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Adetunji SA, Chen K, Thomason J, Matias Ferreyra F. Case report: Malignant chemodectoma with hepatic metastasis in a cat. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1216439. [PMID: 37533454 PMCID: PMC10391646 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1216439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old, male-neutered, domestic short-hair cat was examined at the Veterinary Health Center Emergency Service at Kansas State University for a one-day history of dyspnea. Prior to thoracocentesis, sedation was provided. The cat stopped breathing after sedation and went into cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was unsuccessful. At necropsy, there was severe pleural effusion and bilateral pulmonary atelectasis. The myocardium of the atria and ventricles, and tunica adventitia of coronary vessels, pulmonary artery, and aorta, had pale, firm, multinodular masses ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 cm in diameter. Multiple nodules were also present in the liver. Multifocally expanding the epicardial fat and compressing the underlying epicardium, infiltrating, and expanding the myocardium, and expanding the walls of major vessels, there was a multinodular, unencapsulated, densely cellular neoplasm composed of polygonal epithelial cells arranged in nests and packets and supported by a fine fibrovascular stroma. The nodules in the liver had similar histologic features. In this case, neoplastic cells at the primary and metastatic sites were intensely immunoreactive to synaptophysin, variably reactive to chromogranin A, and negative for neuron specific enolase, cytokeratin, vimentin, thyroglobulin, and smooth muscle actin. The gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings support the diagnosis of chemodectoma, with metastases to the liver. Synaptophysin and chromogranin A were the most useful immunohistochemical markers to diagnose malignant chemodectoma in this cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakirat Adeola Adetunji
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Justin Thomason
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Franco Matias Ferreyra
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Stone MD, Davies RK, Kridel HA. Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat. JFMS Open Rep 2023; 9:20551169231162484. [PMID: 37168487 PMCID: PMC10164846 DOI: 10.1177/20551169231162484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 6.4 kg 3-year-old male neutered indoor-outdoor domestic shorthair cat was referred for further evaluation of non-resolving lethargy and hyporexia of 4 days' duration. Physical examination identified tachypnea with mild respiratory effort and muffled lung sounds bilaterally. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large volume of pleural and pericardial effusion (PCE), which was confirmed by thoracic radiography. Echocardiogram indicated normal cardiac function but revealed a mass-like structure along the left epicardium within the pericardial space. After 72 hours in hospital, re-evaluation via echocardiogram showed the epicardial mass lesion to have doubled in size and with apparent extension to involve the pericardium. The patient was hospitalized for 72 h of supportive care and intervention, including therapeutic pericardiocentesis, bilateral thoracocentesis, thoracic and cardiac imaging and infectious disease testing. On the third day of hospitalization, the patient developed cardiac tamponade. Further workup was discussed, including CT and subtotal pericardiectomy with biopsy, but the cat was euthanized due to clinical decline and rapid re-accumulation of effusion. Post-mortem histopathologic evaluation diagnosed an epicardial pleomorphic sarcoma, exclusive of mesothelioma or histiocytic sarcoma on immunohistochemistry (IHC). Relevance and novel information This report describes a case of epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in a young cat presenting with pleural and PCE. Pleomorphic sarcoma is a rarely reported mesenchymal neoplasia in the feline patient and has thus far primarily been identified in peripheral soft tissue structures. IHC is key to the correct histopathologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, epicardial UPS has not been previously reported in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa D Stone
- Ocean State Veterinary Specialists, East Greenwich, RI, USA
- Marisa D Stone DVM, Ocean State Veterinary Specialists, 1480 S County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818, USA
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Schreeg ME, Evans BJ, Allen J, Lewis MC, Luckring E, Evola M, Richard DK, Piner K, Thompson EM, Adin DB, Tokarz DA. Cardiac Leiomyosarcoma in a Cat Presenting for Bilateral Renal Neoplasia. J Comp Pathol 2019; 168:19-24. [PMID: 31103054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old neutered female domestic longhair cat was presented to a tertiary care veterinary hospital for evaluation of a right renal mass that was identified incidentally on abdominal radiographs and classified further as a sarcoma based on fine needle aspiration cytology. Further diagnostic workup, including ultrasound and cytology, identified a sarcoma in the left kidney. After approximately 1 month of conservative medical management, the clinical condition deteriorated and the cat was humanely destroyed. Post-mortem examination confirmed bilateral renal masses with multifocal infarction and extensive necrosis, and further identified a large mass at the apex of the heart as well as multiple pulmonary nodules. Microscopical examination of the masses identified a population of poorly-differentiated neoplastic spindle cells, consistent with sarcoma. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin, but were negative for myoglobin and factor VIII. Phosphotungstic acid-haematoxylin staining was unable to identify cross-striations in the neoplastic cells. Based on these results and the pattern of lesion distribution, the cat was diagnosed with cardiac leiomyosarcoma with pulmonary and bilateral renal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Schreeg
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - B J Evans
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - J Allen
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - M C Lewis
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - E Luckring
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - M Evola
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - D K Richard
- Cleveland School Animal Hospital, 79 Oxholm Circle, Garner, USA
| | - K Piner
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital of the Carolinas, 6405 Tryon Rd, Cary, North Carolina, USA
| | - E M Thompson
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - D B Adin
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA
| | - D A Tokarz
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, USA.
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Davidson BJ, Paling AC, Lahmers SL, Nelson OL. Disease Association and Clinical Assessment of Feline Pericardial Effusion. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2008; 44:5-9. [DOI: 10.5326/0440005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Records were reviewed from 83 cases to determine the main causes and clinical significance of feline pericardial effusion. The most common causes included hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure, neoplasia, and systemic infection. Most cases had concurrent or secondary pleural effusion or pulmonary edema, with clinical signs of respiratory disease. However, several cases appeared to be affected solely by pericardial effusion rather than pulmonary pathology. Feline pericardial effusion remains an infrequent diagnosis, but its clinical relevance and association with severe cardiac and extracardiac disease warrant diagnostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Davidson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Davidson, Lahmers, Nelson), Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Washington State University, P.O. Box 647060, Pullman, Washington 99164 and the
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Paling), Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
- From the
| | - Anna C. Paling
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Davidson, Lahmers, Nelson), Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Washington State University, P.O. Box 647060, Pullman, Washington 99164 and the
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Paling), Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
- From the
| | - Sunshine L. Lahmers
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Davidson, Lahmers, Nelson), Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Washington State University, P.O. Box 647060, Pullman, Washington 99164 and the
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Paling), Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
- From the
| | - O. Lynne Nelson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Davidson, Lahmers, Nelson), Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Washington State University, P.O. Box 647060, Pullman, Washington 99164 and the
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Paling), Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
- From the
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