Association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 rs3918242 polymorphism and development of coronary artery disease in a Chinese population

MMP9 Gene Polymorphism (rs3918242) Increases the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) C(-1562)T gene polymorphism has been considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our study aimed to evaluate the association between this polymorphism and CVD in diabetes patients. The genotyping was performed in 740 patients with T2DM and 400 healthy subjects. A significant difference in the polymorphism distribution was revealed between patients and controls. The T allele and TT homozygote were associated with increased risk of diabetes (OR 1.88, p < 0.0001 and OR 3.77, p = 0.0002, respectively). The comparison between CVD+ and CVD- subgroups showed a much higher frequency of the T allele in patients with CVD (OR 2.87, 95% CI 2.14-3.85, p < 0.0001). Patients with the TT genotype had a higher prevalence of CVD (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.55-6.56, p = 0.0015). The carrier genotypes (CT/TT) were correlated with HDL levels in both CVD+ and CVD- subgroups (p < 0.001 for both). In the logistic regression analysis, only C(-1562)T SNP was a significant predictor of CVD in diabetic patients (p < 0.001). In conclusion, our study suggests an association between MMP-9 C(-1562)T polymorphism and an increased risk of CVD in T2DM. If replicated in other studies, it could be considered a genetic marker for predicting risk of T2DM and its cardiovascular comorbidity.

IL-6: An endogenous activator of MMP-9 in preterm birth

Preterm birth or PTB (<37 weeks) is a heterogeneous phenotype with numerous biological pathways. The lack of explanation due to complex pathways, inconsistent observations indicates the need for employing the role of genetic determinants to anticipate the danger of PTB. In this present study, we investigated the possible gene-gene interaction of five SNPs with PTB and its association with total MMP-9 levels. A total of 510 recruitments (250 terms and preterm each) were made and were genotyped by Restriction Fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Generalized Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (GMDR) method was carried out for determining gene-gene interaction. ANOVA and t-test were used to identify the association of IL-6 polymorphism with PTB alone and correspondingly with PTB and low birth weight infants (i.e. < 2500 kg). The combination of IL-6 and MMP-9 and MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-9 polymorphism was selected through GMDR analysis concerning mothers with preterm and term birth (accuracy 0.5921 and 0.8030 with Cross-Validation Consistency (CVC) 10/10 respectively). Increased expression of MMP-9 was reported in cases in those mothers carrying IL-6 G allele, which was profoundly associated with PTB independently. IL-6 polymorphisms showed synergistic effects in terms of increased total MMP-9 levels in the present study.

The association between Matrix Metallo-proteinases-9 (MMP-9) gene family polymorphisms and risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 (C1562T), MMP-9 (R279Q), MMP-9 (P574R) and MMP-9 (R668Q) polymorphisms and risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).

Methods

After a systematic literature search, pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the strength of the association.

Results

We identified 40 studies with 11,792 cases and 8280 controls for C1562T, 7 case-control studies with 5525 cases and 2497 controls for R279Q, 2 studies with 1272 cases and 785 controls for P574R, and 2 studies with 1272 cases and 785 controls for R668Q. MMP-9 (C1562T) polymorphism was associated with increased risk of CAD under dominant model (OR = 1.41, P < 0.001), recessive model (OR = 1.59, P < 0.001), allelic model (OR = 1.38, P < 0.001), TT vs. CC model (OR = 1.70, P < 0.001), and CT vs. CC model (OR = 1.35, P < 0.001). Moreover, the subgroup analysis based on the continent of the study populations in this SNP indicated strong significant association in Asians but not in Europeans. Subgroup analysis was not performed in Africa, America and Oceania, due to lack of sufficient data.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis revealed that MMP-9 (C1562T) SNP conferred a susceptibility risk for CAD in the overall analysis and Asian population. The overall analysis and subgroup analysis of the other three SNPs reject the association between MMP-9 polymorphisms and the risk of CAD. Although the results should interpret with caution because of small sample size of included studies in these three SNPs.

The association of polymorphisms in promoter region of MMP2 and MMP9 with recurrent spontaneous abortion risk in Chinese population

This study aimed to reveal the genetic association between polymorphisms in promoter region of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Chinese population.A total of 129 RSA patients and 116 relative controls were selected and the genotyping of polymorphism was conducted by polymerase chain reaction with sequencing. Genotype distribution of polymorphism in the control group was tested the status of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and then, genotype frequencies were compared between the case and control groups by chi-squared test. Odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was computed to express the risk of RSA caused by polymorphism. Moreover, the linkage disequilibrium of polymorphisms in MMP2 was analyzed by Haploview software.CT genotype and T allele of rs243865 in MMP2 were significantly associated with the increased susceptibility to RSA in Chinese population (CT vs. CC: OR = 1.926, 95% CI = 1.101-3.368; T vs. C: OR = 1.751, 95% CI = 1.146-2.676). Similarly, CT genotype carriers of rs3918242 in MMP9 were obviously more in RSA patients than that of the controls (P = .037), which indicated it was associated with the risk of RSA occurrence (OR = 1.760, 95% CI = 1.034-2.995). So was T allele in RSA development (OR = 1.595, 95% CI = 1.061-2.398). Haplotypes C-T and T-C were also the risk factors of RSA (OR = 1.673, 95% CI = 1.103-2.536; OR = 2.171, 95% CI = 1.372-2.436).MMP2 rs243865 and MMP9 rs3918242 polymorphisms are significantly associated with the risk of RSA in Chinese population.