High-mobility group box protein-1 induces acute pancreatitis through activation of neutrophil extracellular trap and subsequent production of IL-1β.
Life Sci 2021;
286:119231. [PMID:
33600865 DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119231]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to evaluate acute pancreatitis (AP)-associated NET activation mediated by a novel inflammatory mediator (high-mobility group box protein-1 [HMGB1]) and proinflammatory cytokine responses.
METHODS
In this study, primary neutrophils, monocytes, and monocytic cell line Thp-1-derived macrophages were isolated and treated with HMGB1, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and ATP + ATP inhibitor. The effects of HMGB1, ATP, and deoxyribonuclease (DNAse) were then examined for their in vivo effects using a newly established AP mouse model.
RESULTS
The mRNA and protein levels of inflammasome and interleukin IL-1β in cells, blood, and pancreatic tissues were examined. Within-cell nuclear DNA signal, cell-free DNA concentration, and pancreatic tissue damage were investigated. Our study showed that HMGB1 triggers NET formation in neutrophils and promotes the activation of inflammasome complexes (the NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3, and NLRP3; ASC; and caspase-1); therefore, the production of IL-1β is induced in human monocytes/macrophages. HMGB1 and NET cooperatively stimulate IL-1β processing in macrophages. Furthermore, the AP mouse model confirmed these HMGB1-mediated molecular mechanisms in vivo and indicated that HMGB1 is required for NET activation.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that NET inhibition reverses HMGB1-stimulated inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. HMGB1 thus leads to pancreatic injury through the activation of NET and subsequently induces IL-1β processing from neutrophils to pancreatic tissues. These findings demonstrate that HMGB1 and NET are new therapeutic targets for inflammation suppression in severe AP.
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