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Grazioli G, Hardan L, Bourgi R, Nakanishi L, Amm E, Zarow M, Jakubowicz N, Proc P, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Residual Adhesive Removal Methods for Rebonding of Debonded Orthodontic Metal Brackets: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206120. [PMID: 34683722 PMCID: PMC8537998 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Debonding of orthodontic brackets is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, the best option for treating debonded brackets should be indicated. This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of rebonded brackets after different residual adhesive removal methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, and BVS databases were screened up to December 2020. Bond strength comparisons were made considering the method used for removing the residual adhesive on the bracket base. A total of 12 studies were included for the meta-analysis. Four different adhesive removal methods were identified: sandblasting, laser, mechanical grinding, and direct flame. When compared with new orthodontic metallic brackets, bond strength of debonded brackets after air abrasion (p = 0.006), mechanical grinding (p = 0.007), and direct flame (p < 0.001) was significantly lower. The use of an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser showed similar shear bond strength (SBS) values when compared with those of new orthodontic brackets (p = 0.71). The Er:YAG laser could be considered an optimal method for promoting the bond of debonded orthodontic brackets. Direct flame, mechanical grinding, or sandblasting are also suitable, obtaining clinically acceptable bond strength values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Grazioli
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República. Av. General Las Heras 1925, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay;
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Leina Nakanishi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas 96015560, Brazil;
| | - Elie Amm
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Maciej Zarow
- “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre—pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Natalia Jakubowicz
- “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre—pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Patrycja Proc
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (M.L.-S.); Tel.: +48-42-675-74-61 (M.L.-S.)
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (M.L.-S.); Tel.: +48-42-675-74-61 (M.L.-S.)
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