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Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) Using RNA-Seq in Two Breeds of Cashmere Goats. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020331. [PMID: 36833256 PMCID: PMC9956322 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA generated from back-splicing the reactions of linear RNA. It plays an important role in various cellular and biological processes. However, there are few studies about the regulatory effect of circRNAs on cashmere fiber traits in cashmere goats. In this study, the expression profiles of circRNAs in skin tissue were compared between Liaoning cashmere (LC) goats and Ziwuling black (ZB) goats, with a significant difference in cashmere fiber yield, cashmere fiber diameter, and cashmere fiber color, using RNA-seq. A total of 11,613 circRNAs were expressed in the caprine skin tissue, and their type, chromosomal distribution, and length distribution were characterized. A total of 115 up-regulated circRNAs and 146 down-regulated circRNAs in LC goats were screened compared to ZB goats. The authenticity of 10 differentially expressed circRNAs was validated by detecting their expression levels and the head-to-tail splice junction using RT-PCR and DNA sequencing, respectively. The parent genes of differentially expressed circRNA were mainly enriched in some Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathways related to cashmere fiber traits, such as the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of cell promotion, stem cell proliferation, Wnt signaling pathway regulation, epithelial morphogenesis, MAPK signaling pathway, and cell adhesion molecules pathway. Eight differentially expressed circRNAs were further selected to construct a circRNA-miRNA network, and some miRNAs that were previously reported as related to fiber traits were found in the network. This study provides a deep understanding of the roles of circRNAs in the regulation of cashmere fiber traits in cashmere goats and the involvement of differential splicing in phenotypic expression according to breed and region.
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Liu Z, Liu Z, Mu Q, Zhao M, Cai T, Xie Y, Zhao C, Qin Q, Zhang C, Xu X, Lan M, Zhang Y, Su R, Wang Z, Wang R, Wang Z, Li J, Zhao Y. Identification of key pathways and genes that regulate cashmere development in cashmere goats mediated by exogenous melatonin. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:993773. [PMID: 36246326 PMCID: PMC9558121 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.993773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of secondary hair follicles in cashmere goats follows a seasonal cycle. Melatonin can regulate the cycle of cashmere growth. In this study, melatonin was implanted into live cashmere goats. After skin samples were collected, transcriptome sequencing and histological section observation were performed, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify key genes and establish an interaction network. A total of 14 co-expression modules were defined by WGCNA, and combined with previous analysis results, it was found that the blue module was related to the cycle of cashmere growth after melatonin implantation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the first initiation of exogenous melatonin-mediated cashmere development was related mainly to the signaling pathway regulating stem cell pluripotency and to the Hippo, TGF-beta and MAPK signaling pathways. Via combined differential gene expression analyses, 6 hub genes were identified: PDGFRA, WNT5A, PPP2R1A, BMPR2, BMPR1A, and SMAD1. This study provides a foundation for further research on the mechanism by which melatonin regulates cashmere growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China
- Goat Genetics and Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhichen Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qing Mu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Hohhot, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuchun Xie
- Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Cun Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qing Qin
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chongyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingxi Lan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China
- Goat Genetics and Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China
- Goat Genetics and Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Zhao
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3
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Duan C, Zhang L, Gao K, Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Cashmere production, skin characteristics, and mutated genes in crimped cashmere fibre goats. Animal 2022; 16:100565. [PMID: 35714387 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A subpopulation of Yanshan cashmere goats with crimped fibre has emerged in a closed population in recent years, but little is known about differences in cashmere production performance, skin characteristics, and fibre-style-related genes between goats with different cashmere fibre styles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate fibre characteristics, cashmere yield, hair follicle traits, and fibre-style-related genes in cashmere goats with the two cashmere fleece styles-non-crimped and crimped. Based on the cashmere fibre type, 80 six-month-old female Yanshan cashmere goats were used in this study: 40 goats with non-crimped fleece (NCF) and 40 with crimped fleece (CF). The growth performance and cashmere production of the goats were recorded. Skin samples were collected to determine hair follicle traits and gene sequencing. The results indicated that there were no differences in initial live weight, final live weight, average daily feed intake, and average daily gain between the two groups of goats (P > 0.05). The total yield of cashmere and the stretched length of fibre of the CF goats were higher (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) and fibre diameter was lower (P < 0.05) than that of the NCF goats. There were no between-group differences in the density and activity of primary and secondary hair follicles, secondary-to-primary fibre ratio, depth of primary follicles, or epidermal thickness. However, the depth of secondary follicles and dermal thickness were higher (P < 0.05) in NCF goats than in CF goats. There were mutations in the KRT5, KAP8, KRT8, KRT74, KRT34, KRT1, KRT71, KRT6A, KAP6, KRT81, and KRT83 genes, four of which caused amino acid changes. The allele and genotype frequencies of base mutations in the KRT5, KAP8, KRT34, KRT1, KRT6A, KRT81, and KRT83 genes were different in the NCF and CF goats (P < 0.05). The distribution and content of the secondary structure elements and tertiary structures of proteins differed between the wide-type and mutated KRT1 and KRT6A proteins. KRT1, KRT6A, KRT71, and TGFα mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in CF goats than in NCF goats (P < 0.05). It is concluded that cashmere goats that have fleece with crimped fibres produce a greater yield of fleece with finer diameter fibres than those with conventional straight cashmere fibres. These differences in fibre properties may be associated with mutations in the genes coding for KRT1 and KRT6A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Lechao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yunxia Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
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Zhao J, Shen J, Wang Z, Bai M, Fan Y, Zhu Y, Bai W. CircRNA-0100 positively regulates the differentiation of cashmere goat SHF-SCs into hair follicle lineage via sequestering miR-153-3p to heighten the KLF5 expression. Arch Anim Breed 2022; 65:55-67. [PMID: 35252543 PMCID: PMC8889309 DOI: 10.5194/aab-65-55-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have stable structures,
being a covalently closed loop without 5′ and 3′ free ends.
They can function as “miRNA sponges” in regulating the expression of their
target genes. It was thought that circRNAs are involved in the development
of the secondary hair follicle (SHF) in cashmere goats. In our previous
investigation, a new circRNA named circRNA-0100 was identified from the
SHF of cashmere goats, but its function is unknown. In this work, we found
that circRNA-0100 exhibited significantly higher expression at anagen SHF
bulge than its counterpart at telogen in cashmere goats. Based on the use of
both overexpression and siRNA interference assays, our data indicated that
circRNA-0100 promoted the differentiation of cashmere goat SHF stem cells
(SHF-SCs) into hair follicle lineage, which was evaluated by analyzing the
transcriptional level changes of six indicator genes in SHF-SCs of cashmere
goats. Using the RNA pull-down technique, we showed that
circRNA-0100 served as “molecular sponges” of miR-153-3p in SHF-SCs.
Through the use of dual-luciferase reporter assays, our data indicated that
circRNA-0100 positively regulated the transcriptional expression of the KLF5
gene via the miR-153-3p-mediated pathway. Ultimately, we showed that
circRNA-0100 promoted the differentiation of SHF-SCs into hair lineage, which
might be achieved via sequestering miR-153-3p to heighten the KLF5
expression in SHF-SCs of cashmere goats. Our results provide novel
scientific evidence for revealing the potential molecular regulatory
mechanisms on the differentiation of SHF-SCs into hair lineage in cashmere
goats.
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Hu S, Li C, Wu D, Huo H, Bai H, Wu J. The Dynamic Change of Gene-Regulated Networks in Cashmere Goat Skin with Seasonal Variation. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:527-542. [PMID: 34304316 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Cashmere goat (Capra hircus) is renowned for its high-quality fiber production trait. The hair cycle in Cashmere goat has an annual rhythm. To deepen the understanding of the molecular foundation of annual rhythm in the skin of Cashmere goat, we did a comparative analysis of the Cashmere goat skin transcriptome all year round. 4002 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with seasonal variations. 12 months transcriptome were divided into four developmental stages: Jan-Mar, Apr-Jul, Aug-Oct, and Nov-Dec based on gene expression patterns. 13 modules of highly correlated genes in skin were identified using WGCNA. Ten of these modules were consistent with the development stages. The gene function of those genes in each module was analyzed by functional enrichment. The results indicated that Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways were inhibited from January to March and activated from April to July. The cutaneous immune system of Cashmere goats has high activity from August to October. Fatty acid metabolism dominates goat skin from November to December. This study provides new information related to the annual skin development cycle, which could provide molecular biological significance for understanding the seasonal development and response to the annual rhythm of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sile Hu
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering and Technical Research Center for Personalized Medicine, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Institute of Resource Biology and Ecology, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Dubala Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Hongyan Huo
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Haihua Bai
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering and Technical Research Center for Personalized Medicine, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Institute of Resource Biology and Ecology, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Jianghong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010031, China.
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6
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Zhang W, Wang N, Zhang T, Wang M, Ge W, Wang X. Roles of Melatonin in Goat Hair Follicle Stem Cell Proliferation and Pluripotency Through Regulating the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686805. [PMID: 34150780 PMCID: PMC8212062 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies show that melatonin promotes cashmere development through hypodermic implantation. However, the impact and underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. In vitro study has previously demonstrated that melatonin induces cashmere growth by regulating the proliferation of goat secondary hair follicle stem cells (gsHFSCs), but there is limited information concerning the effects of melatonin on cell pluripotency. It is also known that Wnt signaling may actively participate in regulating cell proliferation and stem cell pluripotency. Therefore, in the current investigation, goat hair follicle stem cells were exposed to multiple concentrations of melatonin and different culture times to reveal the relationship between melatonin and the activation of Wnt signaling. A proportionally high Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) response was induced by 500 ng/L of melatonin, but it was then suppressed with the dosages over 1,000 ng/L. Greater amounts of CTNNB1 entered the cell nuclei by extending the exposure time to 72 h, which activated transcription factor 4/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 and promoted the expression of the proliferation-related genes C-MYC, C-JUN, and CYCLIND1. Moreover, nuclear receptor ROR-alpha (RORα) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) were employed to analyze the underlying mechanism. RORα presented a sluggish concentration/time-dependent rise, but BMP4 was increased dramatically by melatonin exposure, which revealed that melatonin might participate in regulating the pluripotency of hair follicle stem cells. Interestingly, NOGGIN, which is a BMP antagonist and highly relevant to cell stemness, was also stimulated by melatonin. These findings demonstrated that melatonin exposure and/or NOGGIN overexpression in hair follicle stem cells might promote the expression of pluripotency markers Homeobox protein NANOG, Organic cation/carnitine transporter 4, and Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34. Our findings here provided a comprehensive view of Wnt signaling in melatonin stimulated cells and melatonin mediated stemness of gsHFSCs by regulating NOGGIN, which demonstrates a regulatory mechanism of melatonin enhancement on the growth of cashmere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Niu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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7
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Jiao Q, Wang YR, Zhao JY, Wang ZY, Guo D, Bai WL. Identification and molecular analysis of cashmere goat lncRNAs reveal their integrated regulatory network and potential roles in secondary hair follicle. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:719-732. [PMID: 32233965 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1747477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is a class of eukaryotic transcripts with length of more than 200 bp. They contribute to the regulation of gene expressions involved in multiple processes including the skin cell proliferation, differentiation, and reconstruction of the secondary hair follicles (SHFs). In this study, firstly, we identified 16 putative lncRNAs from SHFs of cashmere goat based on the EST sequences from NCBI database. Secondly, we investigated their transcriptional pattern in SHFs of cashmere goat, and constructed their ceRNA regulatory networks. The RT-qPCR results showed four lncRNAs (lncRNA-475074, -052149, -052140, and -051789) were significantly up-regulated, and nine lncRNAs (lncRNA-711032, -475083, -475070, -052139, -052127, -052037, -051903, -051847, and -051804) were significantly down-regulatd in anagen SHFs of cashmere goat. CeRNA networks analysis revealed complex interactional relationship among lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Further, the KEGG pathway enrichment was performed for the potential target genes of the identified lncRNAs based on bioinformatics technique, and the results indicated that differentially expressed lncRNAs directly or indirectly might regulate potential target genes. Our results from this study will provide a significant information for further exploring the functions and possible mechanisms of the identified lncRNAs in SHFs of cashmere goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yan R Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Y Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ze Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Dan Guo
- Academy of Animal Husbandry Science of Liaoning Province, Liaoyang, P.R. China
| | - Wen L Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Wang X, Cai B, Zhou J, Zhu H, Niu Y, Ma B, Yu H, Lei A, Yan H, Shen Q, Shi L, Zhao X, Hua J, Huang X, Qu L, Chen Y. Disruption of FGF5 in Cashmere Goats Using CRISPR/Cas9 Results in More Secondary Hair Follicles and Longer Fibers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164640. [PMID: 27755602 PMCID: PMC5068700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision genetic engineering accelerates the genetic improvement of livestock for agriculture and biomedicine. We have recently reported our success in producing gene-modified goats using the CRISPR/Cas9 system through microinjection of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNAs targeting the MSTN and FGF5 genes in goat embryos. By investigating the influence of gene modification on the phenotypes of Cas9-mediated goats, we herein demonstrate that the utility of this approach involving the disruption of FGF5 results in increased number of second hair follicles and enhanced fiber length in Cas9-mediated goats, suggesting more cashmere will be produced. The effects of genome modifications were characterized using H&E and immunohistochemistry staining, quantitative PCR, and western blotting techniques. These results indicated that the gene modifications induced by the disruption of FGF5 had occurred at the morphological and genetic levels. We further show that the knockout alleles were likely capable of germline transmission, which is essential for goat population expansion. These results provide sufficient evidences of the merit of using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach for the generation of gene-modified goats displaying the corresponding mutant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiankui Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210061, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haijing Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin 719000, China
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Yiyuan Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Baohua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Honghao Yu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin 719000, China
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Anmin Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hailong Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin 719000, China
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Qiaoyan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin 719000, China
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Xiaoe Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xingxu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210061, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (LQ); (XH)
| | - Lei Qu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin 719000, China
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (LQ); (XH)
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (LQ); (XH)
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