Occupation-Based Intervention for Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review

A participação social como um caminho possível para a justiça social e ocupacional

Resumo Introdução Justiça social, justiça ocupacional e participação social são termos utilizados por terapeutas ocupacionais e cientistas ocupacionais para nortear, construir e informar suas práticas, formação profissional, pesquisas e produções teóricas. Objetivo Identificar e refletir sobre as possibilidades, limites e desafios da prática de terapeutas ocupacionais brasileiras na busca pela participação social e como isso pode ou não contribuir para construção da justiça social e ocupacional. Método Por meio de uma metodologia colaborativa, terapeutas ocupacionais docentes e da assistência, atuantes no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, foram convidadas a responderem um questionário. Com esse instrumento, buscou-se caracterizar as colaboradoras, conhecer o trabalho desenvolvido nos contextos de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e assistência e identificar como discutem e realizam a participação social nos campos teórico e prático. Resultados As 65 colaboradoras estavam inseridas em instituições públicas, privadas e filantrópicas, em diferentes campos de saber e de prática, e desenvolviam trabalhos e estudos com/para várias populações com demandas e necessidades específicas. Elas descreveram distintas possibilidades de participação social, algumas de natureza individual, focada no sujeito e na funcionalidade e outras orientadas para e com base no coletivo. Os limites e desafios estiveram relacionados às instituições de trabalho, aos aspectos individuais, coletivos e estruturais e ao próprio núcleo de saber e de prática da terapia ocupacional. Conclusão Com embasamento nas experiências das colaboradoras e na compreensão das profissionais sobre participação social, considera-se que esse pode ser um caminho teórico-conceitual e prático para refletir e buscar justiça social e ocupacional junto a indivíduos, grupos e comunidades.

Social participation as a possible way forward for social and occupational justice

Abstract Introduction Social justice, occupational justice, and social participation are terms used by occupational therapists and occupational scientists to guide, build, and inform their practices, professional training, research, and theoretical productions. Objective To identify and reflect on the possibilities, limits, and challenges of Brazilian occupational therapists' practice in the search for social participation and how this may or may not contribute to the construction of social and occupational justice. Method Through a collaborative methodology, academics, and assistance occupational therapists, working in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were invited to answer a questionnaire. This instrument characterized the collaborators, and their work in teaching, research, and assistance, and identified how they discuss and carry out social participation in the theoretical and practical fields. Results The 65 collaborators were inserted in public, private and philanthropic institutions, in different fields of knowledge and practice, and developed work and studies with/for various populations with specific demands and needs. They described different possibilities of social participation, some of an individual nature, focused on the subject and functionality, and others oriented towards and from the collective. The limits and challenges were related to work institutions, individual, collective, and structural aspects, and the field of knowledge and practice of occupational therapy. Conclusion Based on the experiences of the collaborators and the professionals' understanding of social participation, it is considered that this may be a theoretical, conceptual, and practical path to reflect on and seek occupational and social justice with individuals, groups, and communities.

[M.P. Mussorgsky: interrelation of creativity and alcoholism]

The article is devoted to the study of the circumstances of life, illness and creativity of the famous composer Modest Mussorgsky in aspects of possible influence of alcohol intake. For the purpose of retrospective diagnosis of alcohol dependence, and also for assessing the possibility of its impact on the composer's creativity, a pathographic analysis of publications about Modest Mussorgsky health throughout his life was carried out. A study of the letters of M.P. Mussorgsky, the memoirs of his contemporaries, the works of the composer's biographers, as well as the analytical studies of specialists in retrospective diagnostics showed that alcohol dependence negatively affected his creative activity. However, despite the progressive, clearly malignant course of alcohol dependence, the composer's professional skills evolved until the last days of his life. It is no less significant that in the most unfavorable periods of life, the composer wrote his most significant works. Often, Mussorgsky's music in its positive emotional content contrasts sharply with the grim realities of his life. There is no doubt that the composer's work was his only effective means of combating both alcohol addiction and life's hardships.