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Zhang X, Wang C, He Y, Xing J, He Y, Huo X, Fu R, Lu X, Liu X, Lv J, Du X, Chen Z, Li C. Establishment of Noninvasive Methods for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Mongolian Gerbils and Application of Main Laboratory Gerbil Populations in China. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:6036457. [PMID: 35392259 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6036457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Identifying Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori, Hp) infection in animals before and after artificial infection influences the subsequent experiment. We established effective and noninvasive detection methods, including the gastric fluid nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and the 13C-urea breath test, which can detect Hp before modeling Hp infection in Mongolian gerbils. We designed a gas collection equipment for gerbils. Hp nested PCR was also performed on gastric fluid, gastric mucosa, duodenal contents, and faeces of gerbils challenged with Hp. Conventional Hp detection methods, including rapid urease assay and immunohistochemistry, were compared. Moreover, we assessed the natural infection of Hp in 135 gerbils that had never been exposed to Hp artificially from the major laboratory gerbil groups in China. In 10 Hp infected gerbils, the positive detection results were 100%, 100%, 90%, and 10% in gastric fluid, gastric mucosa, duodenal contents, and faeces with nested PCR, respectively. A rapid urease test performed on gastric mucosa showed that all animals were infected with Hp. Immunohistochemical detection and bacteria culture of gastric mucosa samples that were positive by the nested PCR method also confirmed the presence of Hp. 9% (3/35) and 6% (2/31) natural infection rates were found in conventional gerbil groups from the Capital Medical University and Zhejiang Laboratory Animal Center. In conclusion, we established two noninvasive Hp detection methods that can be performed before modelingHp infection, including the gastric fluid nested PCR method and the 13C-urea breath test.
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Zhang X, He Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Liu X, Cui A, Gong Y, Lu J, Liu X, Huo X, Lv J, Guo M, Du X, Han L, Chen H, Chen J, Li C, Chen Z. Development of Microsatellite Marker System to Determine the Genetic Diversity of Experimental Chicken, Duck, Goose, and Pigeon Populations. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:8851888. [PMID: 33511214 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8851888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poultries including chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons are widely used in the biological and medical research in many aspects. The genetic quality of experimental poultries directly affects the results of the research. In this study, following electrophoresis analysis and short tandem repeat (STR) scanning, we screened out the microsatellite loci for determining the genetic characteristics of Chinese experimental chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons. The panels of loci selected in our research provide a good choice for genetic monitoring of the population genetic diversity of Chinese native experimental chickens, ducks, geese, and ducks.
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Liu X, Yu X, Xu Y, Du X, Huo X, Li C, Lv J, Guo M, Lu J, Chen Z. Development of an effective microsatellite marker system to determine the genetic structure of Meriones meridianus populations. Exp Anim 2020; 69:224-232. [PMID: 32062628 PMCID: PMC7220706 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic quality of the gerbil, Meriones meridianus,
plays an important role in the study of medical biology. However, no effective system has
been established for evaluating a population’s genetic diversity to date. In the present
study, we established a set of reasonable evaluative systems based on microsatellite
markers of the Mongolian gerbil by using the method of cross-amplification of species.
Following electrophoresis analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) scanning, and sequencing, 11
microsatellite loci were identified by matching the criteria characteristics and were used
to evaluate the genetic diversity of two stocks of Meriones meridianus: Meriones
meridianus jei Wang, 1964 (M. m. jei) and Meriones
meridianus cryptorhinus Blanford, 1875 (M. m. cryptorhinus)
from Xinjiang, China. The microsatellite loci screened were highly polymorphic and were
suitable for genetic quality control of Meriones meridianus. In addition,
the quality of the non-bred M. m. jei and M. m.
cryptorhinus strains in our study is sufficient for them to be promising stocks
in the future for the farmed animal industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyi Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Yimei Xu
- Center for Laboratory Animal Research of Xinjiang, Center for Disease Control of Xinjiang, No. 138, Jianquan Yi Jie, Tianshan District, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Jianyi Lv
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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Ahmadpour M, Moradi HV, Rezaei HR, Oshaghi MA, Hapeman P, Hosseinzadeh Colagar A. Genetic diversity and structure of the Great Gerbil,Rhombomys opimus, in Iran (Mammalia: Rodentia). Zoology in the Middle East 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2020.1711625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ahmadpour
- Research Center for the Caspian Region, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hossein Varasteh Moradi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rezaei
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Oshaghi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul Hapeman
- Department of Biology, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, USA
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Abstract
Nonmodel rodents are widely used as subjects for both basic and applied biological research, but the genetic diversity of the study individuals is rarely quantified. University-housed colonies tend to be small and subject to founder effects and genetic drift; so they may be highly inbred or show substantial genetic divergence from other colonies, even those derived from the same source. Disregard for the levels of genetic diversity in an animal colony may result in a failure to replicate results if a different colony is used to repeat an experiment, as different colonies may have fixed alternative variants. Here we use high throughput sequencing to demonstrate genetic divergence in three isolated colonies of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) even though they were all established recently from the same source. We also show that genetic diversity in allegedly "outbred" colonies of nonmodel rodents (gerbils, hamsters, house mice, deer mice, and rats) varies considerably from nearly no segregating diversity to very high levels of polymorphism. We conclude that genetic divergence in isolated colonies may play an important role in the "replication crisis." In a more positive light, divergent rodent colonies represent an opportunity to leverage genetically distinct individuals in genetic crossing experiments. In sum, awareness of the genetic diversity of an animal colony is paramount as it allows researchers to properly replicate experiments and also to capitalize on other genetically distinct individuals to explore the genetic basis of a trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Brekke
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A Steele
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - John F Mulley
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom
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Du X, Wang D, Li Y, Huo X, Li C, Lu J, Wang Y, Guo M, Chen Z. Newly breeding an inbred strain of ischemia-prone Mongolian gerbils and its reproduction and genetic characteristics. Exp Anim 2017; 67:83-90. [PMID: 29046492 PMCID: PMC5814317 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.17-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mongolian gerbil has been a useful laboratory animal in many research fields,
especially in ischemia studies. However, due to the variation of the circle of Willis
(COW), the ischemic model is unstable and various. To solve this problem, we newly
established an inbred strain of gerbils, restricting breeding and keeping to
F23. The data on the breeding and growth of the animals are described in the
present study. The genetic characteristics of F4 to F20 detected by
microsatellite DNA and biochemical markers are also shown here. The results demonstrated
that the frequency of ischemic model by unilateral carotid occlusion and the frequency of
incomplete COW increased, increasing from 50% and 75% in F1 to 88.89% and 100%
in F20, respectively. The ratios of consistent patterns of COW in parents were
positively related with the number of inbred generations. A reproductive performance
analysis indicated that the average size of litters in the inbred gerbils was less than
that of outbred gerbils and that adult body weight was also lower in inbred gerbils; also,
the pups in the 2nd litter were the best ones chosen to reproduce. The genetic detection
results indicated that 26 out of 28 microsatellite loci and all 26 biochemical markers
were homozygous in F20, showing comparably identical genetic composition in
inbred gerbils. All the data demonstrated that an inbred strain of ischemia-prone gerbil
has been established successfully. This strain can be used in stroke research and can
largely reduce the number of animals needed in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Animal, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Institute of Jingfeng Medical Laboratory Animals, No. 20 Dongdajie, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Jingfeng Medical Laboratory Animals, No. 20 Dongdajie, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, P.R. China.,Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888 Xin Cheng Da Jie, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Animal, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Meng Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Animal, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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