMBL - manually curated chemical database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. The results of diversity assay demonstrate that BP-Cx-1 has multiple biological effects on neurotransmitters receptors, ligand-gated ion channels and transporters. Of particular importance is that the major part of identified molecular targets are involved in modulation of inflammation and immune response and might be related to tumorigenesis. Characterization of molecular composition of BP-Cx-1 with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and subsequent identification of possible active components by searching for molecular matches in silico in ChEMBL indicated polyphenolic components, nominally, flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes, as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx-1. In vitro and in silico target screening yielded overlapping lists of proteins: adenosine receptors, dopamine receptor DRD4, glucocorticoid receptor, serotonin receptor 5-HT1, prostaglandin receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptor, GABAA receptor. The pleiotropic molecular activities of polyphenolic components are beneficial in treatment of multifactorial disorders such as diseases associated with chronic inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia.,Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg 192012, Russia
| | - Alexey A Orlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Zherebker
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Maydin
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Krasnov
- Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg 192019, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andrey V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita L Tyndyk
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Osolodkin
- Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow 108819, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia.,Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Irina V Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
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Panchenko AV, Fedoros EI, Pigarev SE, Maydin MA, Gubareva EA, Yurova MN, Kireeva GS, Lanskikh GP, Tyndyk ML, Anisimov VN. Effect of the polyphenol composition BP-C3 on haematological and intestinal indicators of 5-fluorouracil toxicity in mice. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3124-3132. [PMID: 29599844 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BP-C3 is a formulation, which comprises lignin-derived polyphenolic composition of benzenepolycarboxylic acids (BP-Cx-1) with iron complex, selenium, ascorbic acid and retinol, and possesses geroprotective activity. The present study examined the effect of BP-C3 (80 mg/kg, administered 18 times in total by gavage) on the development of haematological and intestinal manifestations of toxicity following 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 150 mg/kg, administered once via intravenous injection) administration in outbred male Swiss-H Rappolovo (SHR) mice. The use of BP-C3 on therapeutic and preventative/therapeutic schedules demonstrated that it was protective against the toxic effect of 5-FU exerted on the lymphopoietic organs. Administering ВР-С3 24 h after 5-FU (therapeutic schedule) had an effect on the recovery of leukopoiesis and prevented anaemia in the mice. In the mice that received 5-FU and 5-FU with BP-C3 prior to and following administration of the chemotherapeutic agent (preventative/therapeutic schedule), mild anaemia developed by day 7. Administration of BP-C3 without 5-FU did not affect blood cell differentiation in the mice. Thus, BP-C3, depending on the administration schedule, had different effects on the haematological parameters of haematopoietic organs and peripheral blood in mice exposed to 5-FU. BP-C3 promoted intestinal crypt survival when administered on the preventative/therapeutic and therapeutic schedules, suggesting that the formulation protects the epithelium of the small intestine against damage by 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Panchenko
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Elena I Fedoros
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia.,Nobel, Ltd., Saint-Petersburg 192012, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail A Maydin
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Maria N Yurova
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Galina S Kireeva
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Galina P Lanskikh
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita L Tyndyk
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
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Bykov VN, Drachev IS, Kraev SY, Maydin MA, Gubareva EA, Pigarev SE, Anisimov VN, Baldueva IA, Fedoros EI, Panchenko AV. Radioprotective and radiomitigative effects of BP-C2, a novel lignin-derived polyphenolic composition with ammonium molybdate, in two mouse strains exposed to total body irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 94:114-123. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1416204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Bykov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor S. Drachev
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu. Kraev
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Maydin
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Gubareva
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir N. Anisimov
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina A. Baldueva
- Department of Oncoimmunology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena I. Fedoros
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Meabco A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrey V. Panchenko
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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