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Martins D, O’Sullivan DE, Boyne DJ, Cheung WY, Allonby O, Habash M, Brenner DR, Riemer J, McGee J. Understanding Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Clinical Outcomes for Individuals with Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer in Alberta, Canada: A Retrospective, Population-Based Cohort Study. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:2277-2289. [PMID: 36826137 PMCID: PMC9955469 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence has increased in recent decades. However, population-based outcomes data are limited. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes, including time to next treatment (TNNT) and overall survival (OS), among advanced/recurrent (A/R) EC patients between 2010 and 2018 in Alberta, Canada. Kaplan-Meier statistics evaluated TTNT and OS, stratified by patient (A/R) and treatment. A total of 1053 patients were included: 620 (58.9%) advanced and 433 (41.1%) recurrent. A total of 713 (67.7%) patients received first-line therapy: 466 (75.2%) advanced and 247 (57.0%) recurrent. Platinum-based chemotherapy (PBCT) was the most common first-line regimen (overall: 78.6%; advanced: 96.1%; recurrent: 45.3%). The median TTNT and OS from first-line therapy were 19.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.5-23.5) and 35.9 months (95% CI: 31.5-53.5), respectively. Following first-line PBCT, the median OS from second-line chemotherapy (N = 187) was 10.4 months (95% CI: 8.9-13.3) and higher for those rechallenged with PBCT (N = 72; 38.5%) versus no rechallenge (N = 115; 61.5%) (13.3 months [95% CI: 11.2-20.9] vs. 6.4 months [95% CI: 4.6-10.4; p < 0.001]). The findings highlight poor outcomes in A/R EC, particularly following first-line therapy, and that additional tolerable therapeutic options are needed to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dylan E. O’Sullivan
- Oncology Outcomes Initiative, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Devon J. Boyne
- Oncology Outcomes Initiative, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Winson Y. Cheung
- Oncology Outcomes Initiative, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | | | - Darren R. Brenner
- Oncology Outcomes Initiative, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | - Jacob McGee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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Cakmak A, Ayaz H, Arıkan S, Ibrahimzada AR, Demirkol Ş, Sönmez D, Hakan MT, Sürmen ST, Horozoğlu C, Doğan MB, Küçükhüseyin Ö, Cacına C, Kıran B, Zeybek Ü, Baysan M, Yaylım İ. Predicting the predisposition to colorectal cancer based on SNP profiles of immune phenotypes using supervised learning models. Med Biol Eng Comput 2023; 61:243-258. [PMID: 36357628 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the machine learning-based assessment of predisposition to colorectal cancer based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Such a computational approach may be used as a risk indicator and an auxiliary diagnosis method that complements the traditional methods such as biopsy and CT scan. Moreover, it may be used to develop a low-cost screening test for the early detection of colorectal cancers to improve public health. We employ several supervised classification algorithms. Besides, we apply data imputation to fill in the missing genotype values. The employed dataset includes SNPs observed in particular colorectal cancer-associated genomic loci that are located within DNA regions of 11 selected genes obtained from 115 individuals. We make the following observations: (i) random forest-based classifier using one-hot encoding and K-nearest neighbor (KNN)-based imputation performs the best among the studied classifiers with an F1 score of 89% and area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.96. (ii) One-hot encoding together with K-nearest neighbor-based data imputation increases the F1 scores by around 26% in comparison to the baseline approach which does not employ them. (iii) The proposed model outperforms a commonly employed state-of-the-art approach, ColonFlag, under all evaluated settings by up to 24% in terms of the AUC score. Based on the high accuracy of the constructed predictive models, the studied 11 genes may be considered a gene panel candidate for colon cancer risk screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Cakmak
- Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Ayazaga Campus, Reşitpaşa, 34467, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Soykan Arıkan
- Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Dilara Sönmez
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet T Hakan
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saime T Sürmen
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet B Doğan
- Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Küçükhüseyin
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Cacına
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ümit Zeybek
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Baysan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Ayazaga Campus, Reşitpaşa, 34467, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhan Yaylım
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abu-Sbeih H, Tang T, Ali FS, Johnson DH, Qiao W, Diab A, Wang Y. The Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Adverse Events and Their Immunosuppressive Treatment on Patients’ Outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jipo.jipo_12_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are gaining more popularity as a treatment for advanced cancers. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) limit their use. We aimed to assess the impact of irAEs and their treatment on clinical and survival outcomes. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of the patients who received ICPIs between 2011 and 2017. Descriptive analyses were employed to compare different groups. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to estimate and compare overall survival durations. Results: Of 427 identified patients, 202 (47.3%) had one or more irAEs. Overall, the patients who developed irAEs had better overall survival than did patients with no-irAEs, regardless of immunosuppressant treatment (P < 0.01). Patients with mild irAEs who did not require immunosuppressive treatment had longer overall survival duration than did patients without irAEs (P < 0.01). Patients with three or more irAEs had longer median overall survival compared to patients with two or less irAEs (P = 0.01). Infliximab was associated with shorter duration of steroid use as compared to steroid treatment only (2 months [standard deviation (SD), 8] vs. 4 months [SD, 4]). Steroid treatment for >30 days was associated with higher rate of infections compared to shorter duration (P = 0.03). Conclusion: IrAEs are associated with favorable overall survival, regardless of immunosuppression treatment requirement. IrAEs involving multiple organs appeared to be beneficial for overall survival. Early infliximab use shortens the duration of steroid treatment and therefore balances better cancer outcomes with decreased risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Abu-Sbeih
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tenglong Tang
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Faisal Shaukat Ali
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Hartman Johnson
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Qiao
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adi Diab
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Coming-of-Age of Antibodies in Cancer Therapeutics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:1009-1028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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