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Developmental HCN channelopathy results in decreased neural progenitor proliferation and microcephaly in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2009393118. [PMID: 34429357 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009393118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the cerebral cortex relies on the controlled division of neural stem and progenitor cells. The requirement for precise spatiotemporal control of proliferation and cell fate places a high demand on the cell division machinery, and defective cell division can cause microcephaly and other brain malformations. Cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic factors govern the capacity of cortical progenitors to produce large numbers of neurons and glia within a short developmental time window. In particular, ion channels shape the intrinsic biophysical properties of precursor cells and neurons and control their membrane potential throughout the cell cycle. We found that hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channel subunits are expressed in mouse, rat, and human neural progenitors. Loss of HCN channel function in rat neural stem cells impaired their proliferation by affecting the cell-cycle progression, causing G1 accumulation and dysregulation of genes associated with human microcephaly. Transgene-mediated, dominant-negative loss of HCN channel function in the embryonic mouse telencephalon resulted in pronounced microcephaly. Together, our findings suggest a role for HCN channel subunits as a part of a general mechanism influencing cortical development in mammals.
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Tonon LAC, de Azevedo GPR, Monteiro AF, Bernardi DI, Gubiani JR, Ióca LP, Mattsson HK, Moreira APB, Gomes AF, Pires Junior OR, da S G Pedrosa C, Souza LRQ, Rehen SK, Thompson CC, Thompson FL, Berlinck RGS. New tetrodotoxin analogs in Brazilian pufferfishes tissues and microbiome. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125211. [PMID: 31896201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While tetrodotoxin (TTX) is commonly found in pufferfish tissues, it is unclear if bacterial symbionts isolated from pufferfish tissues can produce TTX. In this investigation, UPLC qTOF-MS/MS analysis of tissue extracts obtained from Sphoeroides spengleri and Canthigaster figuereidoi identified TTX in their composition, indicating their consumption is unsafe. UPLC qTOF-MS/MS analysis coupled with Molecular Networking indicated new TTX analogs (methyl-TTX, TTX-acetate, hydroxypropyl-TTX and glycerol-TTX). Bacterial extracts from sixteen strains revealed a compound with a [M+H]+ ion at m/z 320.1088, identical to TTX. However, TTX itself was not detected in these cultures by UPLC-MS/MS. Neurotoxicity of Vibrio A665 purified fraction 2 (with precursor [M+H]+ ion at m/z 320.1088) was significant in human neural stem cells (hNSCs), but the Nav blockage activity was not confirmed by the veratridine/ouabain essays, indicating a possible difference in the mechanism of action between the bacterium A665 purified fraction 2 and TTX. Vibrios symbionts of pufferfish point out involving in the production of TTX precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane A Chimetto Tonon
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo P R de Azevedo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | - Afif F Monteiro
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura P Ióca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hannah K Mattsson
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula B Moreira
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Stevens K Rehen
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), RJ, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, SAGE-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil.
| | - Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Mirsadeghi S, Shahbazi E, Hemmesi K, Nemati S, Baharvand H, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Kiani S. Development of membrane ion channels during neural differentiation from human embryonic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:166-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Halliwell RF. Electrophysiological properties of neurons derived from human stem cells and iNeurons in vitro. Neurochem Int 2016; 106:37-47. [PMID: 27742467 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Functional studies of neurons have traditionally used nervous system tissues from a variety of non-human vertebrate and invertebrate species, even when the focus of much of this research has been directed at understanding human brain function. Over the last decade, the identification and isolation of human stem cells from embryonic, tissue (or adult) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the availability of human neurons for experimental studies in vitro. In addition, the direct conversion of terminally differentiated fibroblasts into Induced neurons (iN) has generated great excitement because of the likely value of such human stem cell derived neurons (hSCNs) and iN cells in drug discovery, neuropharmacology, neurotoxicology and regenerative medicine. This review addresses the current state of our knowledge of functional receptors and ion channels expressed in neurons derived from human stem cells and iNeurons and identifies gaps and questions that might be investigated in future studies; it focusses almost exclusively on what is known about the electrophysiological properties of neurons derived from human stem cells and iN cells in vitro with an emphasis on voltage and ligand gated ion channels, since these mediate synaptic signalling in the nervous system and they are at the heart of neuropharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Halliwell
- Schools of Pharmacy & Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 751 Brookside Road, Stockton, CA, USA.
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Kulkarni S, Zou B, Hanson J, Micci MA, Tiwari G, Becker L, Kaiser M, Xie X(S, Pasricha PJ. Gut-derived factors promote neurogenesis of CNS-neural stem cells and nudge their differentiation to an enteric-like neuronal phenotype. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 301:G644-55. [PMID: 21817062 PMCID: PMC3191554 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00123.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have explored the potential of central nervous system-derived neural stem cells (CNS-NSC) to repopulate the enteric nervous system. However, the exact phenotypic fate of gut-transplanted CNS-NSC has not been characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the gut microenvironment on phenotypic fate of CNS-NSC in vitro. With the use of Transwell culture, differentiation of mouse embryonic CNS-NSC was studied when cocultured without direct contact with mouse intestinal longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparations (LM-MP) compared with control noncocultured cells, in a differentiating medium. Differentiated cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR to assess the expression of specific markers and by whole cell patch-clamp studies for functional characterization of their phenotype. We found that LM-MP cocultured cells had a significant increase in the numbers of cells that were immune reactive against the panneuronal marker β-tubulin, neurotransmitters neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and showed an increase in expression of these genes, compared with control cells. Whole cell patch-clamp analysis showed that coculture with LM-MP decreases cell excitability and reduces voltage-gated Na(+) currents but significantly enhances A-current and late afterhyperpolarization (AHP) and increases the expression of the four AHP-generating Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channel genes (KCNN), compared with control cells. In a separate experiment, differentiation of LM-MP cocultured CNS-NSC produced a significant increase in the numbers of cells that were immune reactive against the neurotransmitters nNOS, ChAT, and the neuropeptide VIP compared with CNS-NSC differentiated similarly in the presence of neonatal brain tissue. Our results show that the gut microenvironment induces CNS-NSC to produce neurons that share some of the characteristics of classical enteric neurons, further supporting the therapeutic use of these cells for gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Kulkarni
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;
| | - Bende Zou
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; ,2AfaSci Research Laboratory, Redwood City, California;
| | - Jesse Hanson
- 2AfaSci Research Laboratory, Redwood City, California; ,5Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Maria-Adelaide Micci
- 3Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
| | - Gunjan Tiwari
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;
| | - Laren Becker
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;
| | - Martin Kaiser
- 4Department of Computer Science and Microsystems Technology, UAS, Kaiserlautern, Germany; and
| | - Xinmin (Simon) Xie
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; ,2AfaSci Research Laboratory, Redwood City, California;
| | - Pankaj Jay Pasricha
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;
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Li GR, Deng XL. Functional ion channels in stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2011; 3:19-24. [PMID: 21607133 PMCID: PMC3097936 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v3.i3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioelectrical signals generated by ion channels play crucial roles in excitation genesis and impulse conduction in excitable cells as well as in cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in proliferative cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple ion channels are heterogeneously present in different stem cells; however, patterns and phenotypes of ion channels are species- and/or origin-dependent. This editorial review focuses on the recent findings related to the expression of functional ion channels and the roles of these channels in regulation of cell proliferation in stem cells. Additional effort is required in the future to clarify the ion channel expression in different types of stem cells; special attention should be paid to the relationship between ion channels and stem cell proliferation, migration and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Rong Li
- Gui-Rong Li, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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