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Nerve growth factor causes epinephrine release dysfunction by regulating phenotype alterations and the function of adrenal medullary chromaffin cells in mice with allergic rhinitis. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:39. [PMID: 36601769 PMCID: PMC9835056 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is an increased risk factor for the occurrence of bronchial asthma (BA). Nerve growth factor (NGF), in addition to its key role in the development and differentiation of neurons, may also be an important inflammatory factor in AR and BA. However, the pathogenesis of the progression of AR to BA remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of NGF to mediate nasobronchial interactions and explore possible underlying molecular mechanisms. In the present study, an AR mouse model was established and histology of nasal mucosa tissue injury was determined. The level of phenylethanolamine N‑methyl transferase in adrenal medulla was determined by immunofluorescence. Primary adrenal medullary chromaffin cells (AMCCs) were isolated and cultured from the adrenal medulla of mice. The expression levels of synaptophysin (SYP), STAT1, JAK1, p38 and ERK in NGF‑treated and untreated AMCCs were detected by reverse‑transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. The epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) concentrations were measured by ELISA. It was found that the expression of SYP in AMCCs was enhanced in the presence of NGF, whereas, the concentration of EPI decreased significantly under the same conditions. Furthermore, NGF mediated the phenotypic and functional changes of AMCCs, resulting in decreased EPI secretion via JAK1/STAT1, p38 and ERK signaling. In conclusion, these findings could provide novel evidence for the role of NGF in regulating neuroendocrine mechanisms.
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Manti S, Piedimonte G. An overview on the RSV-mediated mechanisms in the onset of non-allergic asthma. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:998296. [PMID: 36204661 PMCID: PMC9530042 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.998296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is recognized as an important risk factor for wheezing and asthma, since it commonly affects babies during lung development. While the role of RSV in the onset of atopic asthma is widely recognized, its impact on the onset of non-atopic asthma, mediated via other and independent causal pathways, has long been also suspected, but the association is less clear. Following RSV infection, the release of local pro-inflammatory molecules, the dysfunction of neural pathways, and the compromised epithelial integrity can become chronic and influence airway development, leading to bronchial hyperreactivity and asthma, regardless of atopic status. After a brief review of the RSV structure and its interaction with the immune system and neuronal pathways, this review summarizes the current evidence about the RSV-mediated pathogenic pathways in predisposing and inducing airway dysfunction and non-allergic asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Manti
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood Gaetano Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piedimonte
- Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Wu X, Zhou X, Hu Y, Liu C, Wang J. Neutralization of nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibits the Th2 response and protects against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Immunol Res 2018; 65:721-728. [PMID: 28258348 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection during the early life is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. RSV infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation in the airways along with the increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF). However, the role of NGF in RSV infection is not clear. In this study, we infected the rat with RSV and treated these animals with anti-NGF neutralization antibody. We found that anti-NGF treatment significantly alleviated the lung inflammation as evidenced by decreased inflammatory infiltration and decreased airway resistance. Importantly, anti-NGF treatment resulted in increased Th1, but decreased Th2 immune responses, and facilitated the viral control in the tissues and blood. Therefore, NGF inhibited Th2 but increased Th1 responses in RSV infection. Pharmacological intervention of NGF signaling during severe RSV infections could prevent or decrease further asthma symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No 152, Aiguo Road, DongHu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No 152, Aiguo Road, DongHu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, No 152, Aiguo Road, DongHu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Rossi GA, Colin AA. Respiratory syncytial virus-Host interaction in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and its impact on respiratory morbidity in later life. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017; 28:320-331. [PMID: 28339145 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children. Large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between RSV infection and subsequent recurrent wheezing and asthma into childhood, thought to be predominantly related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of airway tone rather than to allergic sensitization. These changes appear to be governed by the severity of the first RSV infection in infancy which in term depends on viral characteristics and load, but perhaps as importantly, on the genetic susceptibility and on the constitutional characteristic of the host. A variety of viral and host factors and their interplay modify the efficiency of the response to infection, including viral replication and the magnitude of structural and functional damage to the respiratory structures, and ultimately the extent, severity, and duration of subsequent wheezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni A Rossi
- Pulmonary and Allergy Disease Pediatric Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrew A Colin
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Zhu H, Xin X. Common Dysregulation of Ribosomal Genes Present in Infants with Acute Respiratory Infection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Rhinovirus, and Influenza A. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND PULMONOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/ped.2014.0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, First People's Hospital of Ji'nan City, Jinan, China
| | - Xinxin Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Influence of asthma on sleep disordered breathing in children: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2014; 18:393-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Qin Q, Wang Z, Pan P, Cao Z, Xia Q, Tan H, Hu C. Lung dendritic cells undergo maturation and polarization towards a T helper type 2-stimulating phenotype in a mouse model of asthma: Role of nerve growth factor. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1402-1408. [PMID: 25289030 PMCID: PMC4186495 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and dendritic cells (DCs) have been hypothesized to modulate T cell responses in a mouse model of asthma. However, whether NGF plays a role in regulating the maturation and polarization of lung DCs remains unclear. In the present study, the effect of NGF inhibition on the maturation and phenotype of lung DCs was investigated in a mouse model of asthma. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and subsequently received anti-NGF treatment. At 24 h following the last challenge, airway responsiveness and inflammation were examined. The concentrations of NGF, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 were analyzed. In addition, maturation and CD103 expression in the lung DCs were investigated. Anti-NGF treatment was found to significantly reduce airway hyperreactivity and inflammation in asthmatic mice. In addition, a subdued T helper 2 (Th2) response was observed, characterized by the downregulation of IL-4 and the upregulation of IFN-γ. Furthermore, the expression of the DC surface molecules, CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex class II, as well as the proportion of lung CD103+ DCs, decreased in the OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. The proportion of lung CD103+ DCs also exhibited a positive correlation with the levels of plasma NGF in the mice. These results may provide an explanation for the role of NGF in amplifying the Th2 response in allergic diseases. Therefore, NGF may promote the maturation and polarization towards a Th2-stimulating phenotype of activated DCs, contributing to an amplification of the Th2 response in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwu Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China ; Bronchial Asthma Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zu Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongyi Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China ; Bronchial Asthma Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent respiratory disorder triggered by a variety of inhaled environmental factors, such as allergens, viruses, and pollutants. Asthma is characterized by an elevated activation of the smooth muscle surrounding the airways, as well as a propensity of the airways to narrow excessively in response to a spasmogen (i.e. contractile agonist), a feature called airway hyperresponsiveness. The level of airway smooth muscle (ASM) activation is putatively controlled by mediators released in its vicinity. In asthma, many mediators that affect ASM contractility originate from inflammatory cells that are mobilized into the airways, such as eosinophils. However, mounting evidence indicates that mediators released by remote organs can also influence the level of activation of ASM, as well as its level of responsiveness to spasmogens and relaxant agonists. These remote mediators are transported through circulating blood to act either directly on ASM or indirectly via the nervous system by tuning the level of cholinergic activation of ASM. Indeed, mediators generated from diverse organs, including the adrenals, pancreas, adipose tissue, gonads, heart, intestines, and stomach, affect the contractility of ASM. Together, these results suggest that, apart from a paracrine mode of regulation, ASM is subjected to an endocrine mode of regulation. The results also imply that defects in organs other than the lungs can contribute to asthma symptoms and severity. In this review, I suggest that the endocrine mode of regulation of ASM contractility is overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ynuk Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecUniversité Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 4G5
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Hu CP, Wu XR, Li QG, Sun ZW, Wang AP, Feng JT, Wang J. Proteomic analysis of NGF-induced transdifferentiation of adrenal medullary cells. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:347-54. [PMID: 23695304 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a polypeptide growth factor with specific trophic function in nerve cells and was initially investigated for its role as a key player in the regulation of peripheral innervations. The aim of this study was to examine the NGF-induced transdifferentiation of adrenal medullary cells, and to screen the major candidate differentially expressed proteins involved in the transdifferentiation. NGF was used to treat primary cultures of neonatal calf adrenal medullary cells and the effects of transdifferentiation were determined in association with cellular morphology, ultrastructure and changes in endocrine function. Differentially expressed proteins were screened and identified through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The protein spots showing differential expression were verified by western blot analysis. We observed neurite outgrowth in the adrenal medullary cells treated with NGF under a phase contrast microscope. Ultrastructure analysis revealed that there were rich drumstick-like and villiform processes on the cell membranes and vesicles were formed near the cell membranes. The cytoplasm was rich in mitochondria and the secretion of epinephrine was decreased. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that among the differentially expressed proteins, 48 protein spots showed an upregulated expression and 37 protein spots showed a downregulated expression, and no 'all-or-none' spots with significant differences in expression were found. Fourteen protein spots with an upregulated expression and 6 with a downregulated expression were randomly selected for identification by mass spectrometry. Western blot analysis revealed that ras homologus oncogene (Rho) GDP dissociation inhibitor α (RhoGDIα) protein expression was significantly downregulated and peripherin protein expression was significantly upregulated. In brief, our data demonstrate that NGF can induce the differentiation of adrenal medullary cells into neurons, and that RhoGDIα and peripherin may play important roles in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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