The national occupational therapy practice analysis: findings and implications for competence

Pilot implementation of allied health assistant roles within publicly funded health services in Queensland, Australia: results of a workplace audit

Background

Allied health assistants provide delegated support for physical therapists, occupational therapists and other allied health professionals. Unfortunately the role statements, scope of practice and career pathways of these assistant positions are often unclear. To inform the future development of the allied health assistant workforce, a state-wide pilot project was implemented and audited.

Methods

New allied health assistant positions were implemented in numerous settings at three levels (trainee level, full (standard) scope and advanced scope level). Six months after implementation, 41 positions were audited, using a detailed on-site audit process, conducted by multiple audit teams.

Results

Thematically analysed audit findings indicated that both the full (standard) scope and the advanced scope positions were warranted, however the skills of the allied health assistants were not optimally utilised. Contributing factors to this underutilization included the reluctance of professionals to delegate clinical tasks, inconsistencies in role descriptions, limitations in training, and the time frame taken to reach an effective skill level.

Conclusions

Optimal utilisation of assistants is unlikely to occur while professionals withhold delegation of tasks related to direct patient care. Formal clinical supervision arrangements and training plans should be established in order to address the concerns of professionals and accelerate full utilisation of assistants. Further work is necessary to identify the key components and distinguish key features of an advanced allied health assistant role.

The use of theory by occupational therapists working with adults with developmental disabilities

This paper reports a national survey conducted to explore the practitioners' use of theoretical models to guide their practice of occupational therapy with adults with mental retardation. Results from 145 returned surveys (54%) indicated that only 26% of the respondents considered theory important as a guide for their daily practice. The value placed on theory decreased as years of experience increased. The most frequently used theoretical model was a remedial approach, but the most frequently used intervention was based on a compensational approach.

Educational preparedness for physical therapists and occupational therapists in burn care

The background of physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) students in burn care training may be variable during their professional education. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether professional programs in PT and OT are meeting the burn care educational needs of their students. PTs and OTs currently practicing in burn care were asked to give their opinion of the most important curricular topics related to burn care, report their perception of their own entry-level preparedness for burn care, recount therapy interns preparation for burn care internships, and recommend topics that should be included in a therapy program burn care curriculum. Therapists felt prepared in basic sciences and somewhat prepared in specific burn care practice topics. Study participants felt more prepared for burn practice if they completed an internship in burn care. Enhancing content on burn-related treatment interventions was the most common suggestion for curricular revision.

The 1999-2000 ACC task analysis of nurse-midwifery/midwifery practice: a consideration of the concept of professional issues

The American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) Certification Council periodically conducts a task analysis study as evidence supporting the content validity of the national certification examination in nurse-midwifery and midwifery. The purpose of this article is to report findings related to the examination of the relationship between professional issues and safe beginning-level midwifery as measured by the 1999-2000 Task Analysis of American Nurse Midwifery and Midwifery Practice. Study findings suggest that newly certified midwives place strong emphasis on the importance of tasks related to the ACNM "Hallmarks of Midwifery," which characterize the art and science of the profession: these include tasks dealing with health promotion and cultural competency. The beginning midwives, however, gave consistently low ratings to tasks related to ACNM "Core Competencies" that mirror the professional responsibilities of midwives; these include tasks related to the history of midwifery, research, or health policy. The study has implications for nurse-midwifery/midwifery educators, experienced midwifery mentors, and other persons interested in reinforcing the relevance of these important professional issues to the new midwife.