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Katebi K, Ghaffarifar S, Dehghani G, Pourabbas A. Exploring the experiences of dentistry students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences of academic motivation: a content analysis study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:245. [PMID: 38448966 PMCID: PMC10918863 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students' academic motivation is crucial to their academic performance, success, and future career performance. Understanding the experiences of students regarding academic motivation can help address this issue. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of dentistry students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences regarding academic motivation. METHODS This qualitative content analysis study collected data through semi-structured individual interviews with open-ended questions. The collected data were then organized into codes, subcategories, categories, and themes. Extensive interviews, meetings, and active engagement with the participants were conducted to ensure the strength of the data collected. RESULTS The results of this study yielded 20 subclasses and 11 classes. These codes, categories, and sub-categories were summarized into seven themes: self-efficacy, outcome expectations, outcome expectancies, emotional coping, self-regulation, situational perception, and environment. CONCLUSION This study showed that various concepts, from personal processes to environmental and social processes, play a role in students' academic motivation. This study's findings can contribute to developing more effective interventions to improve the motivation level of dentistry students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Katebi
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeideh Ghaffarifar
- Medical Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Gholamali Dehghani
- Medical Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Pourabbas
- Medical Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chung EK, Yun H, Yang JH, Shin MH, Han ER. Factors associated with academic performance among medical students at a medical school in South Korea: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296682. [PMID: 38335189 PMCID: PMC10857721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal research has provided systematic empirical data on the short- and long-term outcomes of admissions policies, curricular innovations, and complex decisions on students' academic progress. This study aimed to investigate the academic performance of medical students and related factors using cohort database collected from a medical school. The study participants included 134 medical students who graduated from Chonnam National University Medical School in 2022. The medical school's cohort database was used to collect data on demographics, admission, academic performance, extracurricular activities, and performance on the National Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE). Participating in club activities had a significant association with medical students' academic advancement delay or leave of absence during the entire course of medical school (P = 0.007). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the nationwide clinical knowledge mock examination during the fourth year of medical school was significantly associated with passing the KMLE (adjusted odds ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.22; P = 0.014). Extracurricular school activities (a non-cognitive student attribute) and a wide range of cognitive student attributes captured from the cohort database were associated with medical students' academic performance. In conclusion, this study can reinforce a strong emphasis on the inclusion of cognitive and non-cognitive information in medical school curricula and assessments in order to improve medical education programs and future postgraduate performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Chung
- Department of Medical Education, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Heoncheol Yun
- Institutional Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eui-Ryoung Han
- Department of Medical Education, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim S, Jeong H, Cho H, Yu J. Extracurricular activities in medical education: an integrative literature review. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:278. [PMID: 37087451 PMCID: PMC10122317 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04245-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of extracurricular activities (EAs) has been emphasized in medical education. These activities could enhance medical students' emotional and physical health and afford them developmental opportunities. Despite the growing amount of research related to this theme, few studies review and synthesize the existing literature. This study aims to provide an understanding of the educational implications of EAs in medical colleges and constructs an integrated conceptual framework concerning their types and learning outcomes by literature review. METHODS An integrative literature review was conducted following Torraco's method, with the aim to generate a new framework for the given topic. The authors utilized Scopus and PubMed as databases, using search terms "extracurricular," "medical," and "students." Initially, titles and abstracts were screened to include relevant studies, and the researchers verified the eligibility of the articles by following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 263 articles identified, 64 empirical studies were selected for further review. RESULTS EAs in undergraduate medical education can be classified into direct extracurricular activities and indirect extracurricular activities, the latter of which is sorted into nine sub-categories. We identified seven main categories regarding the learning outcomes of EAs. In addition to general activities (e.g., pro-social activities, team sports), some distinctive activities such as research have been largely addressed in previous studies. The results of EAs were discussed in relation to academic growth, career development, and psychological experiences. CONCLUSIONS This review identified the types and learning outcomes of EAs in the context of medical education, thereby suggesting ways to improve the quality of EAs and maximize their educational effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejin Kim
- Office of Medical Education, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Jeong
- Department of Medical Education, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyena Cho
- Department of Medical Education, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jihye Yu
- Department of Medical Education, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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Leksuwankun S, Dangprapai Y, Wangsaturaka D. Student engagement in organising extracurricular activities: Does it matter to academic achievement? MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 45:1-7. [PMID: 36240333 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2128733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective correlational study aimed to clarify the relationship between student engagement in organising extracurricular activities (ECAs) and academic achievement among pre-clerkship students. Data were from pre-clerkship students who enrolled during the 2012-2016 academic years at the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. Each cohort was followed for three consecutive years from the first to the third year of their 6-year program. The dependent variable was academic achievement, measured by grade point average (GPA). The independent variable was the level of involvement in organising ECAs, divided into breadth and intensity for each type of involvement. The results revealed that academic achievement had a linear correlation with the frequency of organising educational activities (r[1463] = 0.10; p < 0.001) and the frequency of organising community development and volunteering activities (r[1463] = -0.057; p = 0.030). Additionally, academic achievement had a curvilinear relationship with the frequency of organising recreational and miscellaneous activities, with a point of diminishing return at 1 activity per 3 following years. In summary, there were three relationships - positive linear, negative linear, and curvilinear - between academic achievement and student engagement in ECAs, based on the type of activity. Each should be supported in different ways to improve academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachai Leksuwankun
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yodying Dangprapai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danai Wangsaturaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Posner A, Knock M. Wellness interventions: A personal choice. MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 44:455-456. [PMID: 34176398 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1942808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Posner
- Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Medical Sciences Office, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Megan Knock
- Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Medical Sciences Office, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Li Y, Sun Q, Sun M, Sun P, Sun Q, Xia X. Physical Exercise and Psychological Distress: The Mediating Roles of Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Learning Burnout among Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179261. [PMID: 34501851 PMCID: PMC8430986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Psychological distress among adolescents adversely affects their development and negatively impacts them later in life. The aim of the present study was to determine whether an association exists between physical exercise and psychological distress and to explore the roles of problematic mobile phone use and learning burnout with respect to this association. A total of 2077 Chinese adolescents were evaluated by using the Physical Exercise Questionnaire, the Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use, the Learning Burnout Questionnaire, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. A serial multiple mediation model was constructed using the SPSS PROCESS macro. The results showed that physical exercise was negatively associated with psychological distress in this Chinese adolescent population. Serial multiple mediation analysis revealed that problematic mobile phone use and learning burnout both independently and serially mediated the association between physical exercise and psychological distress. These findings provide evidence suggesting that increased attention should be given to problematic mobile phone use and learning burnout when establishing and implementing specific strategies that leverage greater participation in physical exercise to decrease psychological distress in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Qilong Sun
- Liaocheng Infant Normal School, Liaocheng 252699, China; (Q.S.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (Q.S.)
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Liaocheng Infant Normal School, Liaocheng 252699, China; (Q.S.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (Q.S.)
| | - Peishuai Sun
- Liaocheng Infant Normal School, Liaocheng 252699, China; (Q.S.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (Q.S.)
| | - Qihui Sun
- Liaocheng Infant Normal School, Liaocheng 252699, China; (Q.S.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (Q.S.)
| | - Xue Xia
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Correspondence:
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Obad AS, Abdulwali FK, Alaidroos HAH, BaAbbad AA, Al-Gunaid MA, Al Ghurabi MOS, Bawazir AA, BaFadhl ZAA, Baqashmer ZAA, Shareef MA. Relationship between shortage of basic life needs and quality of life of medical students in Yemen: A study utilizing validity and reliability of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:1466-1472. [PMID: 34041195 PMCID: PMC8140220 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_935_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study examines quality of life of medical students in Yemen by evaluating validity and reliability of the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL) and assessing potential influencing factors. Methods: This is a single-centered cross-sectional study conducted in Hadramout University College of Medicine, Mukalla, Yemen during the academic year of 2019. The WHOQOL questionnaire was distributed among medical students. For validity, item discriminate validity and confirmatory factor analysis were assessed and for reliability, Cronbach's α test was examined. Independent sample t-test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the academic level, gender, academic performance, and basic life necessities including water, electricity supply, sewage treatment and type of residence. Results: A total of 495 medical students have responded to this questionnaire which has demonstrated an adequate validity and good reliability. The mean score for students' self-rating of their quality of life in the major domains was found to be in a descending order (Mean ± SD): psychological health (55.18 ± 17.84), environmental (52.14 + 17.60), physical health (48.15 + 14.73) and social relations (45.09 ± 20.81). Demographics and basic life needs exhibit relationship with Quality of Life among medical students. Conclusion: The WHOQOL-BREF is a valid and reliable tool among medical students in Hadramout University. Demographics and basic life needs seem to impact Yemeni medical students' Quality of Life. Wellness and mentoring programs should be considered to ameliorate effects related to deteriorating medical students' Quality of Life in Hadramout University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Obad
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed A Bawazir
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mohammad Abrar Shareef
- Department of Family Medicine, Sebasticook Valley Hospital, Pittsfield, Maine, United States
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Dąbrowska-Galas M, Ptaszkowski K, Dąbrowska J. Physical Activity Level, Insomnia and Related Impact in Medical Students in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063081. [PMID: 33802730 PMCID: PMC8002503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific academic environment and time spent on learning may lead to sleep deprivation and a sedentary lifestyle. Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint. The purposes of this study were to describe the prevalence of insomnia in medical students, and to examine physical activity levels and other behavioral factors associated with insomnia in this population group. METHODS We included 308 medical students from Poland. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity levels and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to assess insomnia among students. A multifactor model of analysis was used to analyze variables related to insomnia. RESULTS A share of 19.2% of medical students were inactive. Insomnia was reported by 36.8% of students. In the multifactorial model, variables such as smoking cigarettes (ß = 0.21, p < 0.001), consuming energy drinks several times a month (ß = 0.21, p = 0.024), or daily stress (ß = 0.44, p < 0.001) had a negative impact on the quality of sleep of medical students. CONCLUSIONS Most medical students are physically active, however, approximately one-third of the medical students experience insomnia. This sleep problem is reported more often in students who experience daily stress or smoke cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dąbrowska-Galas
- Department of Kinesitherapy and Special Methods, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Kuba Ptaszkowski
- Department of Clinical Biomechanics and Physiotherapy in Motor System Disorders, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Dąbrowska
- School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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Chew C, O'Dwyer PJ, Sandilands E. Radiology for medical students: Do we teach enough? A national study. Br J Radiol 2021; 94:20201308. [PMID: 33560874 PMCID: PMC8011254 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20201308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A recent study has shown that the averaged time tabled teaching for a medical student across 5 years in the UK was 4629 hours. Radiology has been demonstrated to be an excellent teaching source, yet the number of hours allocated to this has never been calculated. The aims of this study were to evaluate and quantify the hours allocated to radiology teaching in Scottish Medical Schools and to evaluate if they can fulfil requirements expected from other Clinical disciplines and the upcoming General Medical Council Medical Licensing Assessment (GMC MLA). Methods Data pertaining to timetabled teaching for Radiology in Scottish Universities were obtained from the authors of the Analysis of Teaching of Medical Schools (AToMS) survey. In addition, University Lead Clinician Teachers were surveyed on the radiological investigations and skills medical students should have at graduation. Results Medical students in Scottish Universities were allocated 59 h in Radiology (0.3%) out of a total 19,325 h of timetabled teaching. Hospital-based teaching was variable and ranged from 0 to 31 h. Almost half (15 of 31) of Clinician Teachers felt that there was insufficient radiology teaching in their specialty. Thirteen of 30 conditions included in the GMC MLA were listed by Clinician Teachers, while 23 others not listed by the GMC were considered important and cited by them. Conclusion This study demonstrates that medical students do not receive enough radiology teaching. This needs to be addressed by Universities in collaboration with the NHS in an effort to bring up this up to line with other developed countries and prepare students for the GMC MLA. Advances in knowledge (1) There is insufficient time allocated in Medical Students’ curriculum to Radiology. (2) Radiology teaching in medical schools fall short of University Lead Clinician Teachers’ and GMC expectations of medical students at graduation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Chew
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Hairmyres, Hairmyres, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.,NHS Lanarkshire Department of Medical Education, Kirklands Hospital, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J O'Dwyer
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Khosravi M. Burnout among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and its relationship to personality dimensions and physical activity. Eur J Transl Myol 2021. [DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2020.9411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown the association between personality traits and academic burnout. But the main goal of the present study was to find out an experimental answer to the following question: Does the relationship between personality dimensions and academic burnout is a simple relationship or physical activity can influence this relationship. In this cross-sectional correlational study, 417 medical students were selected from three major cities of Iran through stratified multistage sampling and assessed by demographic information form, Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, and Breso’s Academic Burnout Questionnaire. Bivariate Pearson correlations and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine the relationships between academic burnout, personality traits, and physical activity. In this study, 400 medical students (39% male and 61% female) filled the questionnaires correctly. The total prevalence of academic burnout was 25.5% (n=102), with heterogeneous levels. Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, being male (β=0.08, p=0.013), higher years of medical school (β=0.18, p˂0.001), and lower scores in novelty seeking (β=-0.53, p=0.006), cooperativeness (β=-0.55, p=0.010), and physical activity (β=-1.22, p˂0.001) could be attributed to higher scores of academic burnout. Furthermore, physical activity had a moderating role in “novelty seeking-academic burnout” (β=-0.47, p=0.044) and “cooperativeness-academic burnout” (β=-0.89, p=0.001) relationships (∆R2=0.02, p˂0.001). The results suggested that male gender, higher years of medical school, and lower levels of novelty seeking, cooperativeness, and physical activity are associated with higher levels of academic burnout among Iranian medical students. Therefore, paying attention to male gender and individual difference factors, as well as planning for physical education classes during the medicine courses (especially in the last years of medical school), seems essential. However, more extensive investigations need to be carried out in this field through longitudinal studies.
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Khosravi M. Burnout among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and its relationship to personality dimensions and physical activity. Eur J Transl Myol 2021; 31:9411. [PMID: 33709649 PMCID: PMC8056162 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2021.9411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown the association between personality traits and academic burnout. But the main goal of the present study was to find out an experimental answer to the following questions: Is there a simple relationship between personality dimensions and academic burnout? Can physical activity affect this relationship?. In this cross-sectional correlational study, 417 medical students were selected from three major cities of Iran through stratified multistage sampling and assessed by demographic information form, Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, and Breso's Academic Burnout Questionnaire. Bivariate Pearson correlations and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine the relationships between academic burnout, personality traits, and physical activity. In this study, 400 medical students (39% male and 61% female) filled the questionnaires correctly. The total prevalence of academic burnout was 25.5% (n=102), with heterogeneous levels. Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, being male (β=0.08, p=0.013), higher years of medical school (β=0.18, p˂0.001), and lower scores in novelty seeking (β=-0.53, p=0.006), cooperativeness (β=-0.55, p=0.010), and physical activity (β=-1.22, p˂0.001) could be attributed to higher scores of academic burnout. Furthermore, physical activity had a moderating role in "novelty seeking-academic burnout" (β=-0.47, p=0.044) and "cooperativeness-academic burnout" (β=-0.89, p=0.001) relationships (ΔR2=0.02, p˂0.001). The results suggested that male gender, higher years of medical school, and lower levels of novelty seeking, cooperativeness, and physical activity are associated with higher levels of academic burnout among Iranian medical students. Therefore, paying attention to male gender and individual difference factors, as well as planning for physical education classes during the medicine courses (especially in the last years of medical school), seems essential. However, more extensive investigations need to be carried out in this field through longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khosravi
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Baharan Psychiatric Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code: 9813913777, Zahedan, Iran. +98-5433522636, +98-5433518352. ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2970-6309
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Pandey AK, Prabhath S, Nayak KR, Andrade L, Prabhu K, Nayak V, Kalthur SG. One-month long foundation course for newly joined Indian medical undergraduates: Faculty and students' perspective. Med J Armed Forces India 2021; 77:S146-S156. [PMID: 33612946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A one-month long foundation course has been introduced at the entry-level for first-year MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) students in the medical institutions across India from 2019. Therefore, the present study is aimed at describing the experience of implementing a one-month long foundation course conducted for the Competency-based Undergraduate Medical Curriculum (CBUC) of Indian Medical Graduate as per the guidelines from the National Medical Commission (NMC) (erstwhile Medical Council of India, MCI). We have evaluated the student and faculty perceptions towards the effectiveness of the program. Methods The foundation course had six modules Orientation, Skills, Field visit to Community Health Centre, Professional Development including Ethics, Sports and Extracurricular activities, Computer Skills, and Language enhancement program. Regular feedback wascollected from students (N = 250) and teachers (N = 26) involved in the Foundation course using a semi-structured questionnaire. The program's overall feedback was also obtained at the end of the course, using a validated questionnaire. The quantitative findings were expressed in frequency and percentage. The qualitative observations (reflections of students and faculty) were subjected to thematic. Results The students and faculty appreciated the one-month long foundation course. The course's defined objectives were met as indicated by most students (98.4%) and faculty (75%). The course seemed to be useful for students to embark on a formal MBBS curriculum. It also exposed them to new knowledge and practices, as indicated by the feedback. Thematic analysis of the students' and faculty's reflections was carried out and two themes were identified, i.e., 'strengths' and 'challenges.' The Foundation Course Committee will work out appropriate remedial measures to overcome the challenges in the future sessions for subsequent batches. Conclusions The one-month-long foundation course was found to be beneficial for newly joined students to get introduced and adjusted to higher education systems' demands. Also, the challenges faced during the program needs to be addressed with suitable remedial measures while implementing for subsequent batches. This effort will ensure a smooth conduct of the foundation course for the future batches of medical undergraduates and make the program more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Pandey
- Associate Professor (Anatomy) & Faculty (Medical Education), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Prabhath
- Assistant Professor (Anatomy), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kirtana R Nayak
- Professor (Physiology) & Head (Medical Education), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lydia Andrade
- Assistant Professor (Anatomy), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnananda Prabhu
- Professor (Biochemistry) & Faculty (Medical Education), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Veena Nayak
- Associate Professor (Pharmacology) & Faculty (Medical Education), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sneha G Kalthur
- Professor (Anatomy), Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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James T, Ajith TA, Joson D, Thomas B. Analysis of feedback from first-year undergraduate medical students who attended foundation course at a teaching institution in South India. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:8. [PMID: 33688517 PMCID: PMC7933685 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_294_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical Council of India has suggested competency-based curriculum for undergraduate students to make it learner centric. One-month "Foundation course" was introduced at the beginning of the course to promote better adaptation to the new curriculum. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the feedback from students who attended the foundation course. MATERIALS AND METHODS All first-year Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students who underwent 1-month foundation course were included in the study. The course was conducted in six modules. All the sessions were handled by efficient resource people and conducted in an interactive manner. A form in which response against each topic/talk was graded as average, good, or excellent was used to obtain the feedback. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16 software. Responses among various modules were subjected to Chi-square two-sided test with Yates's correction. RESULTS A total of 98 students (32 males and 66 females) attended the foundation course of 21 days. Among the modules conducted, basic skill training module was scored excellent (67%) remarks, followed by sports and extracurricular activities (64.6%) (P = 0.8806). Among the skill training module, both basic life support training and first aid on medicine/pediatrics achieved 92% excellent score. One of the orientation module sessions, research methodology, scored least. The descending order of excellent remarks was skill module > sports and extracurricular activities > field visit to the community and primary health center > orientation modules > enhancement of language. CONCLUSION Attention should be given to include more topics concerned to the modules of skill training and extracurricular activities in upcoming years. Foundation courses can increase the confidence and better adaptability of the students toward a new environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinju James
- Department of Physiology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Donia Joson
- Department of Physiology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Betsy Thomas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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14
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Picton A. Work-life balance in medical students: self-care in a culture of self-sacrifice. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:8. [PMID: 33407370 PMCID: PMC7786898 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-life balance is a key contributor to doctors' wellbeing and consequently is a central factor in their career decisions. General Medical Council guidance outlines the importance of work-life balance as part of compassionate self-care. Learning self-care should begin as an undergraduate, when academic and clinical workload can contribute to stress, anxiety and burnout. METHODS Sequential mixed methods study of medical students in Years 3-5 at the University of Birmingham, UK. Students (n = 145) defined work-life balance in free-text answers and self-assessed their current work-life balance via questionnaires. Following this, a sub-sample of students (n = 44) participated in exploratory individual mini-interviews. RESULTS Work-life balance emerged as a broad and multifactorial concept. Questionnaire respondents most frequently referenced enjoyment, meeting work requirements and time management in their definitions. Interview participants highlighted additional influencing factors such as peer groups, study skills, family and professional culture. Students expect a significant shift towards work after graduating and expressed concerns about the stresses of delivering patient care. 42% (n = 60) of students felt they had received support with their work-life balance during their training, mostly from family and friends. Most students had not received support or advice on their work-life balance from University or hospital staff. CONCLUSION Self-care and work-life balance are essential for medical students and doctors to cope with lifelong learning and deliver effective care. Medical school staff should be pro-active in supporting students to develop these skills, particularly during critical transition periods. Early interventions targeting study skills and time management may be beneficial. Further research should include students in Years 1-2 and compare different institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aled Picton
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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15
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Zafar M, Musa Omer EO, Hassan ME, Ansari K. Association of sleep disorder with academic performance among medical students in Sudan. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2020.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background — Sleep disorder is a common problem amongst medical students. The objective of this study is to determine the association of sleep disorder with academic performances among medical students in Sudan. Methods — A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 199 medical students were selected through simple random sampling techniques. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used to assess the sleep pattern and daytime sleepiness respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of sleep disorder with academic performance. Results — Majority of the students (82.5%) suffered poor sleep quality and 56.5% were suffered from severe day time sleepiness. All the characteristics of sleep quality were associated with poor academic performance but only sleep duration, use of sleep medication, global PSQI score and day time sleepiness were a statistically significant association with poor academic performance. Conclusion — A high prevalence of sleep disorder and its associated with poor academic performance was found in medical students. There is a need for a formulation of policies to address the factors which affect sleep of students.
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16
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Understanding the Role of Social Interactions in the Development of an Extracurricular University Volunteer Activity in a Developing Country. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124422. [PMID: 32575522 PMCID: PMC7345550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The relevance of participating in structured extracurricular activities (ECA from here onwords) in higher education is increasing. Involvement in these activities helps students develop personal and social skills that positively affect academic and professional training, well-being, and the development of attitudes toward community involvement. This study analyzes the role of social interactions in the perceived benefits of students, who have participated in an ECA in a developing country. Moreover, this research aspires to explore whether students perceive that these interactions positively impact academic training, professional development, and adjustment to the university context, psychological well-being, and development of community involvement attitudes. As a result, 46 in-depth interviews were conducted with 23 students who participated in the experience. 23 in-depth interviews were conducted before the experience and another 23 after it. Data analysis was carried out using the IRaMuTeQ software to conduct a descending hierarchical classification (DHC). This study highlights the value of social interactions in an ECA to increase the motivation of students to improve academic and professional performance, to build shared knowledge with others, and to develop personal and social skills that contribute to the integral development of participants. ECAs help students reflect on their actions and privileges and develop positive attitudes toward themselves and others. This fact is linked to the achievement of high levels of well-being that allow the enhancement of the students' self-esteem. Finally, this experience has allowed volunteers to become aware of other sociocultural realities and to reflect on the possible ways of contributing to the development of a more sustainable society.
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17
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Devine OP, Harborne AC, Horsfall HL, Joseph T, Marshall-Andon T, Samuels R, Kearsley JW, Abbas N, Baig H, Beecham J, Benons N, Caird C, Clark R, Cope T, Coultas J, Debenham L, Douglas S, Eldridge J, Hughes-Gooding T, Jakubowska A, Jones O, Lancaster E, MacMillan C, McAllister R, Merzougui W, Phillips B, Phillips S, Risk O, Sage A, Sooltangos A, Spencer R, Tajbakhsh R, Adesalu O, Aganin I, Ahmed A, Aiken K, Akeredolu AS, Alam I, Ali A, Anderson R, Ang JJ, Anis FS, Aojula S, Arthur C, Ashby A, Ashraf A, Aspinall E, Awad M, Yahaya AMA, Badhrinarayanan S, Bandyopadhyay S, Barnes S, Bassey-Duke D, Boreham C, Braine R, Brandreth J, Carrington Z, Cashin Z, Chatterjee S, Chawla M, Chean CS, Clements C, Clough R, Coulthurst J, Curry L, Daniels VC, Davies S, Davis R, De Waal H, Desai N, Douglas H, Druce J, Ejamike LN, Esere M, Eyre A, Fazmin IT, Fitzgerald-Smith S, Ford V, Freeston S, Garnett K, General W, Gilbert H, Gowie Z, Grafton-Clarke C, Gudka K, Gumber L, Gupta R, Harlow C, Harrington A, Heaney A, Ho WHS, Holloway L, Hood C, Houghton E, Houshangi S, Howard E, Human B, Hunter H, Hussain I, Hussain S, Jackson-Taylor RT, Jacob-Ramsdale B, Janjuha R, Jawad S, Jelani M, Johnston D, Jones M, Kalidindi S, Kalsi S, Kalyanasundaram A, Kane A, Kaur S, Al-Othman OK, Khan Q, Khullar S, Kirkland P, Lawrence-Smith H, Leeson C, Lenaerts JER, Long K, Lubbock S, Burrell JMD, Maguire R, Mahendran P, Majeed S, Malhotra PS, Mandagere V, Mantelakis A, McGovern S, Mosuro A, Moxley A, Mustoe S, Myers S, Nadeem K, Nasseri R, Newman T, Nzewi R, Ogborne R, Omatseye J, Paddock S, Parkin J, Patel M, Pawar S, Pearce S, Penrice S, Purdy J, Ramjan R, Randhawa R, Rasul U, Raymond-Taggert E, Razey R, Razzaghi C, Reel E, Revell EJ, Rigbye J, Rotimi O, Said A, Sanders E, Sangal P, Grandal NS, Shah A, Shah RA, Shotton O, Sims D, Smart K, Smith MA, Smith N, Sopian AS, South M, Speller J, Syer TJ, Ta NH, Tadross D, Thompson B, Trevett J, Tyler M, Ullah R, Utukuri M, Vadera S, Van Den Tooren H, Venturini S, Vijayakumar A, Vine M, Wellbelove Z, Wittner L, Yong GHK, Ziyada F, McManus IC. The Analysis of Teaching of Medical Schools (AToMS) survey: an analysis of 47,258 timetabled teaching events in 25 UK medical schools relating to timing, duration, teaching formats, teaching content, and problem-based learning. BMC Med 2020; 18:126. [PMID: 32404194 PMCID: PMC7222546 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND What subjects UK medical schools teach, what ways they teach subjects, and how much they teach those subjects is unclear. Whether teaching differences matter is a separate, important question. This study provides a detailed picture of timetabled undergraduate teaching activity at 25 UK medical schools, particularly in relation to problem-based learning (PBL). METHOD The Analysis of Teaching of Medical Schools (AToMS) survey used detailed timetables provided by 25 schools with standard 5-year courses. Timetabled teaching events were coded in terms of course year, duration, teaching format, and teaching content. Ten schools used PBL. Teaching times from timetables were validated against two other studies that had assessed GP teaching and lecture, seminar, and tutorial times. RESULTS A total of 47,258 timetabled teaching events in the academic year 2014/2015 were analysed, including SSCs (student-selected components) and elective studies. A typical UK medical student receives 3960 timetabled hours of teaching during their 5-year course. There was a clear difference between the initial 2 years which mostly contained basic medical science content and the later 3 years which mostly consisted of clinical teaching, although some clinical teaching occurs in the first 2 years. Medical schools differed in duration, format, and content of teaching. Two main factors underlay most of the variation between schools, Traditional vs PBL teaching and Structured vs Unstructured teaching. A curriculum map comparing medical schools was constructed using those factors. PBL schools differed on a number of measures, having more PBL teaching time, fewer lectures, more GP teaching, less surgery, less formal teaching of basic science, and more sessions with unspecified content. DISCUSSION UK medical schools differ in both format and content of teaching. PBL and non-PBL schools clearly differ, albeit with substantial variation within groups, and overlap in the middle. The important question of whether differences in teaching matter in terms of outcomes is analysed in a companion study (MedDifs) which examines how teaching differences relate to university infrastructure, entry requirements, student perceptions, and outcomes in Foundation Programme and postgraduate training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tobin Joseph
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Tess Marshall-Andon
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Ryan Samuels
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | | | - Nadine Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Hassan Baig
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Joseph Beecham
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Natasha Benons
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Charlie Caird
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Ryan Clark
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Thomas Cope
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - James Coultas
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG UK
| | - Luke Debenham
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - Sarah Douglas
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Jack Eldridge
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Thomas Hughes-Gooding
- The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
| | - Agnieszka Jakubowska
- Barts and The London Medical School, 4 Newark St, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AT UK
| | - Oliver Jones
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Eve Lancaster
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - Calum MacMillan
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, 4 Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4BF UK
| | - Ross McAllister
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Wassim Merzougui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Ben Phillips
- Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot, L35 5DR UK
| | - Simon Phillips
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK
| | - Omar Risk
- Guy’s, King’s and St Thomas’ School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Adam Sage
- Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | - Aisha Sooltangos
- Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Robert Spencer
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cochrane Building, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, CF14 4YU UK
| | - Roxanne Tajbakhsh
- School of Medicine, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Oluseyi Adesalu
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Ivan Aganin
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Ammar Ahmed
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Katherine Aiken
- Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | | | - Ibrahim Alam
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Aamna Ali
- School of Medicine, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Richard Anderson
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Jia Jun Ang
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Fady Sameh Anis
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Sonam Aojula
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Catherine Arthur
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Alena Ashby
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Ahmed Ashraf
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Emma Aspinall
- Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot, L35 5DR UK
| | - Mark Awad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | | | - Shreya Badhrinarayanan
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Soham Bandyopadhyay
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK
| | - Sam Barnes
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Daisy Bassey-Duke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Charlotte Boreham
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Rebecca Braine
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK
| | - Joseph Brandreth
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Zoe Carrington
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Zoe Cashin
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Shaunak Chatterjee
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - Mehar Chawla
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Chung Shen Chean
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Chris Clements
- St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF UK
| | - Richard Clough
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Jessica Coulthurst
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Liam Curry
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Vinnie Christine Daniels
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Simon Davies
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Rebecca Davis
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Hanelie De Waal
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Nasreen Desai
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Hannah Douglas
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - James Druce
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | | | - Meron Esere
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK
| | - Alex Eyre
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Ibrahim Talal Fazmin
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Sophia Fitzgerald-Smith
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Verity Ford
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Sarah Freeston
- Homerton University Hospital, Homerton Row, London, E9 6SR UK
| | | | - Whitney General
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Helen Gilbert
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Zein Gowie
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Ciaran Grafton-Clarke
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Keshni Gudka
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Leher Gumber
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Rishi Gupta
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Chris Harlow
- St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Amy Harrington
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Adele Heaney
- Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | - Wing Hang Serene Ho
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Lucy Holloway
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Christina Hood
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Eleanor Houghton
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Saba Houshangi
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Emma Howard
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG UK
| | - Benjamin Human
- School of Medicine, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Harriet Hunter
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Ifrah Hussain
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Sami Hussain
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | | | | | - Ryan Janjuha
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Saleh Jawad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Muzzamil Jelani
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - David Johnston
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Mike Jones
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW UK
| | - Sadhana Kalidindi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Savraj Kalsi
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Asanish Kalyanasundaram
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Anna Kane
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Sahaj Kaur
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | | | - Qaisar Khan
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Sajan Khullar
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG UK
| | - Priscilla Kirkland
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Hannah Lawrence-Smith
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Charlotte Leeson
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | | | - Kerry Long
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Rd, Nottingham, NG5 1PB UK
| | - Simon Lubbock
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | | | - Rachel Maguire
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Praveen Mahendran
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Saad Majeed
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | | | - Vinay Mandagere
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | | | - Sophie McGovern
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Anjola Mosuro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Adam Moxley
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Sophie Mustoe
- Guy’s, King’s and St Thomas’ School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Sam Myers
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Kiran Nadeem
- Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Reza Nasseri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Tom Newman
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Richard Nzewi
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Rosalie Ogborne
- St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Joyce Omatseye
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE UK
| | - Sophie Paddock
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - James Parkin
- St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Mohit Patel
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Sohini Pawar
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Stuart Pearce
- St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Samuel Penrice
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, 4 Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4BF UK
| | - Julian Purdy
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Raisa Ramjan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Ratan Randhawa
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Usman Rasul
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Elliot Raymond-Taggert
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Rebecca Razey
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Carmel Razzaghi
- Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | - Eimear Reel
- Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | - Elliot John Revell
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Joanna Rigbye
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | | | - Abdelrahman Said
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Emma Sanders
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH UK
| | - Pranoy Sangal
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW UK
| | - Nora Sangvik Grandal
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Aadam Shah
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Rahul Atul Shah
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Oliver Shotton
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK
| | - Daniel Sims
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
| | - Katie Smart
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Martha Amy Smith
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Nick Smith
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Aninditya Salma Sopian
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Matthew South
- The University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Jessica Speller
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Tom J. Syer
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Ngan Hong Ta
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Daniel Tadross
- School of Medicine, Worsley Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL UK
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Jess Trevett
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Matthew Tyler
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Roshan Ullah
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - Mrudula Utukuri
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP UK
| | - Shree Vadera
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | | | - Sara Venturini
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZN UK
| | - Aradhya Vijayakumar
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Melanie Vine
- George Davies Centre, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA UK
| | - Zoe Wellbelove
- John Hughlings Jackson Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Liora Wittner
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Geoffrey Hong Kiat Yong
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Farris Ziyada
- Guy’s, King’s and St Thomas’ School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - I. C. McManus
- Research Department of Medical Education, UCL Medical School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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18
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McManus IC, Harborne AC, Horsfall HL, Joseph T, Smith DT, Marshall-Andon T, Samuels R, Kearsley JW, Abbas N, Baig H, Beecham J, Benons N, Caird C, Clark R, Cope T, Coultas J, Debenham L, Douglas S, Eldridge J, Hughes-Gooding T, Jakubowska A, Jones O, Lancaster E, MacMillan C, McAllister R, Merzougui W, Phillips B, Phillips S, Risk O, Sage A, Sooltangos A, Spencer R, Tajbakhsh R, Adesalu O, Aganin I, Ahmed A, Aiken K, Akeredolu AS, Alam I, Ali A, Anderson R, Ang JJ, Anis FS, Aojula S, Arthur C, Ashby A, Ashraf A, Aspinall E, Awad M, Yahaya AMA, Badhrinarayanan S, Bandyopadhyay S, Barnes S, Bassey-Duke D, Boreham C, Braine R, Brandreth J, Carrington Z, Cashin Z, Chatterjee S, Chawla M, Chean CS, Clements C, Clough R, Coulthurst J, Curry L, Daniels VC, Davies S, Davis R, De Waal H, Desai N, Douglas H, Druce J, Ejamike LN, Esere M, Eyre A, Fazmin IT, Fitzgerald-Smith S, Ford V, Freeston S, Garnett K, General W, Gilbert H, Gowie Z, Grafton-Clarke C, Gudka K, Gumber L, Gupta R, Harlow C, Harrington A, Heaney A, Ho WHS, Holloway L, Hood C, Houghton E, Houshangi S, Howard E, Human B, Hunter H, Hussain I, Hussain S, Jackson-Taylor RT, Jacob-Ramsdale B, Janjuha R, Jawad S, Jelani M, Johnston D, Jones M, Kalidindi S, Kalsi S, Kalyanasundaram A, Kane A, Kaur S, Al-Othman OK, Khan Q, Khullar S, Kirkland P, Lawrence-Smith H, Leeson C, Lenaerts JER, Long K, Lubbock S, Burrell JMD, Maguire R, Mahendran P, Majeed S, Malhotra PS, Mandagere V, Mantelakis A, McGovern S, Mosuro A, Moxley A, Mustoe S, Myers S, Nadeem K, Nasseri R, Newman T, Nzewi R, Ogborne R, Omatseye J, Paddock S, Parkin J, Patel M, Pawar S, Pearce S, Penrice S, Purdy J, Ramjan R, Randhawa R, Rasul U, Raymond-Taggert E, Razey R, Razzaghi C, Reel E, Revell EJ, Rigbye J, Rotimi O, Said A, Sanders E, Sangal P, Grandal NS, Shah A, Shah RA, Shotton O, Sims D, Smart K, Smith MA, Smith N, Sopian AS, South M, Speller J, Syer TJ, Ta NH, Tadross D, Thompson B, Trevett J, Tyler M, Ullah R, Utukuri M, Vadera S, Van Den Tooren H, Venturini S, Vijayakumar A, Vine M, Wellbelove Z, Wittner L, Yong GHK, Ziyada F, Devine OP. Exploring UK medical school differences: the MedDifs study of selection, teaching, student and F1 perceptions, postgraduate outcomes and fitness to practise. BMC Med 2020; 18:136. [PMID: 32404148 PMCID: PMC7222458 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical schools differ, particularly in their teaching, but it is unclear whether such differences matter, although influential claims are often made. The Medical School Differences (MedDifs) study brings together a wide range of measures of UK medical schools, including postgraduate performance, fitness to practise issues, specialty choice, preparedness, satisfaction, teaching styles, entry criteria and institutional factors. METHOD Aggregated data were collected for 50 measures across 29 UK medical schools. Data include institutional history (e.g. rate of production of hospital and GP specialists in the past), curricular influences (e.g. PBL schools, spend per student, staff-student ratio), selection measures (e.g. entry grades), teaching and assessment (e.g. traditional vs PBL, specialty teaching, self-regulated learning), student satisfaction, Foundation selection scores, Foundation satisfaction, postgraduate examination performance and fitness to practise (postgraduate progression, GMC sanctions). Six specialties (General Practice, Psychiatry, Anaesthetics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Internal Medicine, Surgery) were examined in more detail. RESULTS Medical school differences are stable across time (median alpha = 0.835). The 50 measures were highly correlated, 395 (32.2%) of 1225 correlations being significant with p < 0.05, and 201 (16.4%) reached a Tukey-adjusted criterion of p < 0.0025. Problem-based learning (PBL) schools differ on many measures, including lower performance on postgraduate assessments. While these are in part explained by lower entry grades, a surprising finding is that schools such as PBL schools which reported greater student satisfaction with feedback also showed lower performance at postgraduate examinations. More medical school teaching of psychiatry, surgery and anaesthetics did not result in more specialist trainees. Schools that taught more general practice did have more graduates entering GP training, but those graduates performed less well in MRCGP examinations, the negative correlation resulting from numbers of GP trainees and exam outcomes being affected both by non-traditional teaching and by greater historical production of GPs. Postgraduate exam outcomes were also higher in schools with more self-regulated learning, but lower in larger medical schools. A path model for 29 measures found a complex causal nexus, most measures causing or being caused by other measures. Postgraduate exam performance was influenced by earlier attainment, at entry to Foundation and entry to medical school (the so-called academic backbone), and by self-regulated learning. Foundation measures of satisfaction, including preparedness, had no subsequent influence on outcomes. Fitness to practise issues were more frequent in schools producing more male graduates and more GPs. CONCLUSIONS Medical schools differ in large numbers of ways that are causally interconnected. Differences between schools in postgraduate examination performance, training problems and GMC sanctions have important implications for the quality of patient care and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C McManus
- Research Department of Medical Education, UCL Medical School, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | | | | | - Tobin Joseph
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel T Smith
- General Medical Council, Regent's Place, 350 Euston Road, London, NW1 3JN, UK
| | - Tess Marshall-Andon
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Ryan Samuels
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - Nadine Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Hassan Baig
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Joseph Beecham
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Natasha Benons
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Charlie Caird
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ryan Clark
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Thomas Cope
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - James Coultas
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Luke Debenham
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston B15 2TT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Sarah Douglas
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jack Eldridge
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Thomas Hughes-Gooding
- The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Agnieszka Jakubowska
- Barts and The London Medical School, 4 Newark St, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Oliver Jones
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Eve Lancaster
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston B15 2TT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Calum MacMillan
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, 4 Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4BF, UK
| | - Ross McAllister
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Wassim Merzougui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ben Phillips
- Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot, L35 5DR, UK
| | - Simon Phillips
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Omar Risk
- Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Adam Sage
- Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Aisha Sooltangos
- Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Robert Spencer
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cochrane Building, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, CF14 4YU, UK
| | - Roxanne Tajbakhsh
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Oluseyi Adesalu
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ivan Aganin
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Ammar Ahmed
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Katherine Aiken
- Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | | | - Ibrahim Alam
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Aamna Ali
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Richard Anderson
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Jia Jun Ang
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Fady Sameh Anis
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sonam Aojula
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Catherine Arthur
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Alena Ashby
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Ahmed Ashraf
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Emma Aspinall
- Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot, L35 5DR, UK
| | - Mark Awad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | | | - Shreya Badhrinarayanan
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Soham Bandyopadhyay
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sam Barnes
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Daisy Bassey-Duke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Charlotte Boreham
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Rebecca Braine
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Joseph Brandreth
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Zoe Carrington
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Zoe Cashin
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Shaunak Chatterjee
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston B15 2TT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Mehar Chawla
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Chung Shen Chean
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Chris Clements
- St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Richard Clough
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jessica Coulthurst
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Liam Curry
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Vinnie Christine Daniels
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Simon Davies
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Rebecca Davis
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Hanelie De Waal
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Nasreen Desai
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Hannah Douglas
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - James Druce
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - Meron Esere
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alex Eyre
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ibrahim Talal Fazmin
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Sophia Fitzgerald-Smith
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Verity Ford
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sarah Freeston
- Homerton University Hospital, Homerton Row E9 6SR, London, UK
| | | | - Whitney General
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Helen Gilbert
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Zein Gowie
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ciaran Grafton-Clarke
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Keshni Gudka
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Leher Gumber
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Rishi Gupta
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chris Harlow
- St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Amy Harrington
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Adele Heaney
- Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Wing Hang Serene Ho
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Lucy Holloway
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Christina Hood
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eleanor Houghton
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Saba Houshangi
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Emma Howard
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Benjamin Human
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Harriet Hunter
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Ifrah Hussain
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sami Hussain
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | | | - Ryan Janjuha
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Saleh Jawad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Building 85, Life Sciences Building, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Muzzamil Jelani
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - David Johnston
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Mike Jones
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Sadhana Kalidindi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Savraj Kalsi
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Asanish Kalyanasundaram
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Anna Kane
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sahaj Kaur
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | | | - Qaisar Khan
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Sajan Khullar
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele University Campus, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Priscilla Kirkland
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Hannah Lawrence-Smith
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Charlotte Leeson
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Kerry Long
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Rd, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Simon Lubbock
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | | | - Rachel Maguire
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Praveen Mahendran
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Saad Majeed
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Vinay Mandagere
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Angelos Mantelakis
- St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Sophie McGovern
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Anjola Mosuro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Adam Moxley
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sophie Mustoe
- Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Sam Myers
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kiran Nadeem
- Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Reza Nasseri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Tom Newman
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Richard Nzewi
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Rosalie Ogborne
- St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Joyce Omatseye
- University of Liverpool Medical School, Cedar House, Ashton St, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Sophie Paddock
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - James Parkin
- St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Mohit Patel
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sohini Pawar
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Stuart Pearce
- St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Samuel Penrice
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, 4 Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4BF, UK
| | - Julian Purdy
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Raisa Ramjan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Ratan Randhawa
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Usman Rasul
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Elliot Raymond-Taggert
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Rebecca Razey
- Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Carmel Razzaghi
- Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Eimear Reel
- Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Elliot John Revell
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Joanna Rigbye
- University of Edinburgh Medical School, 47 Little France Cres, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Abdelrahman Said
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Emma Sanders
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, First Floor South, Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Pranoy Sangal
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Nora Sangvik Grandal
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Aadam Shah
- University of Aberdeen, Suttie Centre, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Rahul Atul Shah
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Oliver Shotton
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Daniel Sims
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Katie Smart
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Martha Amy Smith
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Nick Smith
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Aninditya Salma Sopian
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Matthew South
- The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jessica Speller
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Tom J Syer
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Ngan Hong Ta
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Daniel Tadross
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jess Trevett
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Matthew Tyler
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Roshan Ullah
- Birmingham Medical School, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston B15 2TT, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Mrudula Utukuri
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Shree Vadera
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Sara Venturini
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZN, UK
| | - Aradhya Vijayakumar
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Melanie Vine
- University of Leicester School of Medicine, George Davies Centre, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Zoe Wellbelove
- University of York, John Hughlings Jackson Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Liora Wittner
- UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Geoffrey Hong Kiat Yong
- Medical Student Office, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Farris Ziyada
- Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medical Education, Henriette Raphael Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
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Pabon D, Muñoz NS, Rueda-Esteban RJ. Peer Assisted Learning Experience as an Extracurricular Activity during a Gross Anatomy course. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zafar M, Omer EM, Elfatih M, Ansari K, Kareem A, fawaz A, Fares R, Saad W. Daytime sleepiness and sleep quality among undergraduate medical students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_54_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Liu HY, Chao CY, Kain VJ, Sung SC. The relationship of personal competencies, social adaptation, and job adaptation on job satisfaction. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2019; 83:104199. [PMID: 31683113 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal competencies are associated with successful job performance. Job satisfaction is directly related to nursing turnover, and is a critical indicator of their performance and quality of patient care. However, little is known about the relationship between personal competencies, social adaptation, and job adaptation on job satisfaction for nurses. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between personal competencies, social adaptation, and job adaptation on job satisfaction for nurses. DESIGN This study was conducted with secondary data analysis. SETTINGS We targeted nursing alumni in a large university in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS The target population was nursing alumni, and the sample consisted of 280 from the Office of Student Affairs database. METHODS Personal competencies, social adaptation, job adaptation, and job satisfaction were measured using a secondary data analysis. Relationships between the variables were analyzed to determine which variable explained the most variance in job satisfaction. RESULTS Of the 280 participants, participation of extracurricular activities was reported by 70.4%, and over 22.5% had a leadership role in extracurricular activities. The results demonstrated that nursing alumni with either extracurricular activities involvement or a leadership role had higher level of personal competencies and better job satisfaction. Further, these results showed the number of years in the extracurricular activities (r = 0.174, p = .003), the perceived level of personal competencies (r = 0.341, p = .000), social adaptation (r = 0.411, p = .000) and job adaptation (r = 0.575, p = .000) were positively and significantly correlated with job satisfaction. The job adaptation, the perceived level of personal competencies, and alumni who had a leadership role accounted for 37.1% of variance in job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study suggest that job adaptation, personal competencies, and having had a leadership role in extracurricular activities are important concepts to improving nurses' job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, & Associate Research Fellow, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chao
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Victoria J Kain
- Griffith University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queensland, Australia
| | - Su-Ching Sung
- Graduate Institute of Gerontology and Health Care Management, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.
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Burgis-Kasthala S, Elmitt N, Smyth L, Moore M. Predicting future performance in medical students. A longitudinal study examining the effects of resilience on low and higher performing students. MEDICAL TEACHER 2019; 41:1184-1191. [PMID: 31314633 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2019.1626978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Medical students have high rates of distress and burnout, exacerbated by a high academic workload. Resilience is stated to mitigate such stress, and even allow positive adaptations in the face of such challenges. Despite this, no research has examined the relationship of resilience on the academic performance of medical students. Methods: The goal of our study was to investigate the association between resilience on academic performance. We surveyed all year 2, 3, and 4 medical students (n = 160), and combined this with data on past and future course performance. We conducted an analysis of the internal consistency and validity of the RS-14, suggesting two factors: which we represent as self-assuredness and drive. We then analyzed future course performance using multiple regression. Results: Models utilizing the combined RS-14 score suggested past-performance as the only significant predictor of future course performance. Considering self-assuredness and drive as separate predictors demonstrated self-assuredness to be a predictor of improved performance in lower-than-average students, whilst drive was a predictor of improvement in higher-than-average students. Conclusions: We suggest that the conceptualization of resilience needs greater nuance, and consideration in tandem with broader psychosocial concepts, as it may exert different effects for different students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas Elmitt
- Rural Clinical School, Australia National University , Canberra , Australia
| | - Lillian Smyth
- Rural Clinical School, Australia National University , Canberra , Australia
| | - Malcolm Moore
- Rural Clinical School, Australia National University , Canberra , Australia
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Ran M, Peng L, Liu Q, Pender M, He F, Wang H. The association between quality of life(QOL) and health literacy among junior middle school students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1183. [PMID: 30340479 PMCID: PMC6194633 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lower health literacy is associated with poor quality of life (QOL) among patients with chronic disease; little is known about this relationship among the general population, especially for child and adolescent. To fill this gap, this paper aimed to investigate the association between health literacy and QOL in junior middle school students, and explore how QOL varies by health literacy. Methods An anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted among junior middle school students (aged 12–15) from Shapingba district, Chongqing in China, and participants were recruited using stratified cluster sampling. Health literacy and QOL were measured using two validated scales, and quantified using a five-point Likert scale with health literacy classified as low, medium, or high. We used multivariable logistic regression to test adjusted association between health literacy and QOL. Results A total of 1774 junior middle school students were evaluated, with the mean age was 13.8 ± 1.0 and of whom 905 (51.0%) were male. About 25.5% of the research subjects had a low health literacy. When controlling for age, grade, family structure and other covariates, highest discrimination was found among participants with low to high health literacy. Overall, Students who equipped with higher health literacy was associated with greater QOL (P < 0.01), and this discrimination remained significant in subscales: physiological well-being (P < 0.01), mental well-being (P < 0.01), social well-being (P < 0.01) and pubertal well-being (P < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of low health literacy among junior middle school students in Chongqing area was relatively high, and inadequate health literacy may contribute to poorer QOL among junior middle school students. It merits further longitudinal studies to confirm the impact of health literacy on QOL. Overall, to improve students’ QOL, public health efforts for further improving awareness and enhancing effective promotion and education are urgently needed in junior middle school students, especially for low health literacy populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ran
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Linli Peng
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Michelle Pender
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Fang He
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Jorm C, Bleasel J, Haq I. Time to establish comprehensive long-term monitoring of Australian medical graduates? AUST HEALTH REV 2018; 42:635-639. [DOI: 10.1071/ah16292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We believe that the well being of our medical students (and medical staff throughout the continuum of practice) matters too much not to ask, ‘How do they feel?’ Society, and students themselves, have invested too much in their education not to query ‘How well are they performing in the workplace?’. Our accountability to the community demands we ask, ‘How are their patients going?’ This article presents a schema for building long-term monitoring in Australia, using linked and reliable data, that will enable these questions to be answered. Although the answers will be of interest to many, medical schools will then be well placed to alter their programs and processes based on these three domains of graduate well being, workplace performance and patient outcomes.
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Almasry M, Kayali Z, Alsaad R, Alhayaza G, Ahmad MS, Obeidat A, Abu-Zaid A. Perceptions of preclinical medical students towards extracurricular activities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 8:285-289. [PMID: 28817380 PMCID: PMC5572427 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.5973.297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the percentage of students involved in extracurricular activities (EAs), explore relationships between participation in EAs and students' characteristics, and investigate students' perceptions (i.e., motives and barriers) towards participation in EAs. METHODS An online, anonymous, random, cross-sectional, self-rating survey was administered during spring 2015-2016 to second-year and third-year students (n=340). Chi-square test was used to explore relationships between participation in EAs and students' characteristics. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the mean 5-point Likert scale responses according to students' characteristics. Statistical significance was determined as p<0.05. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-seven students participated in the survey (n=237/340, response rate: 69.7%). Only 143 students (60.3%, n=140/237) participated in EAs, and this percentage significantly differed by gender (χ2(1, N=237)=4.3205, p<0.037), nationality (χ2(1, N=237)=18.7069, p<0.000) and cumulative grade point average (cGPA, χ2(1, N=237)=17.8296, p<0.000). The top three motives towards participation in EAs were: "improve resume" (83.5%, n=198), "improve networking skills" (82.7%, n=196) and "improve teamwork skills" (76.8%, n=182). The top three barriers towards participation in EAs were: "lack of time" (61.2%, n=145), "lack of equal opportunities in EAs" (57.8%, n=137) and "lack of curricular emphasis of EAs" (52.7%, n=125). There was a statistically significant difference of means between male (mean=2.8) and female (mean=3.2) students regarding the following barrier: "affect academic performance negatively" (U=5389.5, p<0.002). CONCLUSIONS The participation rate in EAs was satisfactory, and positively related to students' characteristics of male gender, non-Saudi nationality and high cGPA. Medical schools should facilitate all potential motives and resolve all associated barriers towards participation in EAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Almasry
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeina Kayali
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Alsaad
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Alhayaza
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Akef Obeidat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Almalki SA, Almojali AI, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. Burnout and its association with extracurricular activities among medical students in Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 8:144-150. [PMID: 28454079 PMCID: PMC5420457 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.58e3.ca8a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess levels of burnout in medical students, and to explore the influence of extracurricular activities on burnout at a medical school in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with first to fourth year medical students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Socio-demographic, burnout level (the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, MBI-SS) and participation in extracurricular activities data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson's chi-square test and binary logistic regression. RESULTS From the 306 medical students approached, 249 (81.4%) completed the questionnaire. The level of high burnout was 67.1% (n=167). The study revealed that the majority (62.3%, n=155) of students had high levels of cynicism, 58.6% (n=146) had high levels of emotional exhaustion, and 60.2% (n=150) had low levels of professional efficacy. Most of the students (73.5%, n=183) participated in extracurricular activities, and 112 (45%) students were organizers of extracurricular activities. No significant association was found between burnout levels and the frequency of involvement in extracurricular activities (χ2=2.2, df=2, p=0.333). However, students who were organizing extracurricular activities were less likely to have low professional efficacy (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.27- 0.96). CONCLUSIONS High levels of burnout were reported at this medical school. Although the burnout level is not significantly associated with the frequency of involvement in extracurricular activities, leading and organizing extracurricular activities might result in lower levels of burnout. Therefore, improving the students' leadership skills should be considered in curriculum planning, and greater emphasis should be placed on the quality of involvement in extracurricular activities rather than the quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A. Almalki
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah I. Almojali
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alothman
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M. Masuadi
- Department of Medical Education, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal K. Alaqeel
- Psychiatry Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kim SH. Extracurricular activities of medical school applicants. KOREAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 28:201-7. [PMID: 26996435 PMCID: PMC4951741 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2016.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate medical school applicants' involvements in extracurricular activities including medical volunteering/community services, nonmedical community services, club activities, leadership role, and research. METHODS Extracurricular characteristics were compared for 448 applicants (223 males and 225 females) who applied to Kangwon Medical School in 2013 to 2014. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, and simple correlation were conducted with the collected data. RESULTS The 448 applicants participated in medical volunteer/community services (15.3%), nonmedical community services (39.8%), club activities (22.9%), club officials (10%), and research (13.4%). On average, applicants from foreign universities participated in 0.9 medical volunteer/community service, 0.8 nonmedical community service, 1.7 club activities, and 0.6 research work. On the other hand, applicants from domestic universities reported 0.2 medical volunteer/community service, 1.0 nonmedical community service, 0.7 club activity, and 0.3 research. CONCLUSION Involvement in extracurricular activities was extensive for medical school applicants. Participation in extracurricular activities differed between applicants from foreign and domestic universities. Females consistently reported greater participation in extracurricular activities than males. The data can be helpful for admission committees to recruit well-rounded applicants and compare between applicants with similar academic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Corresponding Author: Sang Hyun Kim (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-6878) Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Korea Tel: +82.33.250.8863 Fax: +82.33.250.8808
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