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Schizas D, Charalampakis N, Kole C, Mylonas KS, Katsaros I, Zhao M, Ajani JA, Psyrri A, Karamouzis MV, Liakakos T. Immunotherapy for esophageal cancer: a 2019 update. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:203-218. [PMID: 32208794 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer remains a global health concern with a dismal prognosis and an estimated 5-year survival rate of approximately 10-15%. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment approach representing an effective and promising option against several types of cancer. The development of new and efficacious immunotherapeutic strategies, such as adoptive cell therapy-based, antibody-based and vaccine-based therapies, aims to prevent immunological escape and modify immunological responses. In this review, we discuss the theoretical background and current status of immunotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer. We also present ongoing clinical trials and summarize key findings concerning survival and safety analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christo Kole
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S Mylonas
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Katsaros
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Meina Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amanda Psyrri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodore Liakakos
- First Department of Surgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Maimaitiyiming Y, Hong DF, Yang C, Naranmandura H. Novel insights into the role of aptamers in the fight against cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:797-810. [PMID: 30830295 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aptamers are a class of single-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) oligonucleotides that are screened in vitro by a technique called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). They have stable three-dimensional structures that can bind to various targets with high affinity and specificity. Due to distinct properties such as easy synthesis, high stability, small size, low toxicity and immunogenicity, they have been largely studied as anticancer agents/tools. Consequently, aptamers are starting to play important roles in disease prevention, diagnosis and therapy. This review focuses on studies that evaluated the effect of aptamers on various aspects of cancer therapy. It also provides novel and unique insights into the role of aptamers on the fight against cancer. METHODS We reviewed literatures about the role of aptamers against cancer from PUBMED databases in this article. RESULTS Here, we summarized the role of aptamers on the fight against cancer in a unique point of view. Meanwhile, we presented novel ideas such as aptamer-pool-drug conjugates for the treatment of refractory cancers. CONCLUSIONS Aptamers and antibodies should form a "coalition" against cancers to maximize their advantages and minimize disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - De Fei Hong
- The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Naranmandura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Thar Min AK, Okayama H, Saito M, Ashizawa M, Aoto K, Nakajima T, Saito K, Hayase S, Sakamoto W, Tada T, Hanayama H, Saze Z, Momma T, Ohki S, Sato Y, Motoyama S, Mimura K, Kono K. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-converted tumor cells can induce T-cell apoptosis through upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3321-3330. [PMID: 29855157 PMCID: PMC6051241 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive tumor, and it is urgently needed to develop novel therapeutic strategies including immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the upregulation of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) due to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ESCC using an in vitro treatment system with the EMT inducer, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)‐3 inhibitor, and we also analyzed the correlation of EMT and PD‐L1 expression in the clinical tumor samples of both tissue microarray (TMA) samples (n = 177) and whole tissue samples (n = 21). As a result, the inhibition of GSK‐3β induces EMT phenotype with upregulated vimentin and downregulated E‐cadherin as well as increased Snail and Zinc finger E box‐binding homeobox (ZEB)‐1 gene expression. Simultaneously, we showed that EMT‐converted ESCC indicated the upregulation of PD‐L1 at both protein (total and surface) and mRNA levels. Of importance, we showed that EMT‐converted tumor cells have a capability to induce T‐cell apoptosis to a greater extent in comparison to original epithelial type tumor cells. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical stains of ESCC showed that PD‐L1 expression on tumor cells was positively correlated with EMT status in TMA samples (P = .0004) and whole tissue samples (P = .0029). In conclusion, our in vitro and in vivo study clearly demonstrated that PD‐L1 expression was upregulated in mesenchymal type tumors of ESCC. These findings provide a strong rationale for the clinical use of anti‐PD‐1/anti‐PD‐L1 monoclonal antibodies for advanced ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aung Kyi Thar Min
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mai Ashizawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Keita Aoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Katsuharu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Suguru Hayase
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Zenichirou Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Momma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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4
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Cho JH. Immunotherapy for Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: Current Status and Future Obstacles. Immune Netw 2017; 17:378-391. [PMID: 29302251 PMCID: PMC5746608 DOI: 10.4110/in.2017.17.6.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. There are 2 major subtypes of lung cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Studies show that NSCLC is the more prevalent type of lung cancer that accounts for approximately 80%-85% of cases. Although, various treatment methods, such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy have been used to treat lung cancer patients, there is an emergent need to develop more effective approaches to deal with advanced stages of tumors. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a new approach to combat with such tumors. The development and success of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/program death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockades in treating metastatic cancers opens a new pavement for the future research. The current mini review discusses the significance of immune checkpoint inhibitors in promoting the death of tumor cells. Additionally, this review also addresses the importance of tumor-specific antigens (neoantigens) in the development of cancer vaccines and major challenges associated with this therapy. Immunotherapy can be a promising approach to treat NSCLC because it stimulates host's own immune system to recognize cancer cells. Therefore, future research should focus on the development of new methodologies to identify novel checkpoint inhibitors and potential neoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Cho
- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Martin-Liberal J, Ochoa de Olza M, Hierro C, Gros A, Rodon J, Tabernero J. The expanding role of immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 54:74-86. [PMID: 28231560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of agents able to modulate the immune system to induce or potentiate its anti-tumour activity is not a new strategy in oncology. However, the development of new agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors has achieved unprecedented efficacy results in a wide variety of tumours, dramatically changing the landscape of cancer treatment in recent years. Ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab are now standard of care options in several malignancies and new indications are being approved on a regular basis in different tumours. Moreover, there are many other novel immunotherapy strategies that are currently being assessed in clinical trials. Agonists of co-stimulatory signals, adoptive cell therapies, vaccines, virotherapy and others have raised interest as therapeutic options against cancer. In addition, many of these novel approaches are being developed both in monotherapy and as part of combinatory regimes in order to synergize their activity. The results from those studies will help to define the expanding role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment in a forthcoming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Martin-Liberal
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Ochoa de Olza
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Hierro
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alena Gros
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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El-Hussein A, Lam SSK, Raker J, Chen WR, Hamblin MR. N-dihydrogalactochitosan as a potent immune activator for dendritic cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:963-972. [PMID: 28028922 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become one of the fastest growing areas of cancer research. A promising in situ autologous cancer vaccine (inCVAX) uses a novel immune activator, N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC), that possesses the ability to stimulate dendritic cells (DC). inCVAX is a combination treatment procedure involving treatment of the tumor with a thermal near-infrared laser to liberate whole cell tumor antigens, followed by injection of GC (a glucosamine polymer with galactose attached to the amino groups) into the treated tumor thereby inducing a systemic antitumor immune response. Regression of both the treated tumor and distant untreated metastases has been observed in both nonclinical and clinical settings following inCVAX. We studied the stimulatory action of GC on relatively immature DCs (DC2.4 cell line) in vitro. GC at 1 mg/mL was a potent stimulator for DC with limited toxicity, giving increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class 2, CD80, and CD11c. Confocal imaging also revealed qualitatively increased uptake of antigen (Texas red-labeled ovalbumin) by DCs after the introduction of GC. To visualize cellular uptake, GC was conjugated with FITC-fluorophore revealing its cellular internalization after 8 hours. In some cases GC was more effective than the toxic TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 963-972, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Hussein
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.,The National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samuel S K Lam
- Immunophotonics, Inc, 4320 Forest Park Ave, Suite #303, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
| | - Joseph Raker
- Immunophotonics, Inc, 4320 Forest Park Ave, Suite #303, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
| | - Wei R Chen
- University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N University Dr, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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7
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Liu W, Huang B, Kuang Y, Liu G. Molecular dynamics simulations elucidate conformational selection and induced fit mechanisms in the binding of PD-1 and PD-L1. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 13:892-900. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PD-L1 binds PD-1 through a complex mechanism including both the conformational selection and induced fit pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Liu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Division of Birth Cohort Study
| | - Bing Huang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yashu Kuang
- Division of Birth Cohort Study
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou 510623
- China
| | - Guangjian Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou 510623
- China
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8
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Franci G, Manfroni G, Cannalire R, Felicetti T, Tabarrini O, Salvato A, Barreca ML, Altucci L, Cecchetti V. Tumour cell population growth inhibition and cell death induction of functionalized 6-aminoquinolone derivatives. Cell Prolif 2016; 48:705-17. [PMID: 26597381 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A number of previous studies has provided evidence that the well-known anti-bacterial quinolones may have potential as anti-cancer drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential anti-tumour activity and selectivity of a set of 6-aminoquinolones showing some chemical similarity to naphthyridone derivative CX-5461, recently described as innovative anti-cancer agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS In-house quinolones 1-8 and ad hoc synthesized derivatives 9-13 were tested on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and mesenchymal progenitor (MePR2B) cell lines, analysing their effects on the cell cycle and cell death using FACS methodology. Activation of p53 was evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS Benzyl esters 4, 5 and their amide counterparts 12, 13 drastically modulated MCF-7 cell cycles inducing DNA fragmentation and cell death, thus proving to be potential anti-tumour compounds. When assayed in non-tumour MePR2B cells, compounds 4 and 5 were cytotoxic while 12 and 13 had a certain degree of selectivity, with compound 12 emerging as the most promising. Western blot analysis revealed that severe p53-K382ac activation was promoted by benzylester 5. In contrast, amide 12 exerted only a moderate effect which was, however, comparable to that of suberoylanilide hydoxamic acid (SAHA). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results further reinforce evidence that quinolones have potential as anti-cancer agents. Future work will be focused on understanding compound 12 mechanisms of action, and to obtain more potent and selective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Franci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Manfroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - R Cannalire
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - T Felicetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - O Tabarrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Salvato
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - M L Barreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, 80138, Napoli, Italy.,Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica, IGB, 'Adriano Buzzati Traverso' Via P. Castellino, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - V Cecchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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9
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Regan D, Guth A, Coy J, Dow S. Cancer immunotherapy in veterinary medicine: Current options and new developments. Vet J 2015; 207:20-28. [PMID: 26545847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excitement in the field of tumor immunotherapy is being driven by several remarkable breakthroughs in recent years. This review will cover recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, including the use of T cell checkpoint inhibitors, engineered T cells, cancer vaccines, and anti-B cell and T cell antibodies. Inhibition of T cell checkpoint molecules such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 using monoclonal antibodies has achieved notable success against advanced tumors in humans, including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. Therapy with engineered T cells has also demonstrated remarkable tumor control and regression in human trials. Autologous cancer vaccines have recently demonstrated impressive prolongation of disease-free intervals and survival times in dogs with lymphoma. In addition, caninized monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 and CD52 just recently received either full (CD20) or conditional (CD52) licensing by the United States Department of Agriculture for clinical use in the treatment of canine B-cell and T-cell lymphomas, respectively. Thus, immunotherapy for cancer is rapidly moving to the forefront of cancer treatment options in veterinary medicine as well as human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Regan
- Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Amanda Guth
- Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jonathan Coy
- Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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10
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Li X, Peng J, Pang Y, Yu S, Yu X, Chen P, Wang W, Han W, Zhang J, Yin Y, Zhang Y. Identification of a FOXP3(+)CD3(+)CD56(+) population with immunosuppressive function in cancer tissues of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14757. [PMID: 26437631 PMCID: PMC4594002 DOI: 10.1038/srep14757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver resident lymphoid population is featured by the presence of a large number of CD3+CD56+ cells referred as natural T cells. In human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, the natural T cells were found to be sharply decreased in tumor (5.871 ± 3.553%) versus non-tumor (14.02 ± 6.151%) tissues. More intriguingly, a substantial fraction of the natural T cells (22.76 ± 18.61%) assumed FOXP3 expression. These FOXP3-expressing CD3+CD56+ cells lost the expression of IFN-γ and perforin, which are critical for the effector function of natural T cells. On the other hand, they acquired surface expression of CD25 and CTLA-4 typically found in regulatory T (Treg) cells. Consistent with the phenotypic conversion, they imposed an inhibitory effect on anti-CD3-induced proliferation of naive T cells. Further studies demonstrated that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) could effectively induce FOXP3 expression in CD3+CD56+ cells and the cells were thus endowed with a potent immunosuppressive capacity. Finally, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the relative abundance of FOXP3-expressing CD3+CD56+ cells in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with the survival of HCC patients. In conclusion, the present study identified a new type of regulatory immune cells whose emergence in liver cancer tissues may contribute to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jirun Peng
- Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yanli Pang
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sen Yu
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Pengcheng Chen
- Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenzhen Wang
- Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Yin
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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11
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Lombardi VC, Khaiboullina SF, Rizvanov AA. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, a role in neoplastic prevention and progression. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45 Suppl 1:1-8. [PMID: 25524580 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are multifunctional bone-marrow-derived immune cells that are key players in bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. Activation of pDCs through toll-like receptor agonists has proven to be an effective treatment for some neoplastic disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this mini-review, we will explore the fascinating contribution of pDCs to neoplastic pathology and discuss their potential utilization in cancer immunotherapy. RESULTS Current research suggests that pDCs have cytotoxic potential and can effectively induce apoptosis of tumour-derived cells lines. They are also reported to display tolerogenic function with the ability to suppress T-cell proliferation, analogous to regulatory T cells. In this capacity, they are critical in the suppression of autoimmunity but can be exploited by tumour cells to circumvent the expansion of tumour-specific T cells, thereby allowing tumours to persist. CONCLUSION Several forms of skin cancer are successfully treated with the topical drug Imiquimod, which activates pDCs through toll-like receptor 7 engagement. Additionally, pDC-based anticancer vaccines have shown encouraging results for the treatment of melanoma in early trials. Future studies regarding the contributions of pDCs to malignancy will likely afford many opportunities for immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA; Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
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