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Ożga J, Mężyk E, Kmiecik W, Wojciechowski W, Żuber Z. Magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases in the pediatric population. Reumatologia 2024; 62:196-206. [PMID: 39055724 PMCID: PMC11267661 DOI: 10.5114/reum/190262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the musculoskeletal system is an examination increasingly performed for suspected juvenile idiopathic arthritis, chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, as well as other rheumatic diseases of developmental age. T1-, T2- and PD-weighted with or without fat suppression or short tau inversion recovery/turbo inversion recovery magnitude (STIR/TIRM) sequences and post-contrast sequences are evaluated to diagnose pathological changes in the synovial membrane, subchondral bone marrow and surrounding soft tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging allows detection of synovitis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, and enthesitis as well as bone marrow edema and soft tissue edema. Several pediatric-specific MRI scoring systems have been developed and validated to standardize and facilitate the assessment of the extent of the inflammatory process and disease activity in MRI. Early detection of inflammatory changes allows the inclusion of comprehensive pharmacotherapy giving the possibility of permanent remission and objective measurement of the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ożga
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Mężyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kmiecik
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wadim Wojciechowski
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Żuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Nicoara AI, Sas LM, Bita CE, Dinescu SC, Vreju FA. Implementation of artificial intelligence models in magnetic resonance imaging with focus on diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis: narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1280266. [PMID: 38173943 PMCID: PMC10761482 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1280266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is essential to initiate timely interventions, such as medication and lifestyle changes, preventing irreversible joint damage, reducing symptoms, and improving long-term outcomes for patients. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the wrist and hand, in case of RA and MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) in case of axSpA can identify inflammation before it is clinically discernible, this modality may be crucial for early diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, together with machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have quickly evolved in the medical field, having an important role in improving diagnosis, prognosis, in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment and monitoring the activity of rheumatic diseases through MRI. The improvements of AI techniques in the last years regarding imaging interpretation have demonstrated that a computer-based analysis can equal and even exceed the human eye. The studies in the field of AI have investigated how specific algorithms could distinguish between tissues, diagnose rheumatic pathology and grade different signs of early inflammation, all of them being crucial for tracking disease activity. The aim of this paper is to highlight the implementation of AI models in MRI with focus on diagnosis of RA and axSpA through a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena-Mihaela Sas
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Laboratory, Craiova Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Bita
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Stefan Cristian Dinescu
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Florentin Ananu Vreju
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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Giraudo C, Lecouvet FE, Cotten A, Eshed I, Jans L, Jurik AG, Maas M, Weber M, Sudoł-Szopińska I. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in inflammatory diseases: Where are we now? Results of an International Survey by the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology. Eur J Radiol 2021; 136:109533. [PMID: 33454461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the current role of WB-MRI for rheumatic inflammatory diseases in clinical practice using a survey addressed to musculoskeletal radiologists. METHODS A survey composed of 61 questions, subdivided in three sections, demographics (five questions), application of WB-MRI for inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases in adults and children (28 questions: 7 open and 21 multiple choice for each subgroup) was distributed via the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR) from July 2 to December 31, 2018 to radiologists working in academic, private, and public workplaces. Comparisons among the different workplaces were performed using the Chi-squared and the Kruskal-Wallis test for nominal and ordinal data, respectively (p < 0.05). RESULTS Seventy-two participants out of the 1779 (4%) members of the ESSR with 10.4 ± 7.9 years of experience in musculoskeletal imaging, replied to at least one question. 30.6% and 12.3% of the respondents performed at least 50 WB-MRI examinations per year in adults and children, respectively. The most frequent indications were myositis in adults and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) in children, the latter mostly in academic centers (p = 0.013). The ESSR Arthrits Subcommitte's protocol was applied by half of the participants and especially radiologists working in private practice used it for adults (p = 0.025). Contrast medium was rarely used for adults particularly by academics (p = 0.04). Diffusion Weighted Imaging was applied for children mostly in private practice (p = 0.01) although, overall, it plays a marginal role. Scoring systems were rarely used. Ongoing research is limited. CONCLUSION WB-MRI is not routinely applied for musculoskeletal inflammatory diseases. The most frequent indications are myositis and CRMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giraudo
- Radiology Institute, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Frederic E Lecouvet
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Cotten
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Iris Eshed
- Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated with the Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lennart Jans
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Grethe Jurik
- Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mario Maas
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska
- Department of Radiology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
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Zhang H, Xu H, Chen S, Mao X. The application value of MRI in the diagnosis of subclinical inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in remission. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:164. [PMID: 29970124 PMCID: PMC6029344 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the value of MRI in the diagnosis of subclinical inflammation in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in remission and to predict the radiographic progression. Methods A total of 76 of 156 patients with early RA in remission at 1 year and with available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data at baseline and at 12 months were included. Complete clinical and laboratory evaluations were conducted for the patients. MRI images were assessed according to the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring (RAMRIS) system. Progression of bone erosions was defined as an increase of 1 or more units in annual RAMRIS score for erosions compared to baseline. Results At 1 year, the majority of patients with RA in sustained remission showed some inflammatory activity on MRI (43.4% synovitis, 39.5% bone marrow edema (BME), and 9.2% tenosynovitis), and 25 of the 76 patients (32.9%) showed MRI progression of bone erosions. A significant difference was observed in MRI BME and bone erosion at 1 year, with higher mean score in patients with progression compared to non-progression of erosions (BME, 4.8 ± 3.6 vs 3.1 ± 2.1, P = 0.01; bone erosion, 13.5 ± 9.6 vs 4.4 ± 3.6, P < 0.001). Conclusion Persistent subclinical inflammations were shown in patients with sustained remission; BME in MRI may be a strong predictor of future radiographic progression of bone erosions in patients with persistent clinical remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajun Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Huzhou Central Hospital, No. 198 Hongqi Road of Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shifang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Mao
- Department of Radiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Wang J, Mao X, Li Z. Multiple extra-articular synovial cysts accompanied by rheumatoid arthritis in the bilateral elbow joints: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9879. [PMID: 29443754 PMCID: PMC5839867 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Synovial cysts are well known in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and most common in the popliteal fossa. They may produce lots of local symptoms and complaints, which may present initially as an unrelated clinical condition. Few studies have reported multiple extra-articular synovial cysts (MESCs) in the RA patients. Early diagnosis is crucial for patient treatment. PATIENT CONCERNS A 50-year-old man without any special clinical histories found a soya bean size bump at the left elbow medially, then multiple lumps were found at bilateral elbows and gradually increasing. No pain, no activity, no redness, and swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple cystic lesions in the bursa and surrounding soft tissue of bilateral elbow joints. In addition, the elbow joint bursa was swollen and the synovial membrane was significantly thickened. DIAGNOSES The man was diagnosed as RA with multiple extra-articular synovial cysts formation. INTERVENTIONS The patient was performed tylectomy of the right elbow. Other lumps were punctured and injected with compound betamethasone injection. OUTCOMES The bumps were reduced in size and the swelling relieved, and the patient was sent to the department of rheumatology and immunology for further treatment. LESSONS In this case, it is difficult for the diagnosis of RA because of no relative histories and simultaneously multiple cystic lesions in multiple joints. Imaging examinations can show the characteristics of such kind of disease and be very helpful for the diagnosis and differentiate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Junli Wang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Xiongwei Mao
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengang Li
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
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The role of ultrasonography in monitoring long-standing rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. Reumatologia 2017; 55:177-182. [PMID: 29056772 PMCID: PMC5647536 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2017.69781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a condition that poses many diagnostic problems. As a result, it is often diagnosed too late, which makes effective treatment more difficult. The course of the disease is chronic, and it causes irreversible changes in the musculoskeletal system, as well as bone destruction, and this in turn impairs the proper monitoring of the treatment. Therefore, in order to assess the treatment’s efficacy, as well as a clinical examination of the patient and laboratory tests, diagnostic imaging is being used more frequently in routine practice. The aim of this paper is to assess the usefulness of power Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of MCP joints in patients with chronic RA (LSRA), in comparison with DAS28, X-ray, and MRI. Material and methods The study involved 26 patients with LSRA, treated with biologics. It lasted for a year. At the moment of enrolment, the condition had lasted for a minimum of 5 years, and DAS28 was > 5.1. The patients had visits every three months. During every visit, a PDUS test was performed and the DAS28 was determined. In the first and last month of the study the patients underwent X-ray and MRI tests. Results At the end of the study, the DAS28 of 26 (100%) patients was lower or equal to 3.2. Based on PDUS and MRI tests, no synovitis was found in 21 (81%) and 18 (69%) patients, respectively. According to the MRI results, radiological changes progressed in 5 (19%) of them. All patients who showed progress of radiological changes also had visible synovitis during their PDUS test. Conclusions PDUS in patients with LSRA can be helpful in selecting patients, who are likely to develop a progression of radiological changes.
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