Antimicrobial Resistance and Migration: Interrelation Between Two Hot Topics in Global Health

[Health economic significance of antimicrobial resistance]

The global dissemination of multi-resistant pathogens represents a significant challenge for public health and the economy, given the considerable difficulties it presents in terms of disease control and economic stability. It is projected that the number of deaths associated with multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) could increase significantly worldwide by 2050. MDROs are responsible for approximately 6% of healthcare-associated infections, which equates to 24,000 to 36,000 MDRO infections per year in Germany. In total, this equates to approximately 54,500 infections per year, including those acquired by outpatients. In Germany, the number of deaths directly attributable to MDROs is estimated to be 9700 per year. It is anticipated that there will be a notable rise in the number of carbapenem-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii in the future, particularly within the context of inpatient care. A rough estimate of the total additional economic costs of a MRE infection for inpatient treatment in Germany is approximately € 27,000 per case. When economic consequences are considered, the total cost to Germany is estimated to be approximately € 4 billion. It should be noted that the data presented in the studies are usually based on estimates. There is a considerable need for research in order to adequately account for cost areas such as expenses for rehabilitation and the consequences of the large-scale use of antibiotics in animal husbandry. However, more valid data are essential in order to adequately evaluate the effectiveness of future measures to prevent and contain multi-resistance.

Natural Antiseptics in Veterinary Practice: Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety

Antiseptics are essential in infection control within veterinary medicine and are widely used for wound care, dermatological treatments, and disinfection. Growing interest in eco-friendly antiseptics has led to research on natural formulations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of natural antiseptic agents in combating pathogenic microorganisms and their use in disinfection. This article presents the results of efficacy testing, particularly focusing on Shozan (anolyte + ozone + shungite), which demonstrated strong bactericidal activity against pathogenic bacteria such as Brucella melitensis, effectively inhibiting their growth across various concentrations and exposure times. In contrast, Shuprozan (anolyte + ozone + shungite + propolis) and Prozan (anolyte + ozone + propolis) did not exhibit significant antibacterial effects. No antiviral activity was detected against the lumpy skin disease virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus, and no fungicidal properties were observed against Trichophyton verrucosum and Histoplasma farciminosum. This study's results confirm the high efficacy and safety of natural antiseptics.